WFSB

Hartford–New Haven, Connecticut United States
City	Hartford, Connecticut
Channels	Digital: 36 (UHF) Virtual: 3
Branding	Channel 3 Channel 3 Eyewitness News
Programming
Affiliations	3.1: CBS for others, see § Subchannels
Ownership
Owner	Gray Television (Gray Television Licensee, LLC)
Sister stations	WGGB-TV, WSHM-LD, WWAX-LD
History
First air date	September 23, 1957 (1957-09-23)
Former call signs	WTIC-TV (1957–1974)
Former channel number(s)	Analog: 3 (VHF, 1957–2009) Digital: 33 (UHF, 2005–2019)
Former affiliations	Independent (1957–1958)
Call sign meaning	Frederick Sessions Beebe (former president of former owner Post-Newsweek Stations)
Technical information[1]
Licensing authority	FCC
Facility ID	53115
ERP	1,000 kW
HAAT	289 m (948 ft)
Transmitter coordinates	41°46′30″N 72°48′18.3″W / 41.77500°N 72.805083°W / 41.77500; -72.805083
Links
Public license information	Public file LMS
Website	www.wfsb.com

WWAX-LD

Hartford, Connecticut
Channels	Digital: 27 (UHF) Virtual: 27
Branding	theWAX
Programming
Affiliations	27.1: Independent for others, see § Subchannels
History
First air date	March 11, 2013 (2013-03-11) (in Westmoreland, NH)
Former call signs	W20EB-D W27ER-D
Former channel number(s)	Digital: 20 (UHF)
Call sign meaning	The word wax
Technical information[2]
Licensing authority	FCC
Facility ID	186687
Class	LD
ERP	15 kW
HAAT	273.7 m (898 ft)
Transmitter coordinates	41°46′30″N 72°48′18.3″W / 41.77500°N 72.805083°W / 41.77500; -72.805083
Links
Public license information	LMS
Website	www.wfsb.com/wwax/

WFSB (channel 3) is a television station licensed to Hartford, Connecticut, United States, serving the Hartford–New Haven market as an affiliate of CBS. Owned by Gray Television, the station maintains studios on Denise D'Ascenzo Way in Rocky Hill and a transmitter on Talcott Mountain in Avon, Connecticut.

Most of WFSB's programs are seen in Springfield, Massachusetts, over a low-power semi-satellite station, WSHM-LD (channel 33). That station is based at the facilities of sister station WGGB-TV (channel 40) in Springfield, although some master control and other internal operations are hubbed through WFSB.

WFSB also maintains a second sister station, WWAX-LD (channel 27), also licensed to Hartford. Known on-air as theWax, WWAX-LD mainly features simulcasts and repeats of WFSB's news programming, along with second runs of its syndicated shows and other Gray-produced programming. Its own third subchannel features a full-time automated feed of WFSB news briefs, headlines, current weather conditions, and other miscellanea known as Eyewitness News Now, which simulcasts on the station's website and mobile app.

History

WFSB signed on the air on September 23, 1957, as WTIC-TV, owned by the Hartford-based Travelers Insurance Company, along with WTIC radio (1080 AM and 96.5 FM).^[3] As Connecticut's second VHF station, WTIC-TV was one of the most powerful stations in New England, not only covering the entire state but a large chunk of western Massachusetts and eastern Long Island in New York. It provided secondary coverage to much of the southern sections of Vermont and New Hampshire. During its first year on the air, Channel 3 was an independent station, as ABC was affiliated with the state's other VHF outlet, WNHC-TV (channel 8, now WTNH) in New Haven; while CBS and NBC had owned-and-operated stations on the UHF band in the market, WHCT-TV (channel 18, now Univision affiliate WUVN) in Hartford and WNBC (channel 30, now WVIT) in New Britain, respectively. With no network affiliation, WTIC-TV devoted much of its airtime to movies, syndicated programs, and three daily newscasts (including one at 10:00 p.m.).^[4]

In 1958, CBS was looking to sell WHCT-TV. The network's ratings had been alarmingly low in the market because television manufacturers were not required to have UHF tuners at the time. Many viewers northeast of Hartford got a better signal for CBS programming from WNAC-TV (now WHDH) in Boston, or WPRO-TV (now WPRI-TV) in Providence, Rhode Island; while those southwest of Hartford with an outdoor antenna were able to watch the network via New York City flagship station WCBS-TV. Network head William S. Paley decided that it was better to have CBS air its programming on a VHF station, even if it was only an affiliate. WTIC-TV was the obvious choice due to its massive coverage area. Paley quickly negotiated an affiliation deal, and channel 3 became the network's new affiliate on November 16, 1958. WTIC radio had been with NBC Radio for over thirty years.^[5] Soon after the affiliation switch, channel 3 surged to the top of the ratings, and has remained there more or less ever since.

