The Huayquerian (Spanish: Huayqueriense) age is a period of geologic time (9.0–6.8 Ma) within the Late Miocene epoch of the Neogene, used more specifically within the SALMA classification. It follows the Chasicoan and precedes the Montehermosan age.[1]
Etymology
The age is named after the Huayquerías Formation in the western Cuyo Basin of northwestern Argentina that was later dated to the Montehermosan. The most complete Huayquerian fauna is found in the Cerro Azul Formation, in Buenos Aires Province also referred to as Epecuén Formation.
Formations
Locations of Huayquerian formations
Fossil content
| Group | Fossils | Formation | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mammals | Cyonasua pascuali, Huayqueriana cristata | Huayquerías | |
| Australophoca changorum, Brachydelphis jahuayensis, Thalassocnus natans, Acrophoca sp., Balaenoptera sp., ?Nanosiren sp., Odobenocetops sp., Piscophoca sp., Pliopontos sp., Pontistes sp., Balaenopteridae indet., Delphinoidea indet., Istiophoridae indet., Kogiidae indet., Monachinae indet., Odontoceti indet., Phocidae indet., Phocoenidae indet., Physeteroidea indet., Xiphiidae indet. | Bahía Inglesa | ||
| Arazamys castiglionii, Kiyumylodon lecuonai, Kraglievichia paranense, Lestobradys sprechmanni, Neoglyptatelus uruguayensis, Pseudoplohophorus absolutus, Euphractini indet. | Camacho | ||
| Hyperdidelphys pattersoni, Microtragulus rusconii, Neocavia pampeana, Palaeoctodon aff. simplicidens, Pampamys emmonsae, Pliolestes venetus, Reigechimys plesiodon, R. simplex, Thylacosmilus atrox, Thylamys pinei, Thylatheridium dolgopolae, T. hudsoni, Zygolestes tatei, Eumysops sp., Sparassocynidae indet. | Cerro Azul | ||
| Eosclerocalyptus planus, Orthomyctera andina, ?Palaeocavia mawka, Cardiomys sp., Chasicotatus sp., Chorobates sp., Diadiaphorus sp., Gyriabrus sp., Lagostomus (Lagostomopsis) sp., Paedotherium sp., Paleuphractus sp., Paranamys sp., Potamarchus sp., Proscelidodon sp., Protabrocoma sp., Stromaphorus sp., Tetrastylus sp., Typotheriopsis sp., Vassallia sp., Vetelia sp., Xotodon sp. | Chiquimil | ||
| Balaena dubia, Notictis ortizi, Ischyrorhynchus vanbenedeni, Otaria fischeri, Palaeobalaena bergi, P. dubia, Phugatherium cataclisticum, Pontistes rectifrons, Pontivaga fischeri, Ribodon limbatus, Saurocetes argentinus, Stylocynus paranensis, Toxodon paranensis, Chironectes sp. | Entrerriana | ||
| Aspidocalyptus castroi, Borhyaenidium musteloides, Chorobates villosissimus, Coscinocercus brachyurus, C. marcalaini, Cyonasua brevirostris, C. prebrevirostris, Doellotatus chapadmalensis, Elassotherium altirostre, Eoauchenia cingulata, Epecuenia thoatherioides, Hemihegetotherium lazai, Macrauchenia sp., Macrochorobates scalabrinii, Macroeuphractus morenoi, Paedotherium minor, Phtoramys hidalguense, Pisanodon nazari, Plohophorus araucanus, Pseudotypotherium carhuense, Tetrastylus araucanus, Thylacosmilus atrox, Thylatheridium dolgopolae, T. hudsoni, Cardiomys sp., Eosclerocalyptus sp., Lagostomus sp., Lutreolina sp., Orthomyctera sp., Palaeocavia sp., Paleuphractus sp., Plesiomegatherium sp., Proeuphractus sp., Promacrauchenia sp., Thylamys sp., Hydrochoeridae indet. | Epecuén | ||
| Cardiatherium calingastaense | Las Flores | ||
| Amazonycteris divisus | Içá | ||
| Mionothropus cartellei | Iñapari | ||
| "Microtragulus ameghino" | India Muerta | ||
| ?Adinotherium paranense, Amphiocnus paranense, Brachytherium cuspidatum, Cardiatherium paranense, Chasicotatus spinozai, Chlamyphractus pressulus, Comaphorus concisus, Cyonasua argentina, Dasypus neogaeus, Diadiaphorus paranensis, Dilobodon lutarius, Dinotoxodon paranensis, Eleutherocercus paranensis, Eomegatherium nanum, Eumysops parodii, Eutomodus elautus, Haplodontherium limun, Hoplophorus verus, Kraglievichia paranense, Macroeuphractus retusus, Megabradys darwini, Megalonychops primigenius, Mesopotamocnus brevirostrum, Munyizia paranensis, Neobrachytherium ameghinoi, Neobrachytherium mesopotamiense, Neoepiblema ambrosettianus, N. horridula, Neohapalops rothi, Notictis ortizi, Octomylodon aversus, Ortotherium laticurvatum, O. robustum, Oxyodontherium piramydatus, O. zeballosi, Pachynodon modicus, Palaehoplophorus antiquus, Palaeotoxodon paranensis, ?P. protoburmeisteri, ?P. virgatus, Paraglyptodon paranensis, Parahoplophorus paranensis, Paranabradys vucetichae, Paranauchenia denticulata, Philander entrerianus, Phoberomys burmeisteri, P. insolita, P. lozanoi, P. minima, P. praecursor, Phugatherium