Tropical fascism is a phrase sometimes used to describe post-colonial states which are either considered fascist or which are seen to have authoritarian tendencies, such as the Estado Novo[1][2] and elements of Jair Bolsonaro's ideology in Brazil,[3] and several historic regimes in Haiti, such as the presidency of Louis Borno[4] or the later government of François Duvalier.

The Coalition for the Defence of the Republic and larger Hutu Power movement, a Hutu ultranationalist and supremacist movement that organized and committed the Rwandan genocide aimed at exterminating the Tutsi people of Rwanda, has been described as an example of "tropical fascism" in Africa.[5]

Examples

Below are some examples of political parties, both active and inactive, that have been described as tropical fascist or are ideologically fascist within the tropics.

Party Country Reference(s)
Coalition for the Defence of the Republic  Rwanda [5]
Rally of the Togolese People  Togo [6]
Popular Movement of the Revolution  Zaire [7]
Union Solidarity and Development Party  Myanmar [8]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Brazil must learn past lessons to take control of its future". SBS Sport. Retrieved 2023-03-03.
  2. ↑ Bakota, Carlos Steven, and Frank D. McCann. Review of Getulio Vargas and the Estado Novo: An Inquiry into Ideology and Opportunism, by Stanley E. Hilton, Anibal Villela, and Wilson Suzigan. Latin American Research Review 14, no. 1 (1979): 205–10. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2502832.
  3. ↑ Pires, Carol. "Jair Bolsonaro and Tropical Proto-fascism". Goethe-Institut. Retrieved 2023-06-26.
  4. ↑ Fatton, Robert (2007). The Roots of Haitian Despotism. Boulder, Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers. p. 164. ISBN 978-1-58826-544-9.
  5. 1 2 Hazan, Pierre; De Stadelhofen, Sarah (2010). Judging war, judging history: behind truth and reconciliation. Stanford University Press. p. 143. ISBN 9780804769563.
  6. ↑ African geopolitics, Issues 17-20. OR.IMA International, 2005. Pp. 104.
  7. ↑ Michel Ugarte. Africans in Europe: the culture of exile and emigration from Equatorial Guinea to Spain. University of Illinois Press, 2010. Pp. 25.
  8. ↑ "Fascist assemblages in Cambodia and Myanmar". New Mandala. 2015-03-25. Retrieved 2023-12-21.
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