Walkden
Town
Trees and the bandstand in the Victorian Parr Fold Park.
Walkden is located in Greater Manchester
Walkden
Walkden
Location within Greater Manchester
Population35,616 (2014 estimate)[1]
OS grid referenceSD751030
• London169 mi (272 km) SE
Metropolitan borough
Metropolitan county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townMANCHESTER
Postcode districtM28
Dialling code0161
PoliceGreater Manchester
FireGreater Manchester
AmbulanceNorth West
UK Parliament

Walkden is a town[2] in the City of Salford in Greater Manchester, England,[3] six miles (ten kilometres) northwest of central Salford, and seven miles (eleven kilometres) of Manchester.

Walkden has been designated as one of seven main town centres in the City of Salford,[4] and now largely functions as a retail centre and commuter suburb of Greater Manchester.

Historically in the township of Worsley in Lancashire,[5] Walkden was a centre for coal mining and textile manufacture.

In 2014, the electoral wards of Walkden North, Walkden South and Little Hulton had a combined population of 35,616.[1]

History

The name Walkden or Walkeden derives from the Old English denu, a valley, belonging to a man possibly called Wealca (fuller), an Old English personal name. It has been in existence since at least the 13th century.[6] The name was recorded in documents dating to 1246.[7]

A Roman road crossed the area roughly on the line of the present A6 road through Walkden and Little Hulton.[8] In 1313, in a dispute involving land, a jury decided that Walkden was too small to be considered a hamlet or a town but was "only a place in Farnworth".[9]

In the 15th century Walkden appears to have covered a wider area than at present, spreading into Farnworth and Little Hulton.[10]

In 1765 "Walkden Moor" was the subject of a parliamentary Enclosure Act.[11] The Duke of Bridgewater was the biggest landowner in 1786, owning over half the land. At one time Walkden was dominated by coal mines and textile manufacturing.

Industrial heritage

Walkden's industrial history links are mainly to coal mining, but also to cotton mills. There were many shafts for small collieries sunk to the shallow coal seams of the Worsley Four Foot mine on land owned by the Egertons, the Lords of the Manor of Worsley which included Walkden.

Named shafts were, Speakman's, Edge Fold, Lloyd's and Hey's Field before 1770, Turnpike Lime, Barlow Fold, Scowcroft's, and Crippin's Croft before 1780, Pin Fold, Parr Fold and Tub Engine before 1790 and Grundy's Field, Stone, Windmill, Charlton's, and the Inclined Plane Pit all before 1800.

The Worsley Navigable Levels linked many of the mines to the Bridgewater Canal at Worsley.[12] The levels were used to transport coal from the mines of the Bridgewater Collieries in Walkden until railways were used as an improved form of transportation.[13]

After 1800 Urmston's Meadow, Moss Hill Top, Parkinson's and Sawney, Atkin's Croft, Barrack's, Magnall's, Ashton's Field and the Ellesmere were sunk but were independent of the levels.[12] Walkden Yard or NCB Central Workshops was situated south of High Street, close to Ellesmere Colliery was partly in Little Hulton.

It was built 1878 by the Bridgewater Trustees as a central works depot providing engineering services for their collieries and colliery railways. On the site there was a Drafting Office, Machine and Fitting workshop, Pump Shop, Joiners Shop, Electricians shop, Paint Shop, Blacksmith and Tinsmith Shop, Welders Shop, Locomotive Overhaul and Repair Shop, Waggon sheds and Waggon machine shop and a Conveyor Belt Repair Shop. The yard closed as a British Coal workshop in 1986 and is now a housing estate.[14]

Governance

Until 1894, Walkden lay within the township of Worsley in the ancient ecclesiastical parish of Eccles, within the Hundred of Salford in the historic county of Lancashire, although some parts including Linnyshaw and Toppings Bridge were within the parish of Deane.[15] Worsley Urban District Council, which included Walkden, was formed in 1894.