cataclisticum, Pliomegatherium lelongi, Pliomorphus mutilatus, P. paranensis, P. robustus, Proeuphractus limpidus, Prolestodon antiquus, P. paranensis, Promacrauchenia antiqua, Promegatherium parvulum, P. smaltatum, Promylodon paranensis, Pronothrotherium mirabilis, Protoglyptodon primiformis, Protomegalonyx doellojuradoi, P. praecursor, Proterotherium cervioides, Protypotherium antiquum, Pseudoeuryurus lelongianus, Ranculcus scalabrinianus, Saurocetes gigas, Scalabrinitherium bravardi, S. rothii, Scirrotherium carinatum, Sphenotherus paranensis, Stenotephanos plicidens, Strabosodon acuticavus, S. obtusicavus, Stylocynus paranensis, Thylacosmilus atrox, Torcellia paranense, Toxodontherium compressum, T. reverendum, ?Trachycalyptus cingulatus, Urotherium interundatum, Xotodon doellojuradi, Xotodon foricurvatus, Zygolestes paranensis, Anatochoerus sp., ?Berroia sp., Berthawyleria sp., Briaromys sp., Cardiomys sp., Carlesia sp., Caviodon sp., Chironectes sp., Colpostemma sp., Contracavia sp., Cullinia sp., Diaphoromys sp., Doellomys sp., Drytomomys sp., Eumegamys sp., Eumegamysops sp., Gyriabrus sp., Haplostropha sp., Isostylomys sp., Lagostomus (Lagostomopsis) sp., Myocastor sp., Palaeocavia sp., Paradoxomys sp., Paranamys sp., Parodimys sp., Pentastylomys sp., Pliodolichotis sp., Potamarchus sp., Prodolichotis sp., Protabrocoma sp., Protomegamys sp., Pseudosigmomys sp., Pyramiodontherium sp., Strophostephanos sp., Tetrastylus sp., Trachytypotherium sp., ?Zaedyus sp., Iniidae indet., Scelidotheriinae indet. | Ituzaingó | ||
| Proeuphractus limpidus | Kiyu | ||
| Noctilio lacrimaelunaris, Surameryx acrensis, Sylvochoerus woodburnei, Waldochoerus bassleri | Madre de Dios | ||
| Proscelidodon patrius, Sparassocynus maimarai, Xotodon maimarensis | Maimará | ||
| Borhyaenidium altiplanicus, Hoffstetterius imperator, Mcdonaldocnus villarroeli Trachycalyptoides achirense, , Dasypodidae indet., Hegetotheriidae indet., Lagostominae indet., Mesotheriidae indet., Nothrotheriinae indet., Sclerocalyptinae indet., Toxodontidae indet. | Mauri | ||
| Balaenopteridae indet. | Miramar | ||
| Calchaquitherium mixtum | El Morterito | ||
| ?Cardiomys sp., cf. Doellotatus sp., Lagostomus (Lagostomopsis) sp., ?Orthomyctera sp., cf. Paleuphractus sp., Protabrocoma sp., Protypotherium sp., Pseudohegetotherium sp., cf. Sciamys sp., Dinomyidae indet., Erethizontidae indet., Mylodontidae indet., Proterotheriidae indet. | Muyu Huasi | ||
| Paedotherium kakai | Palo Pintado | ||
| Dioplotherium sp., Metaxytherium sp. | Paraná | ||
| Koristocetus pescei, Tiucetus rosae | Pisco | ||
| Cranithlastus xibiensis, Megatheriinae indet. | Piquete | ||
| Microtypotherium cf. choquecotense, Plesiotypotherium cf. achirense, P. cf. majus, P. minus, Orthomyctera sp., Dasypodidae indet. | Quehua | ||
| Pronothrotherium figueirasi, P. mirabilis | Raigón | ||
| Pseudotypotherium sp., Dasypodidae indet., Glyptodontidae indet., ?Macraucheniidae indet. | Rosa Pata | ||
| Chasicotatus ameghinoi, C. cf. peiranoi, Chorobates villosissimus, Doellotatus cf. inornatus, D. cf. praecursor, Macroeuphractus cf. morenoi, Neophanomys biplicatus, Paedotherium bonaerense, P. cf. minor, Phtoramys cf. hidalguense, P. homogenidens, Ringueletia simpsoni, Tremacyllus cf. impressus, Xenodontomys ellipticus, Acantharodeia sp., Aspidocalyptus sp., Berthawyleria sp., cf. Borhyaenidium sp., Dolicavia sp., Lagostomus sp., Neocavia sp., Palaeocavia sp., Promacrauchenia sp., Caviidae indet., Dasypodidae indet. | Saldungaray | ||
| Eosclerocalyptus planus, Hemihegetotherium cf. torresi, Lagostomus cf. pretrichodactyla, Macrochorobates scalabrinii, Neophanomys biplicatus, Orthomyctera andina, Paedotherium minor, Proeuphractus limpidus, Acantharodeia sp., cf. Cardiomys sp., Chaetophractus sp., Chasicotatus sp., Lagostomus sp., Neobrachytherium sp., Potamarchus sp., Protypotherium sp., Pseudotypotherium sp., cf. Tremacyllus sp., Hoplophorini indet., Octodontidae indet. | Salicas | ||
