16th Lok Sabha
←15th Lok Sabha 17th Lok Sabha→
Old Parliament House, Sansad Marg, New Delhi, India
Overview
Legislative bodyIndian Parliament
Term26 May 2014 - 24 May 2019
Election2014 Indian general election
GovernmentFirst Modi ministry
Sovereign
PresidentRam Nath Kovind
Vice PresidentM. Venkaiah Naidu
House of the People
Members543
Speaker of the HouseSumitra Mahajan
Leader of the HouseNarendra Modi
Prime MinisterNarendra Modi
Leader of the OppositionVacant[lower-alpha 1]
Party controlNational Democratic Alliance

Members of the 16th Lok Sabha were elected during the 2014 Indian general election. The elections were conducted in 9 phases from 7 April 2014 to 12 May 2014 by the Election Commission of India.[1] The results of the election were declared on 16 May 2014.

The Bharatiya Janata Party (of the NDA) achieved an absolute majority with 282 seats out of 543, 166 seats more than in the previous 15th Lok Sabha. Its PM candidate Narendra Modi took office on 26 May 2014 as the 14th prime minister of India. The first session was convened from 4 to 11 June 2014.[2]

There was no leader of the opposition in the 16th Lok Sabha as the Indian Parliament rules state that a party in the Lok Sabha must have at least 10% (55) of the total seats (545) to be considered the opposition party. The Indian National Congress (of the UPA) could only manage 44 seats, while the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party from Tamil Nadu came a close third with 37 seats. Mallikarjun Kharge was declared the leader of the Indian National Congress in the Lok Sabha.[3]

Five sitting members from Rajya Sabha, the Upper House of Indian Parliament, were elected to 16th Lok Sabha after the 2014 Indian general election.[4]

The pro-tem Speaker Kamal Nath was administered oath on 4 June 2014[5] & presided over the election of the Speaker of the Lok Sabha. Sumitra Mahajan was elected as its Speaker on 6 June 2014[6] and would remain in office until the day before the first sitting of the 17th Lok Sabha.[7] M Thambidurai was elected as Deputy Speaker on 13 August 2014.[8]

Members

Seat distribution in the 16th Lok Sabha

Party-wise Distribution of Seats

Following 36 political parties were represented in 16th Lok Sabha:[9]

PartyAbbr.SeatsLeader in Lok Sabha
Bharatiya Janata PartyBJP282Narendra Modi
Indian National CongressINC44 Mallikarjun Kharge[10]
All India Anna Dravida Munnetra KazhagamAIADMK37Ponnusamy Venugopal / M. Thambidurai[11]
All India Trinamool CongressAITC33Sudip Bandyopadhyay[12]
Biju Janata DalBJD18Bhartruhari Mahtab
Shiv SenaSS18Anant Geete[13]
Telugu Desam PartyTDP15 Thota Narasimham[14]
Telangana Rashtra SamithiTRS10A. P. Jithender Reddy[15]
Communist Party of India (Marxist)CPI(M)9P. Karunakaran
Samajwadi PartySP7Mulayam Singh Yadav
Lok Janshakti PartyLJP6Ram Vilas Paswan[16]
Nationalist Congress PartyNCP6Supriya Sule
Aam Aadmi PartyAAP4Bhagwant Mann[17]
Rashtriya Janata DalRJD4Jay Prakash Narayan Yadav
Shiromani Akali DalSAD4Ranjit Singh Brahmpura
YSR Congress PartyYSRCP8Mekapati Rajamohan Reddy
All India United Democratic FrontAIUDF3Badruddin Ajmal
IndependentsIND3-
Rashtriya Lok Samta PartyRLSP3Upendra Kushwaha
Apna DalAD2Anupriya Patel
Indian National Lok DalINLD2Charanjeet Singh Rori
Indian Union Muslim LeagueIUML2E. T. Mohammed Basheer
Janata Dal (Secular)JD(S)2H. D. Deve Gowda
Janata Dal (United)JD(U)2Kaushalendra Kumar
Jharkhand Mukti MorchaJMM2Shibu Soren
All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul MuslimeenAIMIM1Asaduddin Owaisi
All India N.R. CongressAINRC1R. Radhakrishnan
Communist Party of IndiaCPI1C. N. Jayadevan
Jammu & Kashmir National ConferenceJKNC1Farooq Abdullah
Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic PartyJKPDP1Muzaffar Hussain Baig
Nationalist Democratic Progressive PartyNDPP1Tokheho Yepthomi
Pattali Makkal KatchiPMK1Anbumani Ramadoss
Rashtriya Lok DalRLD1Begum Tabassum Hasan
Revolutionary Socialist PartyRSP1N. K. Premachandran
Sikkim Democratic FrontSDF1Prem Das Rai
Swabhimani PakshaSWP1Raju Shetti
Nominated Anglo-Indians (Bharatiya Janata Party)NOM2Richard Hay and George Baker
Vacant26 [18] (Anantnag, Ongole, Kadapa, Nellore, Tirupati, Rajampet, Kottayam, Kendrapara, Tura, Katihar, Begusarai, Bangalore South, Wayanad, Kishanganj, Ladakh, Malkajgiri, Peddapalle, Chhindwara, Durg, Khajuraho, Dewas, Ajmer, Dausa, Aska, Viluppuram and Jadavpur)

