Class overview
BuildersC & C Marine and Repair
OperatorsGoogle
Built2011–2013
In service2013–2015
General characteristics
TypeBarge
Tonnage2164 tons
Length249.6 feet (76.1 m)
Beam72 feet (22 m)
Depth16 feet (4.9 m)
NotesAll 4 barges sold
BAL0010 being demolished in Seattle, Washington, May 2016

The Google barges were a group of four floating barges built between 2010 and 2012, intended by Google to serve as "an interactive space where people can learn about new technology",[1][2] possibly as luxury showrooms for Google Glass and other products on an invitation-only basis.[3] Google halted work on the barges in late 2013 and began selling off the barges in 2014.[4][5]

Two of the barges (one San Francisco barge and the former Portland barge) have or had a superstructure consisting of four stories of modern shipping containers welded together. Most of these containers have small slits that may serve as windows. Each superstructure had a container that slants down to ground level at a shallow angle. CBS sources claimed that the first three floors were intended to serve as a showroom, while the upper floor was designated as a party deck.[3] The San Francisco structure had poles at the top that may be antennas, and was described as eventually being decorated with gigantic sails, and being moved among sites in the San Francisco Bay Area as a "temporary technology exhibit space" to "drive visitation to the waterfront".[6]

Google may have built the structures on barges to avoid mandatory city building permits and public plans that may disclose their purpose.[7] Ultimately, however, the time and cost of meeting federal maritime safety regulations may have prompted Google to abandon the project.[5]

Timeline

The earliest revealed barge, BAL0011, was built in 2011 and was first spotted in New London, Connecticut, where Turner Construction started construction of the superstructure in May 2013, according to The Day. Another barge of identical size was docked behind it, but no superstructure was visible, and workers hadn't been there in several weeks.[8] The local Coast Guard refused to provide additional information on the barge, which led The Day to file a FOIA request with the Coast Guard for documents on the project. On July 1, 2013, Coast Guard Sector Long Island Sound held a conference call with Michael Tierney of Google Glass, where it was described that the vessel would travel from port to port, starting with New York Harbor. The containers had been shipped from San Francisco to be assembled in New London.[9]

On October 9, 2013, BAL0011 was tugged to Portland, Maine,[10] where it arrived the next day. As described by the Portland Press Herald, the superstructure is 4 containers long, wide and high, with one slanted container for access, for a total of 63 containers. Each of the upper three floors has doors at each end. Looking through some of the windows reveals windows on the other side, which suggests open interior space created by removing container walls.[11] Cianbro Corp., a general services contractor, was scheduled to perform "a significant amount of interior work, including the installation of undisclosed technological equipment" on the structure, without offloading it from the barge.[12] Peter Vigue, chairman and CEO of Cianbro, refused to discuss any details, but stated that the final destination of the barge was not Maine.

On October 25, CNET reporter Daniel Terdiman chronicled his visit to Treasure Island, San Francisco, a former U.S. Navy base, where a very similar barge (BAL0010) was moored, and where a construction facility called Hangar 3 is located.[13][14] Satellite imagery showed shipping containers being amassed at Hangar 3, and later moved onto a floating barge moored alongside the adjacent pier. Terdiman uncovered the link to By And Large LLC (possibly simple rhyming slang for "barge"[6]), a dummy company set up by Google. By And Large leased a total of 727,000 sq. ft for US$80,000/month plus a US$158,000 security deposit.[3] A few hours later, Terdiman also linked the San Francisco barge to the Portland barge, identified as BAL0011.[15][16]

On the same day, KPIX-TV/CBS cited sources close to Google claiming the barge would be a "marketing center for Google Glass" and once completed, would be towed to Fort Mason and open to public access. However, construction had stopped several weeks previously due to a lack of permits. A San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission official (later identified in a video interview as executive director Larry Goldzband[17]), was quoted as saying that Google discussed "hypothetical operations" but hadn't stated the exact purpose of the barge, which is necessary for the issuance of a permit for waterfront docking.[18]

On October 30, CNBC's Josh Lipton reported that the Coast Guard confirmed the structure is associated with Google, but wouldn't comment further.[19] Other US Coast Guard Sector San Francisco officials confirmed[20] and later retracted[21] the Google connection, while confirming that the Coast Guard did visit the Treasure Island barge.[22]

On October 31, a Fort Mason official confirmed that Google had held initial discussions on docking a floating barge at a pier there.[23]

On November 6, 2013, Google commented for the first time, sending an email statement to several news outlets stating,[1][2][24]

Although it's still early days and things may change, we're exploring using the barge as an interactive space where people can learn about new technology.

