WSCV
The Telemundo network logo, a T with two circular overlapping components. To the right and under the T, the number 51. Beneath it, in a sans serif, the word Telemundo.
CityFort Lauderdale, Florida
Channels
Branding
  • Telemundo 51
  • Noticiero Telemundo 51 (newscasts)
Programming
Affiliations
Ownership
Owner
WTVJ
History
First air date
December 6, 1968 (1968-12-06)
Former call signs
  • WSMS-TV (1968–1970)
  • WKID (1972–1984)
Former channel number(s)
  • Analog: 51 (UHF, 1968–2009)
  • Digital: 52 (UHF, 2003–2009)
Call sign meaning
Similar sound in Spanish to "ese se ve", "that one is seen"
Technical information[1]
Licensing authority
FCC
Facility ID64971
ERP1,000 kW
HAAT304 m (997 ft)
Transmitter coordinates25°59′10.0″N 80°11′36.3″W / 25.986111°N 80.193417°W / 25.986111; -80.193417
Links
Public license information
Websitewww.telemundo51.com

WSCV (channel 51) is a television station licensed to Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States, serving as the Telemundo outlet for the Miami area. It is one of two flagship stations of the Spanish-language network (the other being WNJU in the New York City market). WSCV is owned and operated by NBCUniversal's Telemundo Station Group alongside NBC station WTVJ (channel 6). The two stations share studios on Southwest 27th Street in Miramar; WSCV's transmitter is located in Pembroke Park, Florida. The station also serves as the de facto Telemundo outlet for the West Palm Beach market, as that area does not have a Telemundo station of its own.

Channel 51 in Fort Lauderdale first went on the air in 1968. It operated as a primarily English-language independent station as WSMS-TV from 1968 to 1970 and as WKID from 1972 to 1980. From 1980 to 1984, the station primarily broadcast the ON TV subscription service until its owner, Oak Communications, sold it to John Blair & Co., which relaunched it the next year as Spanish-language WSCV. It was one of Telemundo's charter stations in 1987 and has since experienced ratings increases and expanded its local news offerings.

History

WSMS-TV

The construction permit for channel 51 was awarded in 1965, but channel 51 did not begin broadcasting until December 6, 1968,[2] as WSMS-TV. The Broward Broadcasting Company, owned by attorney Paris G. Singer, was the original permit holder.[3] The call letters had been selected to mean "Where Sun Meets Sea"; a proposed sister station for Tampa would have been WTSS, for "Where The Sun Sets".[4] Delayed from a planned October 1 start due to bad weather,[5] WSMS was the first station in Fort Lauderdale in 12 years, operating from its studios on Federal Highway.[6] The station aired syndicated programming as well as all-color local news and sports, alongside other local productions including Romper Room, the afternoon interview show Talk About Town and the cartoon show Capt'n' Zero,[6] plus local stock market reports.[7] Channel 51's news moved to 10 p.m. in July 1969, making it the only local newscast in that time slot in South Florida.[8]

Engineering difficulties forced WSMS-TV to suspend operations on February 6, 1970;[9] while local news reports only mentioned engineering problems, in its request for silence with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), WSMS-TV also cited financial difficulties.[10] In April, the station announced it would remain off air, citing the financial condition of Gold Coast Telecasting, the licensee.[11]

WKID

In 1971, a buyer appeared for the silent television station. A subsidiary of Recreation Corporation of America (RCA), owner of the Pirates World amusement park in Dania, filed to acquire channel 51; Singer became an officer in the new company.[12] The new owners changed the call letters to WKID and planned to target a youth audience, with the studios to be at Pirates World.[7] Though one objection was made to RCA's plans, by Hank Zinkil—a state representative and former mayor of Hollywood attempting to exaggerate that Pirates World had been "the source of great controversy" due to rock concerts which required consistent crowd control, and a drug dealing site[13]—the FCC dismissed Zinkil's challenge. From a new 1,049-foot (320 m) tower affording market-wide coverage,[14] WKID returned to the air on February 14, 1972.[15]

Pirates World closed in December 1973 after the opening of Walt Disney World sapped its customer base.[16] The amusement park site became an eyesore with 48 abandoned buildings,[17] amidst which WKID continued to operate through 1975. On the night of February 24, two bombs went off at the studios in Dania and a production office the station leased in Miami;[18][19] a Cuban exile group took credit, blaming WKID's policy of rapprochement with communist Cuba in its Spanish-language programming.[20] Licensee Channel 51, Inc., went bankrupt in March,[10] and Pirates World with the WKID studio was condemned in September.[21] Channel 51 moved the next month to temporary quarters in Pembroke Park[22] as WKID was acquired by an investment group headed by Bill Johns and Alvin Koenig in 1976; the group became known as CB TV Corp. in 1977.[10] Johns and Koenig had already been operating the station on RCA's behalf since 1972.[23]