| Abothrodon pricei, Acrecebus fraileyi, Amahuacatherium peruvium, Didelphis solimoensis, Eumegamys paranensis, Ferigolomys pacarana, Gyrinodon quasus, Ischyrorhynchus vanbenedeni, Lutreolina materdei, Mesenodon juruaensis, Mesotoxodon pricei, Minitoxodon acrensis, Neoepiblema ambrosettianus, N. horridula, Neotoxodon pascuali, Neotrigodon utoquineae, Noctilio lacrimaelunaris, Octodontobradys puruensis, Phoberomys bordasi, P. burmeisteri, P. minima, Plesiotoxodon amazonensis, Plicodontinia mourai, cf. Pomatodelphis bobengi, Potamarchus adamiae, P. murinus, P. sigmodon, Pseudoprepotherium venezuelanum, Purperia cribatidens, Ribodon limbatus, Scirrotherium carinatum, Scleromys colombianus, Solimoea acrensis, Stenodon campbelli, Telicomys amazonensis, Toxodontherium listai, Trigodonops lopesi, Urumacotherium campbelli, Xenastrapotherium amazonense, Anadasypus sp., Asterostemma sp., Cardiatherium sp., Cullinia sp., Gyriabrus sp., cf. Hapalops sp., Kraglievichia sp., Neoglyptatelus sp., Palaeotoxodon sp., Paraglyptodon sp., Paratrigodon sp., cf. Planops sp., Pliomorphus sp., Plohophorus sp., cf. Protomegalonyx sp., cf. Proterotherium sp., Pseudoprepotherium sp., Ranculcus sp., Saurocetes sp., Simplimus sp., Stirtonia sp., Tetrastylus sp., Trigodon sp., Urumacotherium sp., Cardiomyinae indet., Dasyproctidae indet., Erethizontidae indet., Heteropsomyinae indet., Macraucheniidae indet., Marsupialia indet., Megalonychidae indet., Molossidae indet., Mylodontidae indet., Neoepiblemidae indet., Pampatheriinae indet., Pontoporiidae indet., Toxodontidae indet. | Solimões | ||
| Ullumys pattoni | Las Tapias | ||
| Eionaletherium tanycnemius, Lestodon urumaquensis, Phoberomys pattersoni, Pattersonocnus diazgameroi, Urumacocnus urbanii, Cardiatherium sp., Eumegamys sp., Hemihegetotherium sp., Ocnerotherium sp., Ribodon sp., Tetrastylus sp. | Urumaco | ||
| Birds | Argentavis magnificens | Andalhualá | |
| Pelagornis chilensis, Spheniscidae indet. | Bahía Inglesa | ||
| Argentavis magnificens, Eudromia sp. | Epecuén | ||
| Andalgalornis sp., Devincenzia sp., Megapaloelodus sp., Phoenicopteridae indet., Phorusrhacidae indet., Rallidae indet., Rheidae indet. | Ituzaingó | ||
| Anhinga fraileyi, A. cf. grandis, A. minuta, Phorusrhacinae indet. | Solimões | ||
| Reptiles | Caiman australis, C. paranensis, C. praecursor, Leptorramphus entrerrianus, Rhamphostomopsis neogaeus, Testudines indet. | Entrerriana | |
| Caiman australis, C. gasparinae, C. jacare, C. latirostris, C. lutescens, C. cf. yacare, Gryposuchus neogaeus, Mourasuchus arendsi, Parahydraspis paranaensis, Phrynops cf. geoffroanus, Tupinambis cf. merianae | Ituzaingó | ||
| Chelonioidea indet., Crocodylia indet., Eusuchia indet. | Miramar | ||
| Caiman cf. latirostris | Palo Pintado | ||
| Caiman brevirostris, C. niteroensis, Charactosuchus fieldsi, C. mendesi, C. sansoai, Chelus colombianus, Chelus lewisi, Colombophis portai, C. spinosus, Gryposuchus jessei, Mourasuchus amazonensis, M. arendsi, Podocnemis bassieri, Podocnemis negrii, Purussaurus brasiliensis, Chelonoidis sp., aff. Epicrates sp., Eunectes sp., Hesperogavialis sp., cf. Paradracaena sp., Stupendemys sp., Waincophis sp., ?Brachygnathosuchus sp., Colubridae indet., ?Gavialosuchus sp., Pelomedusidae indet., Serpentes indet., Testudinidae indet. | Solimões | ||
| Melanosuchus fisheri, Mourasuchus pattersoni, Stupendemys geographicus | Urumaco | ||
| Fishes | Carcharodon carcharias, C. hastalis, Cosmopolitodus hastalis | Bahía Inglesa | |
| Megalodon, Carcharhinus egertoni, Carcharodon hastalis, Carcharias sp., Myliobatis sp. | Camacho | ||
| Lamna amplibasidens, L. serridens, L. unicuspidens, Myliobatis americanus, Odontaspis macrota, Osteophorus typus, Sargus incertus, Silurus agassizii, Sparus antiquus, Squalus eocenus, Squalus obliquidens, Solea sp. | Entrerriana | ||
| Colossoma macropomus, Megapiranha paranensis, Cynodontidae indet. | Ituzaingó | ||
| Megalodon, Carcharhinus brachyurus, Carcharhinus falciformis, Carcharhinus leucas, Carcharias taurus, Galeocerdo aduncus, Ginglymostoma cirratum, Hemipristis serra, Negaprion brevirostris, Sphyrna lewini, Sphyrna zygaena, Aetobatus sp., Dasyatis sp., Myliobatis sp. | Miramar | ||
| Megalodon, Carcharias taurus, Carcharhinus sp., Carcharodon plicatilis, Galeocerdo aduncus, Hemipristis serra, Megascyliorhinus trelewensis, Dasyatis sp., Heterodontus sp., Sphyrna sp., Squatina sp., Ariidae indet., Holocephali indet., Rajidae indet., Sciaenidae indet., Sparidae indet. | Paraná | ||
| Phractocephalus acreornatus, Colossoma sp., Callichthyidae indet., Doradidae indet., Osteoglossidae indet., Pimelodidae indet., Potamotrygonidae indet. | Solimões | ||
| Decapods | Homarus meridionalis | Entrerriana | |