The next day, the San Francisco Chronicle published a set of documents obtained under the Freedom of Information Act from the Port of San Francisco, which confirm the use of the Treasure Island barge as a "temporary technology exhibit space" by By and Large LLC.[6] Google envisioned it to be an "unprecedented artistic structure", adorned with gigantic sails, to be moored for a month at a time at sites around the San Francisco Bay Area to "drive visitation to the waterfront". Later, the barge would be sailed to San Diego and other West Coast ports. The design was done by Gensler and LOT-EK.[6]

On July 31, 2014, the Portland Press Herald reported that at least one of the barges had been sold, and that its superstructure was being scrapped.[25]

In November 2014, the Wall Street Journal and other media outlets reported that the Google barge project had been cancelled due to costs associated with meeting federal maritime safety regulations. The reports indicate that this decision occurred in the fall of 2013, even as Google continued to release statements that the project was still in its early days.[5]

List of barges

All four barges were built by C & C Marine and Repair, have a hull depth of 16 ft, are owned by By and Large LLC (apparently a shell company set up by Google[14]), were previously owned by Cibco Barge Line LLC, and list San Francisco as their hailing port.

List of barges presumed to be part of the project
Name USCG Doc. No. Type Year built Length Breadth Gross tonnage Documentation issuance date Previous vessel names Notes
BAL0001 (sold) 1225102 Freight barge2010249.6 ft72 ft2164 September 12, 2013 CIB 721 No superstructure;[14] container outfit and assembly started
BAL0010 (sold) 1233697 Passenger barge (inspected)2011260.1 ft72.1 ft2520 January 29, 2013 CIB 723 The barge that first attracted wide press coverage.[14] Being demolished, May 2016
BAL0011 (sold) 1230780 Passenger barge (inspected)2011260.1 ft72.1 ft2520 February 12, 2013 CIB 722 Barge sold and towed from Portland, Maine
BAL0100 (sold) 1243694 Freight barge2012249.6 ft72 ft2164 September 12, 2013 CIB 724 No superstructure[8]

The last four digits of the barge names are the binary numbers for '1', '2', '3' and '4': '0001', '0010', '0011' and '0100' respectively.[26]

Three other freight barges of identical specifications built by C&C Marine and owned or previously owned by CIBCO BARGE LINE LLC exist – CIB 100, CIB 101, and CIB 725, all with a hailing port of New Orleans.[27]

Intended use

In the two weeks after CNET brought the barges' existence to light, Google refused to comment on their purpose. Eventually, Google stated that it was "exploring using the [San Francisco] barge as an interactive space where people can learn about new technology."[1]

Fig. 2, US Patent 7,525,207, "Water-based data center" (Google Inc., 2009)

Before Google's statement, one speculative hypothesis was that the barges would be towed from city to city, along the coast and via rivers, to serve as stores for Google Glass. Arguments for this hypothesis included statements from sources close to Google and from Fort Mason officials, where Google discussed docking one of the barges. A Google Glass official, Michael Tierney, was documented as having discussed the project with the Coast Guard Sector Long Island Sound. CNET speculated that the unusual container-based structure was intended to contrast Apple's architectural style (usually open and filled with natural light).[28] Arguments against this noted the lack of exits and the impracticality of building a store out of shipping containers that partition the interior space.[28]

Data barges

Others hypothesized that the barges might serve as near-shore seafaring data centers, citing Google's patent, granted in 2009, for platforms and support systems floating three to seven miles offshore in water 50 to 70 meters (160 to 230 ft) deep, using wave energy for power and sea water for server cooling, grouped into floating platforms and support systems.[29] Other supporting factors for this theory included Google's history of locating data centers in places with inexpensive cooling,[30] their previous use of seawater for natural cooling at its Hamina, Finland data center,[31] the absence of windows in the containers (making them less suitable for human habitation), and Google's history of secrecy regarding its data centers, a core competitive advantage.[32] CNET quoted an independent marine engineer who was involved in a project to build a water-based backup data center for Google several years ago as saying that Google may be completing that project.[28]

