Small nucleolar RNA SNORD15
Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of SNORD15
Identifiers
SymbolSNORD15
Alt. SymbolsU15
RfamRF00067
Other data
RNA typeGene; snRNA; snoRNA; CD-box
Domain(s)Eukaryota
GOGO:0005730 GO:0006396
SOSO:0000593
PDB structuresPDBe

In molecular biology, SNORD15 (also known as U15) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the modification of small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs, also a type of ncRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.

U15 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA). Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.[1] U15 is predicted to guide the 2'O-ribose methylation of 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) residue A3764.[2][3]

In humans there are two closely related copies of the U15 snoRNA (called SNORD15A and SNORD15B). They are both encoded in the introns of the ribosomal protein S3.[4] In Xenopus laevis it is located within the introns of ribosomal protein S1 [5]

snoR75 from Arabidopsis thaliana[6] and homologues in rice Oryza sativa and other plants are alternatively known as U15, and, despite a significantly shorter sequence length, appear to be related.[7]

References

  1. ↑ Galardi, S.; Fatica, A.; Bachi, A.; Scaloni, A.; Presutti, C.; Bozzoni, I. (October 2002). "Purified Box C/D snoRNPs Are Able to Reproduce Site-Specific 2'-O-Methylation of Target RNA in Vitro". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 22 (19): 6663–6668. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.19.6663-6668.2002. PMC 134041. PMID 12215523.
  2. ↑ Kiss-László Z, Henry Y, Bachellerie JP, Caizergues-Ferrer M, Kiss T (1996). "Site-specific ribose methylation of preribosomal RNA: a novel function for small nucleolar RNAs". Cell. 85 (7): 1077–88. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81308-2. PMID 8674114. S2CID 10418885.
  3. ↑ Lestrade, Laurent; Weber, Michel J. (2006). "snoRNA-LBME-db, a comprehensive database of human H/ACA and C/D box snoRNAs". Nucleic Acids Research. 34 (Supplement 1: Database Issue): D158–D162. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.105.7552. doi:10.1093/nar/gkj002. PMC 1347365. PMID 16381836.
  4. ↑ Tycowski KT, Shu MD, Steitz JA (1993). "A small nucleolar RNA is processed from an intron of the human gene encoding ribosomal protein S3". Genes Dev. 7 (7A): 1176–90. doi:10.1101/gad.7.7a.1176. PMID 8319909.
  5. ↑ Pellizzoni L, Crosio C, Campioni N, Loreni F, Pierandrei-Amaldi P (1994). "Different forms of U15 snoRNA are encoded in the introns of the ribosomal protein S1 gene of Xenopus laevis". Nucleic Acids Res. 22 (22): 4607–13. doi:10.1093/nar/22.22.4607. PMC 308507. PMID 7984408.
  6. ↑ Barneche F, Gaspin C, Guyot R, Echeverría M (2001). "Identification of 66 box C/D snoRNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana: extensive gene duplications generated multiple isoforms predicting new ribosomal RNA 2'-O-methylation sites". J. Mol. Biol. 311 (1): 57–73. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2001.4851. PMID 11469857.
  7. ↑ Brown JW, Echeverria M, Qu LH, et al. (2003). "Plant snoRNA database". Nucleic Acids Res. 31 (1): 432–5. doi:10.1093/nar/gkg009. PMC 165456. PMID 12520043.


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