Walkden was amalgamated into the City of Salford metropolitan district of Greater Manchester in April 1974, as part of the provisions of the Local Government Act 1972, having previously formed part of the Worsley Urban District in the administrative county of Lancashire.[3] Walkden is divided into three electoral wards; Little Hulton, Walkden North and Walkden South. Walkden remains part of the Salford City Council administrative area.[16]

Walkden is part of the Worsley and Eccles South parliamentary constituency. Between 1983 and 2010 it was part of the Worsley parliamentary constituency. Between 1885 and 1983 Walkden lay in the now defunct Farnworth constituency[17] and before that, from 1868 to 1885, within the South East Lancashire constituency.

It is expected that, following the 2023 Boundary Commission Review, the electoral wards of Little Hulton, Walkden North and Walkden South will become part of the newly-formed Bolton South and Walkden borough Westminster UK Parliament constituency. [18]

Geography

The reservoir at Blackleach Country Park, which holds a Green Flag Award

Walkden has two main parks in the town, namely Blackleach Country Park and Parr Fold Park. Parr Fold Park is a Victorian park.[19]

Blackleach Country Park covers 50 hectares half-mile north of the town centre. The site is a designated local nature reserve. The reservoir was originally used by factories.[20]

The formerly derelict and badly polluted site at Blackleach was next to a chemical waste tip, and was crossed by a disused railway line. It was reclaimed and restored after a community campaign.[21]

A one tonne glacial erratic limestone boulder can be found in Parr Fold Park, indicated by an information sign. It is thought the provenance of the rock is linked to formations in the Lake District or South West Scotland, having been transported South to Walkden by melting ice 18,000 years ago.[22]

Both of the parks have been recognised in the Green Flag Awards.[23]

A small, gated angling pond can be found next to the Walkden Town Centre car park and can only be accessed by members. The site regularly holds fishing matches.[24]

Landmarks

Walkden Town Centre retail park

Walkden Town Centre

The main shopping destination in Walkden has been rebranded as Walkden Town Centre (previously The Ellesmere Centre), housing 447,000 sq ft of floor space.

The centre became the location for one of the largest Tesco stores in the UK when it opened in 2010. The centre has 2000 free car parking spaces and is visited by 150,000 shoppers every week. [25]

Other tenants in the Walkden Town Centre shopping centre and retail park include McDonalds, Costa Coffee, Dominos, KFC, Subway, Club3000 Bingo, Card Factory, Boots, Aldi, Pets at Home, Poundland, Nandos, Total Fitness and M&S. It was announced in 2022 that the bargain homeware retailer The Range would open a large 40,000 sq ft shop in the retail park, and this has been trading since November 2023. [26]

Despite £70 million being spent on Walkden Town Centre regeneration,[27] the centre has been subject to criticism for a leaking glass roof that covers the centre. An installation made up of plastic buckets hanging from the roof was placed by shopping centre managers Derwent Estates (the management company for The Derwent Group, which manages the assets of The Albert Gubay Charitable Foundation as a subsidiary company[28]), to make light of the issue. [29]

Plans were announced in 2017 for a 'Phase 5' development of Walkden Town Centre, and this included provision for a new cinema and plans to increase footfall in the old side of the centre.[30]

Subsequent plans have since been released for Egerton Walk and Victoria Square sections of the centre by The Derwent Group in October 2023. These include provision for new retail units, green space, a pedestrianised boulevard and a new shopping centre atrium, with works totalling at least £15 million. These new features would be built by November 2025, following planned demolition works. [31]

The Ellesmere Centre

The Ellesmere Centre had a clock-tower which is a replica of the Lady Bourke Clock which once stood by the NCB Offices in Bridgewater Road. It was taken down when the Tesco store was erected. The original clock was used to alert coal miners to the beginning or end of their shifts.

The workers claimed that they could not hear the clock strike once at 1.00pm to mark the end of dinnertime and the resumption of the working day, and it was altered to strike 13 times at 1.00pm, a tradition continued by the replica clock.[32]

The opening line of George Orwell's novel Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949), referring to the clocks striking thirteen, might have been inspired by his time in the area writing The Road to Wigan Pier (1937).

Historical Monuments

The Ellesmere Monument in St Paul's Churchyard was erected in 1868 to commemorate Harriet (d. 1866), wife of the 1st Earl of Ellesmere.[33] It was designed by T. G. Jackson, and inspired by the medieval Eleanor crosses.