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Google Says Its Mystery Barges May Be Used As Interactive Space Where People Can Learn About Its Technology". TechCrunch.
  2. 1 2 "Google's mysterious secret barges off US coasts: THE TRUTH". The Register.
  3. 1 2 3 Ken Bastida (October 31, 2013). "Google's Secret Revealed: Barge To Offer High-End Showrooms, Party Deck". CBS.
  4. ↑ Brandon Bailey (2014-08-01). "Google confirms selling a mystery barge". San Jose Mercury News. Retrieved 2015-04-07.
  5. 1 2 3 Chris Morran (2014-11-07). "What Happened To Those Google Barges?". Consumerist. Retrieved 2017-01-15.
  6. 1 2 3 4 "Google barge mystery unfurled". SFGate. November 8, 2013.
  7. ↑ "Google's Secrecy Surrounding Barge May Backfire". November 5, 2013.
  8. 1 2 Jennifer McDermott (September 28, 2013). "So ... what's the big secret out at State Pier?". The Day.
  9. ↑ Jennifer McDermott (October 31, 2013). "New London mystery solved: Floating structure linked to Google". The Day (New London).
  10. ↑ Jennifer McDermott (October 9, 2013). "Mysterious building, barge leave Thames River for Maine". The Day.
  11. ↑ Tom Bell (October 29, 2013). "Mystery barges offer more clues, jokes that a geek would love". Portland Press Herald.
  12. ↑ Tom Bell (October 23, 2013). "Clues emerge about mystery structure on barge in Portland Harbor". Portland Press Herald.
  13. ↑ "Hangar 3". City & County of San Francisco - Treasure Island Development Authority. Archived from the original on 2013-10-30.
  14. 1 2 3 4 Daniel Terdiman (October 25, 2013). "Is Google building a hulking floating data center in SF Bay?". CNET.
  15. ↑ Daniel Terdiman (October 25, 2013). "Google could have a floating data center in Maine, too". CNET.
  16. ↑ Tom Bell (October 26, 2013). "Mystery Portland barge and San Francisco barge appear linked". Portland Press Herald.
  17. ↑ Allen Martin (October 28, 2013). "Google Reportedly Building More Floating Structures Outside Bay Area Google Reportedly Building More Floating Structures Outside Bay Area". CBS.
  18. ↑ Allen Martin (October 25, 2013). "Massive Barge On San Francisco Bay Likely Secret Google Facility". CBS.
  19. ↑ "Google's mystery barge causes stir in San Francisco". Today.
  20. ↑ Ronnie Cohen; Alexei Oreskovic (October 29, 2013). "Google takes secrecy to new heights with mystery barge". Reuters.
  21. ↑ "Coast Guard confirms Google involvement in mystery barge". Portland Press Herald. October 30, 2013.
  22. ↑ "Coast Guard Statement Regarding Barge BAL0010". 11th Coast Guard District PAO. October 31, 2013.
  23. ↑ Newton, Casey (October 31, 2013). "Google plans to dock mystery barge at former Army post in San Francisco". The Verge.
  24. ↑ "Google ends mystery: barge to be 'interactive space'". Agence France-Presse.
  25. ↑ Tom Bell (2014-07-31). "Scrap the mystery: High-tech vision for Google barge crumbles in a heap". Portland Press Herald. Retrieved 2017-01-15.
  26. ↑ Binary number#Binary counting
  27. ↑ "Vessel Documentation Search By Name". NOAA Fisheries: Office of Science & Technology. October 30, 2013.
  28. 1 2 3 Daniel Terdiman (October 27, 2013). "San Francisco's bay barge mystery: Floating data center or Google Glass store?". CNET.
  29. ↑ US patent 7525207,, Clidaras, Jimmy; Stiver, David W. & Hamburgen, William, "Water-based data center", published 2008-08-28, issued 2009-04-28, assigned to Google Inc.
  30. ↑ Daniel Terdiman (June 29, 2006). "Jostling to get inside Google's Oregon outpost". CNET.
  31. ↑ "Water and cooling". Efficiency: How we do it.
  32. ↑ "Google Throws Open Doors to Its Top-Secret Data Center". Wired. October 17, 2012. For years Google didn't share what it was up to. "Our core advantage really was a massive computer network, more massive than probably anyone else's in the world", says Jim Reese, who helped set up the company's servers. "We realized that it might not be in our best interest to let our competitors know."
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