| Flora | Alnipollenites verus, Annulispora folliculosa, Arecipites asymmetricus, Baculatisporites comaumensis, Biretisporites potoniaei, Chenopodipollis chenopodiaceoides, C. multicavus, Cricotriporites guianensis, Cyathidites congoensis, C. minor, Cyperaceaepollis neogenicus, Deltoidospora minor, Dictyophyllidites arcuatus, D. chiquimilense, D. mortoni, Echiperiporites parviechinatus, Equisetosporites claricristatus, E. lusaticus, E. notensis, Foveotriletes microfoveolatus, Gleicheniidites senonicus, Graminidites media, Haloragacidites trioratus, Laevigatosporites ovatus, Leiotriletes regularis, Leptolepidites major, Liliacidites vermireticulatus, Malvacipollis argentina, Muricingulisporis verrucosus, Nothofagidites saraensis, Osmundacidites ciliatus, Palaeocoprosmadites zelandiae, Parsonsidites multiporus, Periporopollenites vesicus, Plicifera delicata, Podocarpidites ellipticus, P. exiguus, P. marwickii, Polycolporopollenites esobalteus, Polypodiaceoisporites simplex, P. tumulatus, Polypodiisporites speciosus, Psilamonocolpites grandis, Psilaperiporites minimus, Psilatricolporites cyamus, Reticuloidosporites tenellis, Rhoipites alveolatus, R. baculatus, R. cienaguensis, R. exiguus, R. karamuensis, R. santafesii, Rugulatisporites caperatus, Sparganiaceaepollenites delicata, Stereisporites antiquasporites, Striatricolporites gamerroi, Tetracolporopollenites megadolium, Todisporites major, T. minor, Tricolpites reticulatus, Triorites orbiculatus, Tuberculatosporites parvus, Tubulifloridites antipodica, Verrustephanoporites simplex, Gomphrenipollis sp., Klukisporites sp., Margocolporites sp., Myrtaceidites sp., Perfotricolpites sp., Reticulatisporites sp., Retistephanocolpites sp., Undulatisporites sp., Verrucingulatisporites sp. | Chiquimil | |
| Acrostichum palaeoaureum, Blechnum serrulatiformis, Cabomba aff. caroliniana, Caesalpinia aff. stuckerti, Cedrela fissiliformis, Ficus tressensii, Lycopodiella aff. cernua, Mayaca aff. fluviatilis, Ranunculodendron anzoteguiae, Sapium haematospermoides, Schinus herbstii, Equisetum sp. | Palo Pintado | ||
Correlations
| Formation | Cerro Azul | Ituzaingó | Paraná | Camacho | Raigón | Andalhuala | Chiquimil | Las Flores | Maimará | Palo | Pebas | Muyu | Rosa | Saldungaray | Salicas | Urumaco | Map |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basin | Colorado | Paraná | Hualfín | Tontal | Andes | Salta | Amazon | Huasi | Altiplano | BA | Velasco | Falcón |   Huayquerian (South America) | ||||
| Country |  Argentina |  Uruguay | Argentina |  Brazil Peru | .svg.png.webp){kind=small} Bolivia | Argentina |  Venezuela | ||||||||||
| Cardiatherium | | | | | |||||||||||||
| Lagostomus | | | | | | | |||||||||||
| Macroeuphractus | | | | ||||||||||||||
| Proeuphractus | | | | | |||||||||||||
| Pronothrotherium | | | |||||||||||||||
| Pseudotypotherium | | | | ||||||||||||||
| Thylacosmilus | | | | ||||||||||||||
| Xotodon | | | | | |||||||||||||
| Macraucheniidae | | | | | | | |||||||||||
| Primates |  | ||||||||||||||||
| Rodents |  | | | | | | | | | | | ||||||
| Reptiles |  | | | | | | |||||||||||
| Birds |  | | | | |||||||||||||
| Terror birds |  | | | ||||||||||||||
| Flora |  | | |||||||||||||||
| Environments | Aeolian-fluvial | Fluvio-deltaic | Fluvial | Fluvio-lacustrine | Fluvial | Fluvio-lacustrine | Fluvio-deltaic | Huayquerian volcanoclastics Huayquerian fauna Huayquerian flora | |||||||||
| Volcanic | Yes | ||||||||||||||||
Notes and references
Notes
- ↑ Former name of Ituzaingó Formation
- ↑ Former name of Cerro Azul Formation
- ↑ In later research considered part of the Camacho Formation[19]
- ↑ In later research considered part of the Camacho Formation[19]
References
- ↑ "Huayquerian". Fossilworks. Retrieved 2019-03-21.
- ↑ Forasiepi et al., 2011, p.136
- ↑ Garrido et al., 2017, p.54
- 1 2 Muruaga, 2001, p.30
- ↑ Le Roux et al., 2006, p.46
- ↑ Verde, 2002, p.21
- ↑ Pérez, 2012, p.11
- ↑ Goin et al., 2000, p.101
- 1 2 Verzi et al., 2008, p.146
- ↑ Morton & Herbst, s.a., p.1
- ↑ Le Roux et al., 2006, p.49
- 1 2 Cerdeño et al., 2019, p.12
- 1 2 Czaplewski & Campbell, 2017
- ↑ Frailey, 1986, p.4
- 1 2 García López & Barbot, 2015, p.315
- ↑ Franco et al., 2013, p.44
- 1 2 Vezzosi, 2015, p.27
- ↑ Kiyu Formation at Fossilworks.org
- 1 2 Verde, 2002, p.20
- ↑ Romero et al., 1998, p.60
- ↑ Pujos et al., 2012, p.2
- ↑ Marshall & Sempere, 1991, p.636
- ↑ Córdova Aguilar, 2009, p.26
- ↑ Morton & Herbst, 2007, p.154
- ↑ Marshall & Sempere, 1991, p.637
- ↑ Finger et al., 2007, p.13
- ↑ Reguero et al., 2015, p.60
- ↑ Martín Pérez, 2013, p.51
- ↑ Brea et al., 2013, p.28
