STS-105

Aft view of the ISS from the departing Discovery
Names	Space Transportation System-106
Mission type	ISS crew rotation/logistics
Operator	NASA
COSPAR ID	2001-035A
SATCAT no.	26888
Mission duration	11 days, 21 hours, 13 minutes, 52 seconds
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft	Space Shuttle Discovery
Launch mass	116,914 kilograms (257,751 lb)
Landing mass	100,824 kilograms (222,279 lb)
Payload mass	9,072 kilograms (20,000 lb)
Crew
Crew size	7
Members	Scott J. Horowitz Frederick W. Sturckow Patrick G. Forrester Daniel T. Barry
Launching	Frank L. Culbertson Jr. Mikhail Tyurin Vladimir N. Dezhurov
Landing	Yury V. Usachev James S. Voss Susan J. Helms
EVAs	2
EVA duration	11 hours, 45 minutes
Start of mission
Launch date	10 August 2001, 21:10:14 (2001-08-10UTC21:10:14Z) UTC
Launch site	Kennedy LC-39A
End of mission
Landing date	22 August 2001, 18:23 (2001-08-22UTC18:24Z) UTC
Landing site	Kennedy SLF Runway 15
Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric
Regime	Low Earth
Perigee altitude	373 kilometres (232 mi)
Apogee altitude	402 kilometres (250 mi)
Inclination	51.6 degrees
Period	92.3 minutes
Docking with ISS
Docking port	PMA-2 (Destiny forward)
Docking date	12 August 2001 18:41 UTC
Undocking date	20 August 2001 14:51 UTC
Time docked	7 days, 20 hours, 9 minutes
Left to right. Centre group: Sturckow, Forrester, Barry, Horowitz. Top left (Expedition 2): Voss, Usachev, Helms. Top right (Expedition 3): Tyurin, Culbertson, Dezhurov Space Shuttle program

STS-105 was a mission of the Space Shuttle Discovery to the International Space Station, launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, 10 August 2001. This mission was Discovery's final mission until STS-114, because Discovery was grounded for a refit, and then all Shuttles were grounded in the wake of the Columbia disaster. The refit included an update of the flight deck to the glass cockpit layout, which was already installed on Atlantis and Columbia.

Crew

Position	Launching Astronaut	Landing Astronaut
Commander	Scott J. Horowitz Fourth and last spaceflight
Pilot	Frederick W. Sturckow Second spaceflight
Mission Specialist 1	Patrick G. Forrester First spaceflight
Mission Specialist 2	Daniel T. Barry Third and last spaceflight
Mission Specialist 3	Frank L. Culbertson Jr. Expedition 3 Third and last spaceflight ISS Commander	Yury V. Usachev, RKA Expedition 2 Fourth and last spaceflight ISS Commander/ISS Soyuz Commander
Mission Specialist 4	Mikhail Tyurin, RKA Expedition 3 First spaceflight ISS Flight Engineer	James S. Voss Expedition 2 Fifth and last spaceflight ISS Flight Engineer
Mission Specialist 5	Vladimir N. Dezhurov, RKA Expedition 3 Second and last spaceflight ISS Soyuz Commander	Susan J. Helms Expedition 2 Fifth and last spaceflight ISS Flight Engineer 2[1]

Mission highlights

ICC STS-105 with EAS and MISSE

The main purpose of STS-105 was the rotation of the International Space Station crew and the delivery of supplies utilizing the Italian-built Multi Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM) Leonardo on its second flight (STS-102, STS-105). The crew also performed two spacewalks and conducted scientific experiments. The Multi Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM) taken on STS-105 contained additional scientific racks, equipment and supplies. It is 6.4 meters (21 feet) long and 4.6 meters (15 feet) in diameter and has a dry mass of over 4,082 kilograms (8,999 lb). An identical module named Raffaello has flown twice (STS-100 and, later, STS-108).