Criminal background

Case-wise distribution of the 542 members of the 16th Lok Sabha.[19]

  With serious criminal cases (33.68%)
  With non-serious criminal cases (13.47%)
  Without any criminal cases (66%)

About one-third of all winners had at least one pending criminal case against them, with some having serious criminal cases.[20]

* Criteria for "serious" criminal cases:[19]

  1. Offence for which maximum punishment is of 5 years or more.
  2. If an offense is non-bailable.
  3. If it is an electoral offense (e.g. IPC 171E or bribery).
  4. Offence related to loss to the exchequer.
  5. Offences that are assault, murder, kidnap, rape-related.
  6. Offences that are mentioned in the Representation of the People Act (Section 8).
  7. Offences under the Prevention of Corruption Act.
  8. Crimes against women.

Compared to the 15th Lok Sabha, there was an increase of members with criminal cases. In 2009, 158 (30%) of the 521 members analysed had criminal cases, of which 77 (15%) had serious criminal cases.[19][21]

Financial background

Asset-wise distribution of the 543 members in the 16th Lok Sabha.[19]

  Assets > ₹10 crore (US$1.3 million) (24.35%)
  Assets between ₹5 crore (US$630,000) and ₹10 crore (US$1.3 million) (12.92%)
  Assets between ₹1 crore (US$130,000) and ₹5 crore (US$630,000) (44.46%)
  Assets < ₹1 crore (US$130,000) (18.27%)

As of May 2014, out of the 542 members analysed, 443 (82%) are having assets of ₹1 crore (US$130,000) or more. In the 15th Lok Sabha, out of 521 members analysed, 300 (58%) members had assets of ₹1 crore (US$130,000) or more.[19]

The average assets per member are ₹14.7 crore (US$1.8 million) (in 2009, this figure was ₹5.35 crore (US$670,000)).

Political partyNo. of membersAverage assets per member[19]
BJP281₹11.5 crore (US$1.4 million)
INC44₹13.2 crore (US$1.7 million)
AIADMK37₹6.4 crore (US$800,000)
AITC34₹2.5 crore (US$310,000)
Others146₹25.0 crore (US$3.1 million)
Total542 (Excluding Speaker)₹14.7 crore (US$1.8 million)

Age

Age-wise distribution of the 542 members in the 16th Lok Sabha as of 16 May 2018[22]

Age GroupNo. of members
Age> 808
Age between 71 and 8053
Age between 61 and 70161
Age between 51 and 60164
Age between 41 and 50103
Age <= 4046
A graph of % of bills referred to Parliamentary committees

Membership by party

No. of Lok Sabha MP's partywise :
(As on 25 August 2021)