- ↑ Antoine et al., 2016, p.56
- ↑ Wesselingh et al., 2006, p.304
- ↑ González & Abascal, 2012, p.129
- ↑ Brand et al., 2011
- ↑ Solíz Mundaca, 2018, p.14
- ↑ Baldellón et al., 1994, p.241
- ↑ Tófalo & Morrás, 2009, p.683
- ↑ Marshall & Sempere, 1991
- ↑ Brandoni et al., 2012, p.10
- ↑ Cozzuol, 2006, p.190
- ↑ Linares, 2004, p.16
- ↑ San Carlos East at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Forasiepi et al., 2016, p.11
- 1 2 Cerro Ballena at Fossilworks.org
- 1 2 Bahía Inglesa Unit 2 at Fossilworks.org
- 1 2 Caldera, Bahia Inglesa Unit 1 at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Mina Fosforita at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Arazati II at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Puerto Arazati Beach at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Playa Kiyú at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Punta Jesus María at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Fernicola et al., 2018, p.236
- ↑ Madozzo Jaén et al., 2018
- ↑ Sostillo et al., 2014
- ↑ Laguna Chillhué at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Bajo Giuliani at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ El Guanaco at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Telen at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Madozzo Jaén & Pérez, 2017
- ↑ Chiquimil A at Fossilworks.org
- 1 2 3 4 Barrancas del Rio Parana at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Rio Parana at Fossilworks.org
- 1 2 Salinas Grandes de Hidalgo at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ De Iullis et al., 2011
- ↑ Brandoni, 2014
- 1 2 3 4 Paraná, Pueblo Brugo to Diamante, Ituzaingó Fm. at Fossilworks.org
- 1 2 3 Colonia La Celina at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Ciudad de Paraná at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Playa Sánchez at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Prothero et al., 2014
- ↑ Frailey & Campbell Jr., 2012
- ↑ LACM loc.6218 at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ LACM 5159 at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ VF2 at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Bonini et al., 2017
- ↑ Abello et al., 2015
- ↑ Maimará at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Achiri at Fossilworks.org
- 1 2 3 Quebrada Pajaritos at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ El Cajón Valley at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Muyu Huasi at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Reguero et al., 2015
- ↑ Cerro La Matanza at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Villa Urquiza at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Collareta et al., 2017
- ↑ Marx et al., 2017
- ↑ Barrancas del Río Chico at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Quehua at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Arazati km 95.750 at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Rosa Pata at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Grünbein Cantera Seminario Level 1 at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Grünbein Cantera Relleno Sanitario Level 1 at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Grünbein Cantera Relleno Sanitario Level 2 at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Barrancas de Sarmiento Level 2 at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Caleufú at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Salicas Formation, Sierra de Velasco, La Rioja at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ El Degolladito - Site 2 at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Kerber et al., 2017
- ↑ Kerber et al., 2016
- 1 2 3 4 Rio Acre at Fossilworks.org
- 1 2 3 4 Niteroi at Fossilworks.org
- 1 2 Talismã, upper Purus River at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Patos, Rio Acre at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Patos at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Olivares et al., 2016
- ↑ Rincón et al., 2018
- ↑ Rincón et al., 2015