Aboard Leonardo were six Resupply Stowage Racks, four Resupply Stowage Platforms, and two new scientific experiment racks for the station's U.S. laboratory Destiny. The two new science racks (EXPRESS Racks 4 and 5) added further science capability to the station. EXPRESS stands for Expedite the Processing of Experiments to the Space Station. EXPRESS Rack 4 weighs 533 kilograms (1,175 lb) and EXPRESS Rack 5 weighs 544 kilograms (1,199 lb). The empty weight of each EXPRESS rack is about 356 kilograms (785 lb). EXPRESS Racks 1 and 2A were delivered aboard the Raffaello cargo module during STS-100/6A in April 2001. EXPRESS Rack 3 was brought to the station during STS-111 in 2002. The racks were manufactured at the Space Station Processing Facility.

The Resupply Stowage Racks and Resupply Stowage Platforms were filled with Cargo Transfer Bags that contain equipment and supplies for the station. The six Resupply Stowage Racks contained almost 1,451 kilograms (3,199 lb) of cargo and the four Resupply Stowage Platforms contained about 544 kilograms (1,199 lb) of cargo, not including the weight of the Cargo Transfer Bags, the foam packing around the cargo or the straps and fences that held the bags in place. The total weight of cargo, racks and packing material aboard Leonardo was just over 4,990 kilograms (11,000 lb). Total cargo weight was about 3,073 kilograms (6,775 lb).

Also carried in the payload bay was an Integrated Cargo Carrier (ICC) carrying the Early Ammonia Servicer and MISSE PECs 1 & 2.

Another payload on board is the Materials International Space Station Experiments (MISSE). This project was a NASA/Langley Research Center-managed cooperative endeavor to fly materials and other types of space exposure experiments on the space station. The objective was to develop early, low-cost, non-intrusive opportunities to conduct critical space exposure tests of space materials and components planned for use on future spacecraft. Johnson Space Center, Marshall Space Flight Center, Glenn Research Center, the Materials Laboratory at the Air Force Research Laboratory and Boeing Phantom Works were participants with Langley in the project. The MISSE experiments were the first externally mounted experiments conducted on the ISS. The experiments were in four Passive Experiment Containers (PECs) that were initially developed and used for an experiment on Mir in 1996 during the Shuttle-Mir Program. The PECs were transported to Mir on STS-76. After an 18-month exposure in space, they were retrieved on STS-86. PECs are suitcase-like containers for transporting experiments via the space shuttle to and from an orbiting spacecraft. Once on orbit and clamped to the host spacecraft, the PECs are opened and serve as racks to expose experiments to the space environment.

Other payloads on board were part of the Goddard Space Flight Center's Wallops Flight Facility Shuttle Small Payloads Project. The SSPP system utilizes payload carrier systems such as the Hitchhiker, Getaway Specials and Space Experiment Modules to provide a low cost scientific research environment. SSPP payloads on STS-105 include the Hitchhiker payload Simplesat, The Cell Growth in Microgravity GAS Canister (G-708), the Microgravity Smoldering Combustion experiment (MSC), and the Hitchhiker Experiment Advancing Technology Space Experiment Module-10 payload).

• 
  STS-105 launches from Kennedy Space Center, 10 August 2001.
• 
  Illustration of the International Space Station during STS-105.
• 
  The Canadarm2 / Space Station Remote Manipulator System (SSRMS) being operated by a crew-member.
• 
  STS-105 lands at the Shuttle Landing Facility, 22 August 2001.

This was the only Shuttle launch to go before the scheduled launch time, at the beginning, rather than the optimal middle or later, of the 10-minute launch window to rendezvous with ISS. It launched early because an approaching storm system threatened to violate launch criteria at the appointed time.^[3][4]

Wake-up calls

NASA began a tradition of playing music to astronauts during the Gemini program, which was first used to wake up a flight crew during Apollo 15.^[5] Each track is specially chosen, often by their families, and usually has a special meaning to an individual member of the crew, or is applicable to their daily activities.^[5][6]

Media

• STS-105 launches from KSC (3 mins 7 secs)
• STS-105 lands at the Shuttle Landing Facility (2 mins 57 secs)

See also

• List of human spaceflights
• List of International Space Station spacewalks
• List of Space Shuttle missions
• List of spacewalks and moonwalks 1965–1999
• Outline of space science

References

External links

• NASA mission summary Archived 24 July 2016 at the Wayback Machine
• STS-105 Video Highlights Archived 15 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine