1897 Cisleithanian Imperial Council election

March 1897
All 425 seats in the Imperial Council 213 seats needed for a majority
First party Second party Third party   Leader Josef Kaizl Party NSS DLVP PKK Alliance Bohemian Club German Progressive Parties Poland Club Leader since 1895 Last election 9.15% 32.81% 11.62% Seats won 53 50 46 Popular vote 64,546 81,291 26,161 Percentage 6.09% 7.79% 2.46% Swing 3.06% 25.02% 9.16%   Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party   Leader Karl Lueger Otto Steinwender Josef Maria Baernreither Party CS DVP VSGGB Alliance Christian Social Union Association of German People's Parties Union of Constitutionalist Landowners Leader since 1893 1896 1885 Last election 12.60% New 0.78% Seats won 39 31 23 Popular vote 372,395 48,000 2,288 Percentage 35.15% 4.53% 0.23% Swing 22.55% 4.53% 0.55%
Minister-President of Cisleithania before election Kasimir Felix Badeni FP Elected Minister-President of Cisleithania Kasimir Felix Badeni FP

Politics of Austria-Hungary
Compromise of 1867
Government Dual Monarchy Foreign Ministry Foreign Minister Foreign Service Foreign Diplomacy
Cisleithania Emperor of Austria (List) Crown of Saint Wenceslas Imperial Council House of Lords House of Representatives Minister-President
Transleithania King of Hungary (List) Crown of Saint Stephen Royal Diet House of Magnates House of Representatives Prime Minister
Subdivisions Cisleithania Austria above the Enns Austria below the Enns Bohemia Bukovina Carinthia Carniola Cracow Dalmatia Galicia and Lodomeria Gorizia and Gradisca Istria Moravia Salzburg Silesia Styria Trieste Tyrol Vorarlberg Transleithania Croatia (until 1868) Croatia-Slavonia (from 1868) Fiume Hungary Slavonia (until 1868) Military Frontier (until 1882) Condominium Bosnia and Herzegovina
Related Settlement of 1868 Treaty of Berlin Bosnian Crisis Treaty of Saint-Germain Treaty of Trianon United States of Greater Austria
Other countries

Legislative elections to elect the members of the ninth Imperial Council were held in March 1897 in Cisleithania, the northern and western ("Austrian") crown lands of Austria-Hungary. These elections were first in Cisleithania held under the curial system with universal, but still not equal, suffrage.^[1]

Badeni electoral reform

Count Kasimir Felix Badeni had led the Cisleithanian government since 1895. In February 1896, the government submitted a proposal for fundamental reform of the electoral system. The so-called Badeni electoral reform kept the curial electoral system, but in addition to four existing curiae (landowners, trade and industry chambers, large and medium farmers, and male city residents who were annually paying at least 10 guilders of taxes), the fifth, general curia, was added. While voting rights were limited in the four original curiae (fiscally defined, therefore, allowing voting to only those who have paid taxes on prescribed minimum amount), the fifth curia included all men older than 24. In May 1896, Badeni electoral reform was approved by the Imperial Council.^[2]

Results

Voting took place in several stages during March 1897, with the last elections being held in the fifth curia on March 12, 1897.^[3]

The elections significantly changed relations in the Imperial Council, with a strong trend in the degradation of the original dominant German Progressive Party being set. This trend went in favor of the newly founded German People's Party and the Christian Social Party. The elections also brought a further fragmentation of the political scene; the three strongest parliamentary clubs (Young Czechs, Polish Club, and German Progressive Party) had only 168 seats, and the new Imperial Council had 17 parliamentary clubs. Meanwhile, the Social Democrats were still weakening, winning only 15 seats.^[4]

Aftermath

After the elections, Badeni tried to negotiate with the aim of creating a stable pro-government parliamentary majority. However, he did not consider the German Progressive Party or the radical nationalist Pan-German League, but preferred to try to gain support among conservative German-Austrian politicians, including the liberal German Constitutional Party. After the German Constitutional Party refused to give support to the minority government, Badeni announced on April 2, 1897 that his government would resign, but did not go through with the resignation. Meanwhile, negotiations on forming a government continued. On April 4, a framework agreement was set, effectively restoring the conservative so-called Iron Circle from the 1880s, which consisted of the German Catholic People's Party, the Young Czech Party, the Polish club and the Czech Party of Conservative Landowners. Badeni remained Prime Minister. However, the government did not last long as Badeni resigned on November 28, 1897 under the pressure from the German nationalists over the language regulations.^[5]

References