- ↑ Campo El Mamon at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Urumaco, Biozona 3 Loc 73-FU at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Urumaco, Biozona 3 Loc 50-FU at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Urumaco, Biozona 3 Loc 82-FU at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Urumaco, Biozona 3 Loc 26-FU at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Valle de Santa María at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ El Morro at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Quebrada Salta, southern area of the Calchaquí Valley at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ South of Rio Branco at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ West of El Picacho at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ 4 km NE of Campo El Mamon at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Barranca de Los Loros at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Cerro Bautista at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Capilla Narbona at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Barrancas de San Juan at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Arroyo Ensenada valley at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Vallecito at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Anzótegui & Horn, 2011
- ↑ Calchaquí at Fossilworks.org
- ↑ Calchaquí II at Fossilworks.org
Bibliography
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- Camacho Formation
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- Cerro Azul Formation
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- Chiquimil Formation
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- Las Flores Formation, Sierra del Tontal
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- Içá Formation
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- Iñapari Formation
- Frailey, Carl D. 1986. Late Miocene and Holocene mammals, exclusive of the Notoungulata, of the Rio Acre Region, western Amazonia. Contributions in Science 374. 1–46. Accessed 2017-08-15.
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- India Muerta Formation
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- Ituzaingó Formation
- Brandoni, Diego. 2014. A new genus of Megalonychidae (Mammalia, Xenarthra) from the Late Miocene of Argentina. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 17(1). 33–42. Accessed 2019-02-12.
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- Madre de Dios Formation
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- Maimará Formation
- Abello, María Alejandra; Martín De los Reyes; Adriana Magdalena Candela; François Pujos; Damián Voglino, and Bernardino Mamani Quispe. 2015. Description of a new species of Sparassocynus (Marsupialia: Didelphoidea: Sparassocynidae) from the late Miocene of Jujuy (Argentina) and taxonomic review of Sparassocynus heterotopicus from the Pliocene of Bolivia. Zootaxa 3937(1). 147–160. Accessed 2019-02-13.
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- Mauri & Muyu Huasi Formations
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- Miramar Formation
- Isla, Federico; Matías Taglioretti, and Alejandro Dondas. 2015. Revisión y nuevos aportes sobre la estratigrafía y sedimentología de los acantilados entre Mar de Cobo y Miramar, Provincia de Buenos Aires. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina 72. 235–250. Accessed 2019-02-12.
- El Morterito Formation
- Morton, Lourdes S., and Rafael Herbst. 2007. Gastrópodos de la Formación El Morterito (Mioceno Superior), Valle del Cajón, provincia de Catamarca, Argentina. Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales 9. 153–160. Accessed 2018-09-10.
- Navidad Formation
- Finger, Kenneth L.; Sven N. Nielsen; Thomas J. DeVries; Alfonso Encinas, and Dawn E. Peterson. 2007. Paleontologic evidence for sedimentary displacement in Neogene forearc basins of central Chile. PALAIOS 22. 3–16. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- Palo Pintado Formation
- Anzótegui, Luisa M., and Maricel Yarina Horn. 2011. Megaflora de la Formación Palo Pintado (Mioceno Superior) Salta, Argentina Parte II. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 14. 239–254. Accessed 2017-10-22.
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- Paraná Formation
- Brea, Mariana; María Jimena Franco, and Alejandro F. Zucol. 2013. Paleoflora de la Formación Paraná (Mioceno Tardío), Cuenca Chaco-Paranaense, Argentina. El Neógeno de la Mesopotamia argentina, Asociación Paleontológica Argentina, Publicación Especial 14. 41–55. Accessed 2018-09-03.
- Cione, Alberto Luis; Daniel Alfredo Cabrera, and María Julia Barla. 2012. Oldest record of the Great White Shark (Lamnidae, Carcharodon; Miocene) in the Southern Atlantic. Geobios 45. 167–172. Accessed 2017-10-22.