The switch to WTIC-TV for CBS had repercussions in Springfield. Although Springfield already had a CBS affiliate in WHYN-TV (channel 40, now sister station WGGB-TV), that station's owners, the Hampden-Hampshire Corporation, knew they would find the going difficult competing against WTIC-TV's stronger VHF signal. WHYN-TV sought to move to the VHF band as well, to no avail. In response, WHYN-TV switched its affiliation to ABC (previously, some ABC programs had been seen on WWLP). Over the years, WTIC-TV repeatedly blocked WHYN/WGGB's attempts to switch back to CBS.

The station also played a role in a nadir for the New York Giants in the 1970s, as the station is outside of the NFL's 75-mile (121 km) blackout radius and the team was entering a long period of futility and a nomadic existence after losing Yankee Stadium when it was renovated exclusively into a baseball venue, as the team waited for Giants Stadium to be built and open in 1976. This included games being played at New Haven's Yale Bowl, a 71,000 seat venue which was impossible to sell out. Despite this, the team had a decades-long fanbase, well before the New England Patriots could begin to compete equally in the market. This meant that fans of the team in the New York area who refused to support the team with their attendance, would then drive into the Hartford–New Haven area to watch Giants home games, either by patronizing area bars or checking into a motel room while the game was on channel 3.^[6]

In 1962, the WTIC stations moved to Broadcast House, a state-of-the-art facility in the Constitution Plaza development in Downtown Hartford. A decade later, in late 1972, Travelers Insurance decided to exit broadcasting. The announcement was made to the staff at an employee meeting held in Studio A on January 15, 1973. While the WTIC radio stations were spun off to a company formed by station management called 1080 Corporation, WTIC-TV was sold to The Washington Post Company. The sale of all three stations was closed on March 8, 1974, and the Post's broadcasting division, Post-Newsweek Stations, changed Channel 3's call letters on that date to the current WFSB in honor of broadcasting division president Frederick Sessions Beebe, who had died a few months earlier. At the time, the FCC did not allow television and radio stations in the same market to share the same call letters if they had different owners.^[7] To get the WFSB call letters, the Post had to convince Framingham State College in Framingham, Massachusetts, to give up those call letters, which were used on the college's low-power FM radio station, whose call letters were changed to WDJM-FM as a result of the switch. The WTIC call letters returned to Connecticut television in 1984 when Arch Communications, owned by the son of the then-owner of WTIC radio, launched a new independent station on channel 61.^[8]

In the late 1980s, Post-Newsweek moved its corporate offices from Washington, D.C., to space located alongside Broadcast House making the station the company's flagship. This was part of a strategy move by the Post to give its various subsidiaries their own independent identities, which worked well at first. By the mid-1990s, however, WFSB found itself in a shrinking market without any significant growth opportunities. In June 1997, Post-Newsweek traded WFSB to the Meredith Corporation in exchange for WCPX-TV (now WKMG-TV) in Orlando, Florida.^[9] The sale closed that September although the Post-Newsweek group maintained its base in Hartford until 2000, when the company relocated to its then-largest station, WDIV-TV in Detroit.

By this point, with the transfer of the AFC contract from NBC to CBS in 1998, WFSB became a direct beneficiary of what would become the Brady–Belichick era for the Patriots. Though Hartford would be disappointed when the team decided to build a new stadium in Foxborough, Massachusetts, rather than coming to Connecticut, the team's later success and a shift away from the market's longtime enthusiasm for the Giants meant that WFSB would attain successful ratings growth after four years without any NFL games. The success of the Patriots would inspire Meredith to launch a station specifically for the Springfield market to the north to allow it to benefit from the revenue of two separate stations. It also wanted to avoid preempting Patriots games in Springfield, as Connecticut straddles the traditional dividing line between the home territories for Boston and New York teams. Meredith purchased a Trinity Broadcasting Network translator in Springfield and converted it to a locally focused CBS affiliate, WSHM-LP in 2003. WSHM brands as "CBS 3" to continue to trade on WFSB's continued success and familiarity; until Gray split it off to its own channel 33 in February 2023, it shared its virtual channel number with WFSB.

In 2005, WFSB announced plans for a new, modern studio at an office park in suburban Rocky Hill, with a glass façade and lobby. It was originally intended to be built in downtown Hartford at Main and Trumbull streets, adjacent to the station's longtime home on Constitution Plaza. However, WFSB opted for a suburban location after finding that the downtown site was too small.^[10] The new studio opened in 2007.

Meredith announced on March 20, 2015, a multi-station affiliation agreement for three of Katz Broadcasting's networks, with WFSB putting Escape (now Ion Mystery) on DT2 and Laff on DT3.^[11]

On May 3, 2021, Gray Television announced its intent to purchase the Meredith Local Media division for $2.7 billion. The sale was completed on December 1.^[12] As a result, WFSB (along with WGGB and WSHM-LD) became Gray's first stations in southern New England.

Programming

Technical information

References

External links

• Official website
• WSHM-LD "CBS 3 Springfield"
• www.wticalumni.com: A site that was created by Bill Clede and carried on by David Kaplan featuring pictures, audio, information and trivia about the old WTIC AM/FM/TV before its sale by the Travelers in 1974.
• WWAX Programming Schedule
• WWAX website