In the 1970s, WKID was the second-largest source of Spanish-language television programming in South Florida, providing the only prime time shows not being aired on WLTV.[24] In the evening hours in 1977, it leased out airtime to Latin Network, which programmed "TV Sol", complete with news and entertainment programs in Spanish.[25] During this era, cable providers that carried competing independent WCIX outside of the Miami market, especially in the Tampa and Orlando areas, carried WKID during the overnight hours, after WCIX signed off for the night;[26] channel 51 served up The All Night Show, a campy mix of movies hosted by Dave Dixon, to this audience.[27] WKID-TV was also among the first broadcast outlets for what would become the Christian Television Network, as the network purchased a block of evening airtime every night on channel 51 prior to the establishment of its first station, WCLF in Tampa.[28]

In 1980, CB TV Corp. sold WKID to Oak Industries, a cable television equipment manufacturer and owner of ON TV, a subscription television (STV) service that was carried during the evening hours. ON TV could only be viewed for a monthly fee and required a set-top decoder box and outdoor antenna for adequate reception. The station's advertiser-supported programming during this period included business news from the Financial News Network during the daytime hours, a horse racing show hosted by Bob Savage in the early evening, and movies in overnights, shortly after ON TV signed off for the evening.[29] Subscription service from ON TV initially commenced at 7 p.m. Monday through Friday and at 10 a.m. on Saturdays and Sundays, expanding in 1982 to a 4 p.m. start.[30] With the expansion of cable television in the Miami area, ON TV proved to be an ill-fated venture; by July 1984, when it laid off half its staff, subscriptions had fallen from a 1982 high of 44,700[31] to 28,500,[32] making it the smallest of Oak's STV operations at the time.[33]

WSCV

What we saw was that there was one TV station serving a market of close to one million people, compared to eight radio stations.

Julio Rumbaut[34]

Oak's financial difficulties and the failure of ON TV motivated the company to sell WKID. At the end of July 1984, Oak announced that it had sold the station to John Blair & Co. for $17.75 million; the new buyers intended to program it as a Spanish-language station.[35] Financial News Network programming ceased in October 1984.[36] Blair, led by Cuban-American media entrepreneur Julio Rumbaut, completed the acquisition in December.[37] Channel 51 then went off the air as Blair prepared to implement the station's relaunch as WSCV, south Florida's second Spanish-language television station.[38] The new call letters, when pronounced in Spanish, read "Doble-U Ese Se Ve" (which is translated into English as "that one is seen").[39]

The launch took longer than expected due to transmitter troubles;[40] WSCV finally launched on June 2, 1985.[41] The new WSCV positioned its programming as a local, independent Miami-targeted alternative to the Mexican-dominated Spanish International Network (now Univision) and its station WLTV (channel 23), with a program hosted by Rolando Barral as part of its charter lineup.[42] (Barral left within months to return to WLTV.[43]) Reflecting the market it aimed to serve, the station played both the United States and Cuban national anthems at sign-on and sign-off;[44] its logo incorporated features of the Cuban flag.[45] Another feature in the station's early months were Major League Baseball telecasts; announcers in the channel 51 studio produced Spanish-language commentary for games of the Baltimore Orioles and other teams.[46]

In 1986, the Reliance Group acquired WSCV and WKAQ-TV in San Juan, Puerto Rico, from John Blair & Co., which was paid $300 million to thwart a hostile takeover.[47] The year before, Reliance had purchased Oak's Los Angeles station, KBSC-TV, and relaunched it as Spanish-language KVEA—much like WSCV, the first competition to a long-running SIN station in a large Hispanic market. In October 1986, Reliance then bought WNJU serving the New York City area.[48] On January 12, 1987,[49] the new stations were integrated into one network: Telemundo, supplying additional programming and national news coverage.[50]

