Xiangxi Prefecture
湘西州
Autonomous prefecture
Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture
Chinese:湘西土家族苗族自治州
Tujia:Xianxxix bifzivkar befkar zifzifzoux
Miao:Xangdxid tutjadcul maolcul zibzhibzhoud
Panorama of Furong, a Tujia ancient town in Yongshun County
Panorama of Furong, a Tujia ancient town in Yongshun County
Location in Hunan
Location in Hunan
Coordinates (Xiangxi Prefecture government): 28°19′N 109°44′E / 28.31°N 109.74°E / 28.31; 109.74
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceHunan
SeatJishou
Area
 • Total15,486 km2 (5,979 sq mi)
Population
 (2004)
 • Total3,650,000
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
ISO 3166 codeCN-HN-31

Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (Chinese: 湘西土家族苗族自治州; pinyin: Xiāngxī Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu; Tujia: Xianxxix bifzivkar befkar zifzifzoux; Miao: Xangdxid tutjadcul maolcul zibzhibzhoud) is an autonomous prefecture of the People's Republic of China. It is located in northwestern Hunan province.[lower-alpha 1] It consists of one city, Jishou, and seven counties: Baojing, Fenghuang, Guzhang, Huayuan, Longshan, Luxi, and Yongshun.[lower-alpha 2] Jishou is the capital. Of the 2,480,000 residents, 66.6% are ethnic minorities from 25 different ethnic groups, including 860,000 Tujia and 790,000 Miao.[1]

History

Xiangxi has a long history. The land was sparsely inhabited during the Shang dynasty, through the Warring States period up to the era of the Sui dynasty and Tang dynasty. It fell under the influence of the Chu state during the Warring States era. Later, it became part of the Western and Eastern Han dynasty. After the collapse of the Han dynasty, it came under the control of the Shu dynasty during the Three Kingdoms Period of China. Then the area became a subject of the Jin dynasty. When the Yuan dynasty was established, the region became a part of the Hubei province. Soon later, Hubei and Hunan province became one single province called Huguang. The Ming dynasty reestablished the Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture and attached it to Hunan province.

Upon the establishment of modern China, the national government gave the region autonomous status and county level status. This meant that the provincial government had less control over the region compared to other counties.

Modern reforms

Ever since the reforms by Deng Xiaoping, the region has developed substantially. The introduction of a large number of advanced production equipment and various types of automated production factories accelerated the growth of industries. In 2008, the total production value totaled 22,666 billion yuan.

Crop production

Agricultural products such as rice, wheat, corn, soybeans, electricity, cement, wood, cigarettes, fertilizers, yarn and cloth became primary products.

Administration

Map
English Chinese Pinyin Miao Tujia Area[2] Subdivisions[3]
Subdistricts Towns Townships Districts Villages
Xiangxi Tujia Miao Autonomous Zone湘西土家族
苗族自治州		 Xiāngxī Tǔjiāzú
Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu		Xangdxid tutjadcul maolcul zibzhibzhoudXianxxix bifzivkar befkar zifzifzoux15462.30769891831967
Jishou City吉首市 Jíshǒu ShìJib SoudJirsouv sif1062.4645738138
Luxi County泸溪县 Lúxī XiànLioux KidLurqir xianf1568.658716134
Fenghuang County凤凰县 Fènghuáng XiànJib ZhesFongrhuanr xianf1751.1091515344
Huayuan County花垣县 Huāyuán XiànJib YoxHuaxyanr xianf1111.1281019288
Baojing County保靖县 Bǎojìng XiànJib YalBaovjinf xianf1745.8810616198
Guzhang County古丈县 Gǔzhàng XiànBloud NholGuvzanf xianf1286.236618140
Yongshun County永顺县 Yǒngshùn XiànMongl DongsYinvsunf xianf3809.69121833291
Longshan County龙山县 Lóngshān XiànGheul RongxLongrsanx xianf3127.163112028434

Government

The current CPC party secretary of the autonomous prefecture is Guo Zhenggui, and the current mayor is Long Xiaohua.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ The name of the prefecture, 湘西, literally means 'Hunan west', 湘 (Xiāng) being an abbreviation for Hunan and 西 (xī) meaning 'west'.
  2. ↑ Until 1988, part of the area that is now the prefecture-level city of Zhangjiajie, specifically Dayong (now, Zhangjiajie) city and Sangzhi County, was part of the autonomous prefecture.

References

  1. ↑ Xiangxi city and Xiangxi River - Xiangxi Tujia-Miao Autonomous Prefecture Is Located in Northwestern Hunan Province.
  2. ↑ 湘西土家族苗族自治州国土资源局 [Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Bureau of Land Resources]. 《湘西土家族苗族自治州土地利用总体规划（2006-2020年）》.
  3. ↑ Ministry of Civil Affairs (1 August 2014). 《中国民政统计年鉴2014》 (in Simplified Chinese). China Statistics Press. ISBN 978-7-5037-7130-9.


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