It originally stood at the junction of the A6, A575 and B5232 roads but was moved into the churchyard in 1968 to reduce traffic congestion. Statues of four angels on the monument were stolen. A project to restore the monument was completed in 2006. It was later rebuilt.

Walkden Town Hall was demolished in 1999, to create extra car parking spaces for Walkden College.[34]

Parr Fold Park has a cenotaph memorial, which is the site of Walkden's annual war Remembrance Day services. There is also a memorial garden to remember dead service men and women.[35]

A large historic pub building in Walkden called the Bull’s Head Hotel.
The Bull’s Head Hotel on Manchester Road, Walkden

Public Houses (pubs)

The centre of Walkden has two large public houses, situated on Manchester Road. These are "The Stocks Hotel". and "The Bull's Head Hotel".

Transport

Bus services

There are extensive and frequent bus services in Walkden, linking the town with Manchester, Bolton and Leigh. Services include the 36 and 37 routes between Bolton and Manchester via Farnworth (37), Little Hulton (36) and Swinton.

The Stagecoach 38 route runs through Walkden and terminates at Manchester Piccadilly or Logistics North in Bolton.

The RHS1 bus route links Manchester City Centre, Walkden Station and the RHS Garden Bridgewater between 1 April and 1 October each year. [36]

Train Services

The exterior of Walkden railway station

Walkden once had two railway stations. In 1875, the London and North Western Railway opened a station on the Bolton-to-Eccles line known as Walkden Low Level. It was closed in 1954.[37]

The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway provided a station on the Manchester-to-Wigan line in 1888. Walkden railway station, originally known as "Walkden High Level railway station", remains open. Both lines were built as a result of the coal mining in the area.

According to 2006 figures, Walkden station (operated by Northern Rail) was used by over 150,000 passengers annually;[38] by 2012/2013 this had risen to 322,590.

Monday to Saturday daytimes, two trains per hour go eastbound to Manchester Victoria and two per hour towards Wigan - both trains continue to Wigan Wallgate westbound and one continues to Kirkby (down from three each way prior to the pandemic).

Only one train per day (weekdays and Saturdays) continues to Southport since the summer 2019 timetable change. All Sunday services continue to Southport. Most Manchester departures continue along the Caldervale Line to Todmorden, Burnley Manchester Road and Blackburn or to Leeds via Brighouse.[39]

On 11 March 2020, The Chancellor of The Exchequer announced that Walkden Station would be one of 12 stations to receive Access for All funding from Network Rail, in order to develop step-free access to the station.[40]

In April 2023, a Park and Ride facility for 107 cars was opened by Salford City Council. The site also includes a bike storage shed for 32 bikes, electric charging stations for electric vehicles and motorcycle bays.[41]

Active Travel

The Roe Green Loopline walking and cycle track near Walkden Road. The path overlays the site of a former railway track bed.[42]

The Roe Green Loopline passes through Walkden and is a 7.2 kilometre traffic-free, off-road walking and cycling route that starts in Monton and runs all the way to the Salford-Bolton border.

Works to the final two stretches of the route between Tynesbank and Mesne Lea School and between Anchor Lane and Mount Skip Lane were completed in summer 2016. [43]

Roads

Walkden is at the junction of A6 and the Bolton to Worsley A575. The East Lancashire Road (A580) passes to the south and connects to the M60 ring-road and the motorway network.

The M61 to the east of Walkden is in the Guinness Book of Records for being the widest section of motorway in Britain (there are 17 lanes side by side at Linnyshaw Moss).[44]

Education

Walkden has several primary schools, two high schools and a sixth form college which include Co-op Academy Walkden and The Lowry Academy. Until 2014 Walkden had three high schools, before the closure of St. George's RC High School in July 2014.[45]

An Ofsted inspection at Co-op Walkden Academy in July 2023 found that the school was rated as 'Good' in all areas. [46]

A number of the town's primary schools are church schools. They include: St Paul's, Crompton Street, and St Paul's, Heathside, which are both Church of England schools. Christ the King RC Primary School is the Roman Catholic primary school for Walkden, Worsley and Roe Green.