While Rumbaut had done much to build WSCV in the early years of what he called "the World Series of Spanish television",[45] his exit would be acrimonious. In February 1988, WSCV was the only Telemundo station (of a total of nine) to air a speech by President Ronald Reagan about aid to the Contras, after the news staff petitioned Rumbaut to air the address. The move was poorly received by the network; after a meeting in New York, he presented his resignation. Roberto Rodríguez Tejera then attempted to present editorials relating to Rumbaut's resignation; on orders from the Telemundo Group, engineers shut the station's signal off during the editorial, infuriating staffers.[51][52] He was replaced by Alfredo Durán, formerly of WLTV.[53] Later that year, the station moved news production from its original facilities in Hollywood to Telemundo's Hialeah headquarters, coinciding with a top-to-bottom station relaunch;[54] offices and other station functions followed suit in 1990.[55] Durán would leave in 1991, seeking new career challenges.[56] The next year, José Cancela jumped from Univision, at the time in a process of a sale, to run WSCV.[57]

On October 11, 2001, NBC acquired the Telemundo network, including WSCV, from Sony and Liberty Media for $1.98 billion (increasing to $2.7 billion by the sale's closure) and the assumption of $700 million in debt, in an equal cash and stock split by NBC's then-parent General Electric. The acquisition was finalized on April 12, 2002, making WSCV part of a duopoly with NBC's WTVJ.[58] WSCV and WTVJ were the first stations to be fully integrated among the several duopolies the deal produced; the WTVJ studio center in Miramar had been designed when NBC was considering purchasing another Spanish-language station, facilitating some of the task.[59] In 2020, WSCV's general manager assumed oversight of WTVJ after its general manager retired.[60]

News operation

Local news was on WSCV's slate from the moment it relaunched in 1985. The station initially aired a 6 p.m. and 10 p.m. local newscast, anchored by Cuban-born Lucy Pereda and news director Eduardo Arango.[61] Pereda left before the end of 1985 to work for the Spanish International Network (going on to host Mundo Latino, its first national morning show),[62][63] while Arango was ousted in early 1986 over differences in philosophy with Rumbaut.[64] However, the presence of WSCV's 10 p.m. news, an hour before WLTV's, led the latter station to move up its newscast to match.[65] As with the station in general, the news on WSCV was positioned as "Cuban" to the more Mexican-influenced WLTV. Rafael Orizondo, who replaced Arango in an interim capacity, said at a 1986 forum, "Our newscasts are designed for the Cuban community, not for the Hispanic community. We emphasize the Cuban, and to call Fidel Castro a dictator and say he is an assassin does not cost us any credibility."[66] In late 1986, WSCV hired María Montoya, a former actress who had arrived in Miami as part of the Mariel boatlift of 1980,[67] and Ambrosio Hernández, who had worked at several radio stations in Chicago, to complement the team.[62][68]

Upon Alfredo Durán becoming general manager in 1988, aggressive moves were made to improve the ratings. The newscast was moved back from 11 p.m., where it had been relocated earlier in the year,[69] to 10.[70] Durán lured well-known WLTV reporter Alina Mayo Azze to WSCV.[71] Her hiring was soon eclipsed by another with romantic overtones; Durán was in a relationship with Leticia Callava, the main female anchor at WLTV and described by Tom Jicha of The Miami News as "to Spanish-language news what Ann Bishop is to English-language news".[72] Despite claiming that Callava was not about to jump stations in May,[70] when Callava was demoted by WLTV after Durán's move,[73] she left that station and signed with WSCV in August, teaming with Mayo Azze to become the first two-woman anchor pairing on Spanish-language television in Miami on a relaunched Noticentro 51 (Newscenter 51).[74] Durán also toned down the Cuban emphasis of channel 51, stripping the Cuban flag colors from the logo and asking weather presenter Ángel Martín to stop referring to Cuba as "that beautiful land where we were born".[75]

The move, which helped to lift WSCV's ratings slightly, escalated Miami's Spanish-language news war: Hernández defected to a rebuilding WLTV.[76] When Mayo Azze left in 1990, she was replaced on the anchor desk by Argentine news anchor Nicolas Kasanzew, who became famous covering the Falklands War (Spanish: Guerra de las Malvinas/Guerra del Atlántico Sur) for the state-run network ATC.[77] Kasanzew was demoted to a reporter two years later as part of a major shakeup in which three newscasters were fired and news production was suspended for a week as the station readied a "clean slate",[78] with Callava the only remaining anchor.[57] At the time, WLTV was still beating WSCV two-to-one in the evening news ratings race.[57] This continued until Hernández returned to WSCV in early 1993.[79]