Alliance Party No. of MPs Leader of the Party
National Democratic Alliance
Seats: 353		 BJP 282 Narendra Modi
AIADMK 37 M. Thambidurai
SHS 18 Vinayak Raut
SAD 4 Harsimrat Kaur Badal
Janata Dal (United) 2 Kaushalendra Kumar
LJP 6 Ram Vilas Paswan
AD(S) 2 Anupriya Patel
NDPP 1 T.Yepthomi
NPP 1 Agatha Sangma
SKM 1 I.H Subba
Independent 3 Independent
United Progressive Alliance
Seats: 78		 INC 44 Mallikarjun Kharge
TDP 17 K Ram Mohan Naidu
NCP 5 Supriya Sule
JKNC 3 Farooq Abdullah
IUML 3 E. T. Mohammed Basheer
Janata Dal (Secular) 2 H. D. Deve Gowda
JMM 2 Shibu Soren
RSP 1 Premchandran
VCK 1 T.Thirumavalan
Opposition - Others
Seats: 116
AITC 34 Sudip Bandyopadhyay
YSRCP 8 Midhun Reddy
BJD 21 Pinaki Misra
TRS 11 Nageswara Rao
SP 5 Mulayam Yadav
CPI(M) 9 P R Natarajan
CPI 1 K. Subbarayan
AIMIM 2 A. Owaisi
AAP 4 Bhagwant Mann

Bills

During the tenure of the 16th Lok Sabha, 21% of bills were referred to Parliamentary committees for examination[23][24]

Subsequent by-elections and vacancies

State Constituency Name of elected M.P. Party affiliation
Andhra Pradesh Ongole Y. V. Subba Reddy

(resigned on 20 June 2018)

 YSR Congress Party
Vacant
Kadapa Y. S. Avinash Reddy

(resigned on 20 June 2018)

 YSR Congress Party
Vacant
Nellore Mekapati Rajamohan Reddy

(resigned on 20 June 2018)

 YSR Congress Party
Vacant
Tirupati Varaprasad Rao Velagapalli

(resigned on 20 June 2018)

 YSR Congress Party
Vacant
Rajampet P. V. Midhun Reddy

(resigned on 20 June 2018)

 YSR Congress Party
Vacant
Assam Lakhimpur Sarbananda Sonowal

(resigned on 23 May 2016)

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Pradan Baruah

(elected on 22 November 2016)

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Bihar Araria Mohammed Taslimuddin

(died on 17 September 2017)[25]

 Rashtriya Janata Dal
Sarfaraz Alam

(elected on 14 March 2018)

 Rashtriya Janata Dal
Kishanganj Mohammad Asrarul Haque

(died on 7 December 2018)

 Indian National Congress
Vacant
Katihar Tariq Anwar

(resigned on 28 September 2018)

 Nationalist Congress Party
Vacant
Begusarai Bhola Singh

(died on 19 October 2018)

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Vacant
Chhattisgarh Durg Tamradhwaj Sahu

(resigned on 21 December 2018)

 Indian National Congress
Vacant
Gujarat Vadodara Narendra Modi

(resigned on 29 May 2014)[26]

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Ranjanben Bhatt

(elected on 16 September 2014)

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Jammu and Kashmir Srinagar Tariq Hameed Karra

(resigned on 18 October 2016)

 Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party
Farooq Abdullah

(elected on 15 April 2017)

 Jammu & Kashmir National Conference
Anantnag Mehbooba Mufti

(resigned on 4 July 2016)

 Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party
Vacant
Ladakh Thupstan Chhewang

(resigned on 13 December 2018)

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Vacant
Karnataka Bellary B. Sriramulu

(resigned on 18 May 2018)[27]

 Bharatiya Janata Party
V. S. Ugrappa

(elected on 6 November 2018)

 Indian National Congress
Shimoga B. S. Yeddyurappa

(resigned on 18 May 2018)[27]

 Bharatiya Janata Party
B. Y. Raghavendra

(elected on 6 November 2018)

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Mandya C. S. Puttaraju

(resigned on 21 May 2018)[27]

 Janata Dal
L. R. Shivarame Gowda

(elected on 6 November 2018)