- Martín Pérez, Leandro. 2013. Sistemática, tafonomía y paleoecología de los invertebrados de la Formación Paraná (Mioceno), Provincia de Entre Ríos, Argentina (PhD thesis), 1–398. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- Pebas Formation
- Antoine, Pierre-Olivier; M. Alejandra Abello; Sylvain Adnet; Ali J. Altamirano Sierra; Patrice Baby; Guillaume Billet; Myriam Boivin; Ysabel Calderón, and Adriana Candela, Jules Chabain, Fernando Corfu, Darin A. Croft, Morgan Ganerød, Carlos Jaramillo, Sebastian Klaus, Laurent Marivaux, Rosa E. Navarrete, Maëva J. Orliac, Francisco Parra, María Encarnación Pérez, François Pujos, Jean-Claude Rage, Anthony Ravel, Céline Robinet, Martin Roddaz, Julia Victoria Tejada Lara, Jorge Vélez Juarbe, Frank P. Wesselingh, Rodolfo Salas Gismondi. 2016. A 60-million-year Cenozoic history of western Amazonian ecosystems in Contamana, eastern Peru. Gondwana Research 31. 30–59. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- Wesselingh, F.P.; M.C. Hoorn; J. Guerrero; M.E. Räsänen; L. Romero Pittmann, and J. Salo. 2006. The stratigraphy and regional structure of Miocene deposits in western Amazonia (Peru, Colombia and Brazil), with implications for late Neogene landscape evolution. Scripta Geologica 133. 291–322. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- Piquete Formation
- González Bonorino, Gustavo, and Liliana del Valle Abascal. 2012. Orogénesis y drenaje en la región del Valle de Lerma (Cordillera Oriental, Salta, Argentina) durante Pleistoceno tardio. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina 69. 127–141. Accessed 2018-10-01.
- Pisco Formation
- Altamirano Sierra, Alí J. 2013. Primer registro de pelicano (Aves: Pelecanidae) para el Mioceno tardio de la formacion Pisco, Peru. Bulletin de l'Institut français d'études andines 42. 1–12. Accessed 2017-09-04.
- Báez Gómez, Diego A. 2006. Estudio paleoambiental de la formación Pisco:: Localidad Ocucaje. Revista del Instituto de Investigaciones FIGMMG 9. 64–69. Accessed 2017-09-04.
- Bianucci, Giovanni; Claudio Di Celma; Mario Urbina, and Olivier Lambert. 2016. New beaked whales from the late Miocene of Peru and evidence for convergent evolution in stem and crown Ziphiidae (Cetacea, Odontoceti). PeerJ 4. e2479. Accessed 2019-02-12.
- Brand, Leonard; Mario Urbina; Arthur Chadwick; Thomas J. DeVries, and Raul Esperante. 2011. A high resolution stratigraphic framework for the remarkable fossil cetacean assemblage of the Miocene/Pliocene Pisco Formation, Peru. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 31(4). 414–425. Accessed 2017-10-01.
- Collareta, Alberto; Olivier Lambert; Christian De Muizon; Mario Urbina, and Giovanni Bianucci. 2017. Koristocetus pescei gen. et sp. nov., a diminutive sperm whale (Cetacea: Odontoceti: Kogiidae) from the late Miocene of Peru. Fossil Record 20(2). 259–278. Accessed 2019-02-12.
- Lambert, Olivier; Giovanni Bianucci; Mario Urbina, and Jonathan H. Geisler. 2017. A new inioid (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Delphinida) from the Miocene of Peru and the origin of modern dolphin and porpoise families. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 179(4). 919–946. .
- Marx, Felix G.; Olivier Lambert, and Christian De Muizon. 2017. A new Miocene baleen whale from Peru deciphers the dawn of cetotheriids. Royal Society Open Science 4(9). 170560. Accessed 2019-02-12.
- Marx, Felix G., and Naoki Kohno. 2016. A new Miocene baleen whale from the Peruvian desert. Royal Society Open Science 3(10). 160542. Accessed 2019-02-12.
- Poma Porras, Orlando; Edgard Horna Santillán, and Raúl Esperante. 2009. Baleen Fósil (Cetacea: mysticeti) en Sedimentos de la Cuenca Marina del Neógeno en la Formación Pisco, al Sur del Perú. Revista de Investigación Universitaria 1. 84–97. Accessed 2017-09-04.
- Ramassamy, Benjamin; Olivier Lambert; Alberto Collareta; Mario Urbina, and Giovanni Bianucci. 2018. Description of the skeleton of the fossil beaked whale Messapicetus gregarius: searching potential proxies for deep-diving abilities. Fossil Record 21(1). 11–32. Accessed 2019-02-11.
- Solís Mundaca, Flavio Alejandro. 2018. Bioestratigrafía e implicancias paleoceanográficas de las diatomeas de la sección Cerro Caucato, Formación Pisco, Ica, Peru (MSc. thesis), 1–158. Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Accessed 2018-09-10.