Montoya returned to WSCV in 1999 when the station began to expand its local news with the first Spanish-language midday newscast in the country.[80] Two years later, WSCV expanded to morning news for the first time, debuting the 6 a.m. news hour Primera Edición (First Edition) as part of a national strategy to add local morning newscasts.[81] Weekend news followed that September.[82] After being told that management desired to replace her on the evening news with Montoya, Callava left WSCV in late 2001 after 13 years.[83] While WLTV still led in news ratings into the 2000s, WSCV steadily increased its share of the marketplace.[84]

Despite changes in its anchor lineup—Montoya would depart WSCV in 2013,[85] while Hernández departed in 2015 to rejoin Univision[86]—WSCV added several new newscasts in the 2010s as part of national local news expansions across the Telemundo station group. A 5:30 p.m. show debuted at WSCV and 13 other Telemundo stations in 2014, followed by a 5 p.m. newscast in 2016.[87][88] Steady improvement led to ratings leadership. By 2022, WSCV was the leading station in total households and the 25–54 news demo in the morning, early evening, and late news, regardless of language.[89]

Technical information

Subchannels

The station's signal is multiplexed and includes three of the four subchannels offered by WTVJ, which converted to ATSC 3.0 (NextGen TV) broadcast in January 2023. WSCV's main subchannel is in turn offered on the WTVJ multiplex.[90]

Subchannels of WSCV[90]
Channel Res. Aspect Short name Programming
51.1 1080i16:9WSCVMain WSCV programming / Telemundo
51.2 480i4:3ExitosTeleXitos
51.4 16:9WSCV-PBVersion of main feed with commercials for the West Palm Beach area
6.1 1080i16:9WTVJNBC (WTVJ)
6.2 480iCOZI TVCozi TV (WTVJ-DT2)
6.3 LocalXLx (WTVJ-DT3)
  Broadcast on behalf of another station

Analog-to-digital conversion

WSCV ended programming on its analog signal, on UHF channel 51, on June 12, 2009, the official date on which full-power television stations in the United States transitioned from analog to digital broadcasts under federal mandate. The station's digital signal moved from its pre-transition UHF channel 52, which was among the high band UHF channels (52-69) that were removed from broadcasting use as a result of the transition, to channel 30, continuing to use virtual channel 51.[91]