 Janata Dal
Bangalore South Ananth Kumar

(died on 12 November 2018)

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Vacant
Kerala Wayanad M. I. Shanavas

(died on 21 November 2018)

 Indian National Congress
Vacant
Malappuram E. Ahamed

(died on 1 February 2017)

 Indian Union Muslim League
P. K. Kunhalikutty

(elected on 17 April 2017)

 Indian Union Muslim League
Kottayam Jose K. Mani

(ceased on 14 June 2018)

 Kerala Congress
Vacant
Madhya Pradesh Khajuraho Nagendra Singh

(resigned on 21 December 2018)

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Vacant
Shahdol Dalpat Singh Paraste

(died on 1 June 2016)

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Gyan Singh

(elected on 22 November 2016)

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Chhindwara Kamal Nath

(resigned on 17 December 2018)

 Indian National Congress
Vacant
Dewas Manohar Untwal

(resigned on 21 December 2018)

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Vacant
Ratlam Dileep Singh Bhuria

(died on 24 June 2015)[28]

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Kantilal Bhuria

(elected on 24 November 2015)[29]

 Indian National Congress
Maharashtra Bhandara–Gondiya Nanabhau Patole

(resigned on 8 December 2017)[30]

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Madhukar Kukde

(elected on 31 May 2018)

 Nationalist Congress Party
Palghar Chintaman Wanaga

(died on 30 January 2018)[31]

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Rajendra Gavit

(elected on 31 May 2018)

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Beed Gopinath Munde

(died on 3 June 2014)[32]

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Pritam Munde

(elected on 19 October 2014)

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Meghalaya Tura P. A. Sangma

(died on 4 March 2016)[33]

 National People's Party
Conrad Sangma[34]

(elected on 19 May 2016 and resigned on 4 September 2018)

 National People's Party
Vacant
Nagaland Nagaland Neiphiu Rio

(resigned on 22 February 2018)

 Naga People's Front
Tokheho Yepthomi

(elected on 31 May 2018)

 Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party
Odisha Kandhamal Hemendra Chandra Singh

(died on 5 September 2014)[35]

 Biju Janata Dal
Pratyusha Rajeshwari Singh

(elected on 19 October 2015)

 Biju Janata Dal
Kendrapara Baijayant Panda

(resigned on 18 July 2018)

 Biju Janata Dal
Vacant
Aska Ladu Kishore Swain

(died on 6 February 2019)

 Biju Janata Dal
Vacant
Punjab Gurdaspur Vinod Khanna

(died on 27 April 2017)[36]

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Sunil Jakhar

(elected on 15 October 2017)[37]

 Indian National Congress
Amritsar Amarinder Singh

(resigned on 23 November 2016)[38]

 Indian National Congress
Gurjeet Singh Aujla

(elected on 11 March 2017)[39]

 Indian National Congress
Rajasthan Alwar Chand Nath

(died on 17 September 2017)[40]

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Karan Singh Yadav

(elected on 1 February 2018)

 Indian National Congress
Dausa Harish Meena

(resigned on 24 December 2018)

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Vacant
Ajmer Sanwar Lal Jat

(died on 9 August 2017)[41]

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Raghu Sharma

(elected on 1 February 2018 and resigned on 21 December 2018)

 Indian National Congress
Vacant
Tamil Nadu Viluppuram S. Rajendran

(died on 23 February 2019)

 All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
Vacant
Telangana Peddapalle Balka Suman

(resigned on 17 December 2018)

 Telangana Rashtra Samithi
Vacant
Medak K. Chandrashekar Rao

(resigned on 27 May 2014)

 Telangana Rashtra Samithi
Kotha Prabhakar Reddy

(elected on 16 September 2014)

 Telangana Rashtra Samithi
Malkajgiri Malla Reddy

(resigned on 14 December 2018)

 Telugu Desam Party
Vacant
Warangal Kadiyam Srihari

(resigned on 11 June 2015)

 Telangana Rashtra Samithi
Pasunuri Dayakar

(elected on 24 November 2015)[42]