In addition there are three county primary schools - they are North Walkden Primary School in the north of the town and Mesne Lea Primary School and James Brindley Primary School in south Walkden.

Salford City College, a post-16 vocational college, has a campus located in Walkden on Walkden Road, close to the railway station.[47]

Religious buildings

St Paul's Church, Walkden

St Paul's Church was founded in 1838 in the church school and was originally known as St George's Chapel. The foundation stone for St. Paul's at Walkden Moor was laid in 1847 by Lady Brackley, daughter of the Earl of Ellesmere. The church cost £4,500 and was dedicated in 1848 by the Bishop of Manchester.

The church was extended in 1881 by the addition of the north aisle, built at a cost of £1,000 which was raised by the parishioners. The east windows date from 1884 and mosaic panels are from 1904.[48]

St John's Church was founded in 1876 in Walkden although most of its parish is in Little Hulton, it is part of the Walkden & Little Hulton Team Ministry.[49]

There are two Methodist churches, Walkden Methodist Church and Worsley Road North Methodist Church. Christ the King Roman Catholic Church serves the Roman Catholic communities of Walkden, Roe Green and Worsley.[50] There is also a Congregational church.[51]

Community

Salford City Council operate a large community hub, health centre and library in Walkden called Walkden Gateway.

There are several community groups based in the town, including:

Walkden has multiple sports teams and sports facilities the town, including:

Walkden featured in the news in 1994, when well-known British television host Richard Madeley was arrested for failing to pay for items, including champagne, on two occasions at Tesco supermarket in Walkden.[52]

Then British Prime Minister Theresa May visited Walkden during the 2017 Conservative Party Conference to meet a couple who had just bought a new build house using the government's Help to Buy Scheme.[53]

Walkden is known to have produced multiple actors and actresses who feature in the British soap opera Coronation Street, which is set in Salford.