References

  1. ↑ "Facility Technical Data for WSCV". Licensing and Management System. Federal Communications Commission.
  2. ↑ Anderson, Jack E. (December 6, 1968). "Channel 51 (UHF) Goes on Air Tonight". Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. p. 12-F. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved January 24, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  3. ↑ Anderson, Jack E. (September 21, 1968). "New UHF Station, Channel 51, To Hit Airwaves Next Month". Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. p. 20-A. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved January 24, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  4. ↑ "New TV Station Moving". The Tampa Times. June 9, 1967. p. 2-A. Archived from the original on February 5, 2022. Retrieved January 17, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  5. ↑ Anderson, Jack E. (October 28, 1968). "Wet Weather Delays Opening Of Lauderdale UHF Station". Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. p. 8-B. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved January 24, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  6. 1 2 "Channel 51 Operating". Fort Lauderdale News. Fort Lauderdale, Florida. December 18, 1968. p. 18H. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved January 24, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  7. 1 2 Anderson, Jack E. (July 31, 1971). "New Group Seeks Channel 51, Will Aim for Young Audience". Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. p. 8-C. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved January 24, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  8. ↑ "TV 51 News Schedule Changed". Fort Lauderdale News. Fort Lauderdale, Florida. July 18, 1969. p. 8F. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved January 24, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  9. ↑ "Channel 51 Takes 90-Day Break". Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. February 8, 1970. p. 2-BR. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved January 24, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  10. 1 2 3 FCC History Cards for WSCV
  11. ↑ Markus, Bette (April 28, 1970). "TV 51 To Stay Off Air". Fort Lauderdale News. Fort Lauderdale, Florida. p. 1B. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved January 24, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  12. ↑ "Defunct TV Channel 51 To Revitalize". Fort Lauderdale News. May 10, 1971. p. 2C. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved January 24, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  13. ↑ "Zinkil Questions TV Application". Fort Lauderdale News. Fort Lauderdale, Florida. October 23, 1971. p. 1B. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved January 24, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  14. ↑ Griffith, Carolanne (January 13, 1972). "Channel 51 Due Back On The Air". Fort Lauderdale News. Fort Lauderdale, Florida. p. 2C. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved January 24, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  15. ↑ "Channel 51 back on air with kids fare". Miami News. February 16, 1972. p. 7-B. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved January 24, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  16. ↑ Reed, Sandi (December 15, 1973). "Pirates World Closed Again, This Time Apparently for Good: 960-Unit Project Planned". The Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. p. 2-BR. Retrieved October 11, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  17. ↑ Wood, Robert (January 21, 1975). "Walker To Decide If Buildings Safe At Pirates World". Fort Lauderdale News. Fort Lauderdale, Florida. p. 2C. Retrieved October 11, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  18. ↑ "Channel 51 TV Studio Bombed". Fort Lauderdale News. February 25, 1975. p. 1A. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved January 24, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  19. ↑ "Bomb Knocks TV Station off Air". Naples Daily News. February 25, 1975. p. 1B. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved January 24, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  20. ↑ "Cuban Exile Group Claims Credit For Studio Bombing". News-Press. Fort Myers, Florida. Associated Press. February 28, 1975. p. 6B. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved January 24, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  21. ↑ Faherty, Pat (September 4, 1975). "Dania Issues Pirates World Condemnation". Fort Lauderdale News. Fort Lauderdale, Florida. p. 1B. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved January 24, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  22. ↑ Faherty, Pat (October 6, 1975). "Dania OKs Reprieve On Park". Fort Lauderdale News. p. 1B. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved January 24, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  23. ↑ Anderson, Jack (June 5, 1975). "Ch. 51 Managing Company Offers to Buy TV Station". The Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. p. 16-C. Archived from the original on October 11, 2022. Retrieved October 11, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  24. ↑ Dunlop, Beth (June 17, 1976). "¿No Habla Usted Español? Here's Where You Can Learn Spanish". The Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. p. 1D, 6D. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved July 10, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  25. ↑ Niurka, Norma (July 1, 1977). "En el Canal 51: Se expande la programación en español" [On Channel 51: Spanish programming expands]. El Miami Herald (in Spanish). Miami, Florida. p. 9. Retrieved July 15, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  26. ↑ Benbow, Charles (December 10, 1975). "WEDU serves up exceptional fare". St. Petersburg Times Times. St. Petersburg, Florida. p. 3D. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved July 10, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  27. ↑ Webb Hatton, Nancy (July 9, 1978). "Dave Dixon presents the All Night Stink-o". The Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. p. Tropic 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved July 10, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  28. ↑ Pugh, Jeanne (October 27, 1979). "Nation's Newest Christian TV Station Begins Operations". St. Petersburg Times. pp. Crossroads 1, 4, 5. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved January 24, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  29. ↑ ON TV sign off into 51 After Hours
  30. ↑ Moran, Paul (June 22, 1982). "ON-TV expansion whips horseplayers' TV friend". Fort Lauderdale News. Fort Lauderdale, Florida. p. 6C. Archived from the original on March 13, 2021. Retrieved October 27, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  31. ↑ "Special Report: Subscription Television" (PDF). Broadcasting. August 16, 1982. pp. 32–45. ProQuest 962743875. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 30, 2020. Retrieved October 26, 2020 – via World Radio History.