 Telangana Rashtra Samithi
Uttar Pradesh Kairana Hukum Singh

(died on 3 February 2018)[43]

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Begum Tabassum Hasan

(elected on 31 May 2018)

 Rashtriya Lok Dal
Mainpuri Mulayam Singh Yadav

(resigned on 29 May 2014)[44]

 Samajwadi Party
Tej Pratap Singh Yadav

(elected on 16 September 2014)

 Samajwadi Party
Phulpur Keshav Prasad Maurya

(resigned on 21 September 2017)[45]

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Nagendra Pratap Singh Patel

(elected on 14 March 2018)

 Samajwadi Party
Gorakhpur Yogi Adityanath

(resigned on 21 September 2017)[45]

 Bharatiya Janata Party
Praveen Kumar Nishad

(elected on 14 March 2018)

 Samajwadi Party
West Bengal Cooch Behar Renuka Sinha

(died on 17 August 2016)

 All India Trinamool Congress
Parthapratim Roy

(elected on 22 November 2016)

 All India Trinamool Congress
Bangaon Kapil Krishna Thakur

(died on 13 October 2014)

 All India Trinamool Congress
Mamata Thakur

(elected on 16 February 2015)

 All India Trinamool Congress
Jadavpur Sugata Bose

(resigned on 12 March 2019)

 All India Trinamool Congress
Vacant
Uluberia Sultan Ahmed

(died on 4 September 2017)[46]

 All India Trinamool Congress
Sajda Ahmed

(elected on 1 February 2018)

 All India Trinamool Congress
Tamluk Suvendu Adhikari

(resigned on 19 May 2016)

 All India Trinamool Congress
Dibyendu Adhikari

(elected on 22 November 2016)

 All India Trinamool Congress

Notes

  1. ↑ Mallikarjun Kharge served as the Leader of the Indian National Congress Party in the Lok Sabha. There was no official opposition, as no opposition party received at least 55 seats. The INC had a plurality (44) seats in the chamber, however.