- Stucchi, Marcelo; Steven D. Emslie; Rafael M. Varas Malca, and Mario Urbina Schmitt. 2015a. A new late Miocene condor (Aves, Cathartidae) from Peru and the origin of South American condors. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 35(5). e972507. Accessed 2019-02-13.
- Stucchi, Marcelo; Rafael M. Varas Malca, and Mario Urbina Schmitt. 2015b. New Miocene sulid birds from Peru and considerations on their Neogene fossil record in the Eastern Pacific Ocean. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 61(2). 417–427. Accessed 2019-02-13.
- Stucchi, M. 2007. Los pingüinos de la Formación Pisco (Neógeno), Perú. 4th European Meeting on the Palaeontology and Stratigraphy of Latin America, Cuadernos del Museo Geominero 8. 367–373. Accessed 2017-09-04.
- Quehua Formation
- Baldellón P., Eddy; Michel Fornari; Félix Espinoza R., and Pierre Soler. 1994. Sucesión Estructural de la Zona Serranía de las Minas, 238–247. Memorias del XI Congreso Geológico de Bolivia. Accessed 2017-10-25.
- Raigón Formation
- Tófalo, Ofelia Rita, and Héctor J.M. Morrás. 2009. Evidencias paleoclimáticas en duricostras, paleosuelos y sedimentitas silicoclásticas, del Cenozoico de Uruguay. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina. 674–686. Accessed 2018-09-12.
- Saldungaray Formation
- Verzi, Diego H.; Claudia I. Montalvo, and Cecilia M. Deschamps. 2008. Biostratigraphy and biochronology of the Late Miocene of central Argentina: Evidence from rodents and taphonomy. Geobios 41. 145–155. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- Salicas Formation
- Brandoni, Diego; Gabriela I. Schmidt; Adriana M. Candela; Jorge I. Noriega; Ernesto Brunetto, and Lucas E. Fiorelli. 2012. Mammals from the Salicas Formation (Late Miocene), La Rioja Province, Northwestern Argentina: Paleobiogeography, age and paleoenvironment. Ameghiniana 49. 1–13. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- Solimões Formation
- Bocquentin, Jean, and Janira Melo. 2006. Stupendemys souzai sp. nov. (Pleurodira, Podocnemididae) from the Miocene-Pliocene of the Solimões Formation, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 9. 187–192. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- Carvalho, Patricia; Jean Bocquentin, and France De Lapparent de Broin. 2002. Une nouvelle espèce de Podocnemis (Pleurodira, Podocnemididae) provenant du Néogène de la formation Solimões, Acre, Brésil. Geobios 35. 677–686. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- Cozzuol, Mario Alberto. 2006. The Acre vertebrate fauna: Age, diversity, and geography. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 21. 185–203. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- Kerber, Leonardo; Marcos César Bissaro Júnior; Francisco R. Negri; Jonas Pereira De Souza Filho; Edson Guilherme, and Annie Schmaltz Hsiou. 2017. A new rodent (Caviomorpha: Dinomyidae) from the upper Miocene of southwestern Brazilian Amazonia. Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology 30(7). 985–993. Accessed 2019-02-12.
- Kerber, Leonardo; Francisco Ricardo Negri; Ana Maria Ribeiro; Maria Guiomar Vucetich, and Jonas Pereira De Souza Filho. 2016. Late Miocene potamarchine rodents from southwestern Amazonia, Brazil—with description of new taxa. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 61(1). 191–203. Accessed 2019-02-12.
- Urumaco Formation
- Carrillo Briceño, Jorge D.; Erin Maxwell; Órangel A. Aguilera; Rodolfo Sánchez, and Marcelo R. Sánchez Villagra. 2015. Sawfishes and Other Elasmobranch Assemblages from the Mio-Pliocene of the South Caribbean (Urumaco Sequence, Northwestern Venezuela). PLoS ONE 10(10). e0139230. Accessed 2019-02-13.
- Linares, Omar J. 2004. Bioestratigrafía de la fauna de mamíferos de las formaciones Socorro, Urumaco y Codore (Mioceno Medio-Plioceno Temprano) de la región de Urumaco, Falcón, Venezuela. Paleobiología Neotropical 1. 1–26. Accessed 2017-08-15.
- Quijano Ballesteros, Jhon Richard. 2005. Estudio magnetoestratigráfico en la sección de El Mamón (miembro medio de la Formación Urumaco, Estado Falcón) (MSc. thesis), 1–92. Universidad Simón Bolívar. Accessed 2017-10-27.
- Rincón, Ascanio D.; Andrés Solórzano; H. Gregory McDonald, and Marisol Montellano Ballesteros. 2018. Two new megalonychid sloths (Mammalia: Xenarthra) from the Urumaco Formation (late Miocene), and their phylogenetic affinities. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 17(5). 409–421. Accessed 2019-02-11.
- Rincón, Ascanio D.; H. Gregory McDonald; Andrés Solórzano; Mónica Núñez Flores, and Damián Ruiz Ramoni. 2015. A new enigmatic Late Miocene mylodontoid sloth from northern South America. Royal Society Open Science 2(2). 140256. Accessed 2019-02-13.
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