  32. ↑ Woodlee, Yolanda W. (July 18, 1984). "ON TV lays off half its staff to save service". Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. p. 2BR. Archived from the original on October 29, 2020. Retrieved October 25, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  33. ↑ Jicha, Tom (July 26, 1984). "Prospective sale could turn ON-TV into Spanish outlet". The Miami News. p. 4C. Archived from the original on March 13, 2021. Retrieved October 27, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  34. ↑ Chrissos, Joan (November 1, 1986). "Miami TV: A Tale Of Two Stations Sharing Growth, Fighting For Ad Dollars". Billboard. pp. M-6, M-23. ProQuest 1438658642.
  35. ↑ Mitchell, Cyndi (July 31, 1984). "Oak Industries to Sell TV Station in Florida". Los Angeles Times. p. A. Archived from the original on January 18, 2021. Retrieved October 25, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  36. ↑ Edwards, John G. (October 3, 1984). "Fiancial News Network show leaving Channel 51". Fort Lauderdale News. p. 20C. Retrieved July 19, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  37. ↑ "Blair & Co. acquires Channel 51". The Miami News. Miami, Florida. December 7, 1984. p. 10A. Archived from the original on March 13, 2021. Retrieved October 27, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  38. ↑ "WSCV to schedule new local programs". Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. December 6, 1984. p. 9D. Archived from the original on March 13, 2021. Retrieved October 27, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
  39. ↑ Jicha, Tom (March 29, 1985). "Return of Ch. 51 en español reaches fine-tuning stage". The Miami News. Miami, Florida. p. 7B. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved July 10, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  40. ↑ Yáñez, Luisa (May 25, 1985). "Channel 51 start-up date's a guess for audience and station". The Miami News. p. 11A. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved February 10, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  41. ↑ Niurka, Norma (May 31, 1985). "Debuta el domingo el Canal 51 de televisión" [Television Channel 51 debuts Sunday]. El Miami Herald (in Spanish). Miami, Florida. p. 2. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved February 10, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  42. ↑ Niurka, Norma (June 4, 1985). "Salió al aire el Canal 51 en español" [Spanish-language Channel 51 signed on]. El Miami Herald (in Spanish). Miami, Florida. pp. 1, 2. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved February 10, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  43. ↑ Yáñez, Luisa (July 17, 1985). "Two Hispanic stations raiding on-air staffs in war for TV ratings". The Miami News. Miami, Florida. p. 6C. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved July 10, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  44. ↑ Duarte, Patricia (June 23, 1985). "La guerra de los canales" [The war of the stations]. El Miami Herald (in Spanish). Miami, Florida. pp. 15, 16. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved February 10, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  45. 1 2 Veciana-Suárez, Ana (July 23, 1987). "Julio Rumbaut took a big chance when he cast his lot with Channel 51. He's an Underdog Tackling the TV Giant". The Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. p. 1B, 3B. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved July 10, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  46. ↑ Pérez, Santos (June 25, 1985). "Baseball's a big hit on Spanish TV station". The Miami News. Miami, Florida. p. 3B. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved July 10, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  47. ↑ Richter, Paul (June 4, 1986). "Blair Agrees to Merge With a Steinberg Unit". Los Angeles Times. p. IV:2. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 10, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  48. ↑ "Firm buys Hispanic TV station". Asbury Park Press. Asbury Park, New Jersey. Associated Press. October 30, 1986. p. B22. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  49. ↑ "Telemundo TV Network to Air Nationally Tonight". The Wall Street Journal. January 12, 1987. ProQuest 398013667.
  50. ↑ Valle, Victor (February 25, 1987). "KVEA gains in Spanish-speaking market: A strong choice for Latino viewers". The Los Angeles Times. p. V:10. Archived from the original on July 12, 2021. Retrieved July 11, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  51. ↑ Leigh, Catesby (February 5, 1988). "Blackouts anger Channel 51 staff: 'Mad because of censorship,' news manager says". The Miami News. Miami, Florida. p. 5A. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved July 10, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  52. ↑ Feldstein Soto, Luis; Hart, Richard (February 5, 1988). "Channel 51 newscast goes black after workers' dispute". The Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. p. 1D, 5D. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved July 10, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  53. ↑ Parga, Beatriz (April 21, 1988). "Durán renuncia al 23 y se va al 51" [Durán resigns from 23 and goes to 51]. El Nuevo Herald (in Spanish). Miami, Florida. p. 1B. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved July 10, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  54. ↑ Parga, Beatriz (September 4, 1988). "Lanza el lunes un nuevo noticiero el Canal 51" [Channel 51 launches new newscast Monday]. El Nuevo Herald (in Spanish). Miami, Florida. p. 3C. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved July 10, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  55. ↑ Shaffer, Gina (March 29, 1990). "In the spotlight". The Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. p. Neighbors 14–15. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved July 10, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  56. ↑ Parga, Beatriz (January 3, 1991). "Channel 51 executive resigns in shakeup". The Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. p. 2B. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved July 10, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  57. 1 2 3 Martin, Lydia (July 20, 1992). "Newsroom purge leaves Callava as sole Ch. 51 anchor: Comeback hopes rest on her". The Miami Herald. Miami, Florida. p. 1C, 3C. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved July 10, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  58. ↑ James, Meg (October 12, 2001). "NBC to Acquire Telemundo Network for $1.98 Billion". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on March 7, 2016. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
  59. ↑ Trigoboff, Dan (September 7, 2003). "Bilingual Duopolies Redefine Big NBC Stations". Broadcasting & Cable. Archived from the original on March 6, 2021. Retrieved July 10, 2022.
  60. ↑ Malone, Michael (November 8, 2019). "WSCV Miami GM Carballo Gets Oversight of WTVJ". Broadcasting & Cable. Archived from the original on April 15, 2021. Retrieved July 10, 2022.
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