References

  1. ↑ "General Elections – 2014 : Schedule of Elections" (PDF). 5 March 2014. Retrieved 5 March 2014.
  2. ↑ "First Session of 16th Lok Sabha scheduled from June 4 to 11". IANS. news.biharprabha.com. Retrieved 30 May 2014.
  3. ↑ "Kharge to lead Congress in Lok Sabha". @businessline. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  4. ↑ "Bye - elections to the Council of State s from various States" (PDF). ECI, New Delhi. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
  5. ↑ Ashok, Akash Deep (4 June 2014). "Pro tem Speaker: All you need to know about this parliamentary post". India Today. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  6. ↑ "Sumitra Mahajan elected Lok Sabha Speaker | India News - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  7. ↑ "The Office of Speaker Lok Sabha". speakerloksabha.nic.in. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  8. ↑ "Thambidurai unanimously elected Lok Sabha deputy speaker". Rediff. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
  9. ↑ "Members : Lok Sabha". 164.100.47.194.
  10. ↑ "Rahul ducks, Kharge to lead Congress in Lok Sabha". Hindustan Times. 2 June 2014.
  11. ↑ L. Renganathan (18 August 2014). "Venugopal to become AIADMK leader in LS". The Hindu. Retrieved 19 August 2014.
  12. ↑ "Sudip Bandopadhyay to be TMC party leader in Lok Sabha". Kolkata: Zee News. 18 May 2014. Retrieved 23 May 2014.
  13. ↑ "Sena MP's 'saffron flag atop Red Fort' remark invites Opposition ire". Indian Express. 11 June 2014. Retrieved 11 June 2014.
  14. ↑ "Satyanarayana Chowdary named TDP Parliamentary Party leader". The Economic Times. 4 June 2014. Retrieved 11 June 2014.
  15. ↑ "Jitender Reddy to lead TRS MPs in LS". The Hindu. Hyderabad. 3 June 2014. Retrieved 11 June 2014.
  16. ↑ "Ram Vilas Paswan elected LJSP parliamentary party leader". The Economic Times. 19 May 2014. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
  17. ↑ "Aam Aadmi party rebels get the boot but it's Ashish Khetan kicking and screaming". 22 April 2015.
  18. ↑ "Members : Lok Sabha". 164.100.47.194.
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Association for Democratic Reforms". Archived from the original on 31 May 2014. Retrieved 31 May 2014.
  20. ↑ "A third of MPs have criminal cases, Shiv Sena tops list: report". NDTV.com.
  21. ↑ "Every third newly-elected MP has criminal background - The Times of India". The Times of India.
  22. ↑ "Members: Lok Sabha". 164.100.47.194.
  23. ↑ "The Importance of Parliamentary Committees". PRS Legislative Research. Retrieved 29 November 2021.
  24. ↑ "Only one bill in monsoon session sent to parliamentary committee". mint. 13 August 2016. Retrieved 29 November 2021.
  25. ↑ "mohammed taslimuddin: RJD leader and former Union minister Mohammed Taslimuddin dies aged 74 | India News". The Times of India. 18 September 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  26. ↑ "Narendra Modi quits Vadodara, retains Varanasi". The Indian Express. 30 May 2014. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  27. 1 2 3 "Yeddyurappa, Sriramulu and Puttaraju tender resignation to MP post". Uniindia.com. 19 May 2018. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  28. ↑ "BJP Lok Sabha Member Dileep Singh Bhuria Dies at 71". NDTV. 25 June 2015.
  29. ↑ "Congress wrests back Ratlam in Madhya Pradesh from BJP in by-election, its tally goes up to 45 in Lok Sabha". CNN-IBN. 24 November 2015.
  30. ↑ "BJP MP Nana Patole quits Lok Sabha, to work for Congress". The Hindu. 8 December 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  31. ↑ "Chintaman Wanga: BJP MP Chintaman Wanaga passes away, budget presentation unlikely to be affected – The Economic Times". The Economic Times. 30 January 2018. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  32. ↑ "Union minister Gopinath Munde dies in road accident in Delhi | India News". The Times of India. 3 June 2014. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  33. ↑ "Former Lok Sabha speaker P.A. Sangma passes away". The Hindu. 5 March 2016. Retrieved 11 August 2016.
  34. ↑ "Conrad Sangma wins Tura LS bypoll by nearly 2 lakh votes". Business Standard. 19 May 2016. Retrieved 11 August 2016.
  35. ↑ "BJD MP Hemendra Chandra Singh dead". The Hindu. Retrieved 5 September 2014.
  36. ↑ "Vinod Khanna death : R.I.P: Famous Actor Vinod Khanna Passes Away in Mumbai – News From Bollywood". Navbharat Times. 27 April 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  37. ↑ "Counting begins for byelection of Gurdaspur LS seat". Jagran.com. 15 October 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  38. ↑ "Lok Sabha Speaker accepts resignation of Amarinder Singh". The Indian Express. 24 November 2016. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  39. ↑ "Congress wins Amritsar Lok Sabha bypolls, AAP candidate third – Janta Ka Reporter 2.0". Jantakareporter.com. 11 March 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  40. ↑ "Rajasthan: BJP MP from Alwar Mahant Chandnath passes away". Hindustan Times. 17 September 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2017.
  41. ↑ "Former Union minister Sanwarlal Jat passes away at 62". The Indian Express. 9 August 2017. Retrieved 9 August 2017.
  42. ↑ "Telangana: TRS retains Warangal Lok Sabha seat". The Indian Express. 24 November 2015.
  43. ↑ "BJP MP from Uttar Pradesh Hukum Singh dead". The New Indian Express. 7 February 2018.
  44. ↑ "Narendra Modi vacates Vadodara seat, Mulayam resigns from Mainpuri". Livemint. Press Trust of India. 5 June 2014. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  45. 1 2 "UP CM Yogi Adityanath, deputy CM Maurya resign from Lok Sabha". The Economic Times. 21 September 2017.
  46. ↑ "TMC MP Sultan Ahmed passes away after suffering cardiac arrest". The Indian Express. 4 September 2017.
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