Notable people

See also

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 See:
  2. ↑ "Walkden • Salford City Council". www.salford.gov.uk. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
  3. 1 2 Greater Manchester Gazetteer, Greater Manchester County Record Office, Place Names T to W, archived from the original on 18 July 2011, retrieved 3 April 2007
  4. ↑ "Salford Local Plan • Salford City Council" (PDF). www.salford.gov.uk. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
  5. ↑ Worsley Township Boundaries, genuki.org.uk, retrieved 27 April 2011
  6. ↑ Mills 1998, p. 362
  7. ↑ Gazeteer of Manchester Place Names, retrieved 24 September 2007
  8. ↑ Worsley and Walkden — local history, Salford.gov, retrieved 26 April 2011
  9. ↑ Farrer, William; Brownbill, J, eds. (1911), "Townships: Farnworth", A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 5, British History Online, pp. 34–39, retrieved 20 January 2010
  10. ↑ Farrer, William; Brownbill, J, eds. (1911), "Townships: Worsley", A History of the County of Lancaster: Volume 4, British History Online, pp. 376–392, retrieved 20 January 2010
  11. ↑ Moffit, Louis W (1 January 1963). England on the eve of the Industrial Revolution. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-7146-1345-1. Retrieved 3 October 2007.
  12. 1 2 Atkinson 1998, p. 67
  13. ↑ Walkden Pits, Walkden Local History, retrieved 17 January 2010
  14. ↑ Sweeney 1997, p. 361
  15. ↑ Great Britain Historical GIS Project (2004). "Descriptive Gazetteer Entry for Walkden (or Walkden Moor)". A vision of Britain through time. University of Portsmouth. Retrieved 20 September 2007.
  16. ↑ "Walkden • Salford City Council". www.salford.gov.uk. Retrieved 2 September 2023.
  17. ↑ "Review of Greater Manchester Boroughs". Archived from the original on 9 January 2007. Retrieved 20 September 2007.
  18. ↑ "Boundary Commission review of Parliamentary constituencies". 15 December 2022. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  19. ↑ Lythgoe, George (19 April 2022). "Parr Fold Park to get £303k revamp following funding approval". Manchester Evening News. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  20. ↑ Blackleach Country Park, Salford.gov, retrieved 17 January 2010
  21. ↑ Park life: Blackleach Country Park, BBC, retrieved 26 April 2011
  22. ↑ InvestWalkden (9 March 2023), English: A sign informs park visitors about the limestone glacial erratic one tonne boulder in Parr Fold Park (2023), retrieved 2 September 2023
  23. ↑ Harrison, Simone (21 July 2023). "Nine Salford outdoor spaces voted among the best in Britain". Salford Now. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  24. ↑ Greenhalgh, Chris (5 September 2020). "This is the place: Walkden is now one of the most sought-after suburbs in the UK". I Love Manchester. Retrieved 2 September 2023.
  25. ↑ Walkden Town Centre, retrieved 29 August 2023
  26. ↑ Whelan, Dan (10 June 2022). "The Range plots 40,000 sq ft Salford store". Place North West. Place North West. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
  27. ↑ Walkden, retrieved 29 August 2023
  28. ↑ "The Albert Gubay Foundation – The Derwent Group". www.thederwentgroup.com. Retrieved 2 September 2023.
  29. ↑ Halle-Richards, Sophie (13 November 2021). "'More buckets than people'...woman's hilarious pictures show leak-ridden shopping centre with no customers". Manchester Evening News. Reach PLC. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  30. ↑ "'Exciting' designs revealed for new cinema at shopping centre". The Bolton News. 7 November 2017. Retrieved 2 September 2023.
  31. ↑ "Derwent Group Plans Partial Demolition of Walkden Town Centre". Place North West. 4 October 2023. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
  32. ↑ Elsie gets a taste of the high life!, Bolton Evening News, retrieved 20 January 2010
  33. ↑ The University of the Third Age, retrieved 21 September 2007
  34. ↑ O'Rourke, Aidan (5 November 2006). "Walkden Town Hall under demolition 1999". eyewitness in Manchester. Manchester Online. Archived from the original on 5 November 2006. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
  35. ↑ "Parr Fold Park • Salford City Council". www.salford.gov.uk. Retrieved 2 September 2023.
  36. ↑ "RHS1 Worsley to Manchester City Centre bus route".
  37. ↑ Walkden Low Level Station, Subterranea Britannica, retrieved 20 January 2010
  38. ↑ "Railway Passenger Numbers 2005–06". Retrieved 30 September 2007.
  39. ↑ "N14 - Manchester to Southport and Kirkby Northern Timetable" (PDF).
  40. ↑ "Access for All – improving accessibility at railway stations nationwide". Network Rail. Retrieved 2 September 2023.
  41. ↑ "New park and ride in Walkden set to open • Salford City Council". www.salford.gov.uk. Retrieved 2 September 2023.
  42. ↑ Foster (I), Whitefoot (II), Catford (III). "Monton and Roe Green Loopline heritage trail" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  43. ↑ "Roe Green Loopline • Salford City Council". www.salford.gov.uk. Retrieved 2 September 2023.
  44. ↑ British Roads, retrieved 21 September 2007
  45. ↑ "Manchester Evening News". Retrieved 5 February 2015.
  46. ↑ "The secondary school that's finally ditched its poor Ofsted rating after a decade of hard work". Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  47. ↑ "Salford City College". Retrieved 5 February 2015.
  48. ↑ Walkden St Paul, Genuki, retrieved 17 January 2010
  49. ↑ St John the Baptist, Genuki, retrieved 17 January 2010
  50. ↑ Christ the King, Genuki, retrieved 17 January 2010
  51. ↑ Places of Worship, lan-opc.org, retrieved 20 January 2010
  52. ↑ McCormack, Kirsty (15 June 2022). "GMB viewers cringe as Richard Madeley discusses shoplifting in 'awkward' chat". mirror. Retrieved 2 September 2023.
  53. ↑ "My husband is no DIY specialist, jokes Theresa May". guernseypress.com. 2 October 2017. Retrieved 2 September 2023.

Bibliography

  • Atkinson, Glen (1998), The Canal Duke's Collieries Worsley 1760–1900, Neil Richardson (Second Edition), ISBN 978-1-85216-120-0
  • Mills, A.D. (1998), A Dictionary of English Place-Names, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-280074-4
  • Sweeney, D.J. (1997), A Lancashire Triangle Part Two, Triangle Publishing, ISBN 0-9529333-2-2
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