Černý Důl
Market town
Town square with Hotel Pošta
Town square with Hotel Pošta
Flag of Černý Důl
Flag
Coat of arms of Černý Důl
Coat of arms
Černý Důl is located in Czech Republic
Černý Důl
Černý Důl
Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 50°38′6″N 15°42′38″E / 50.63500°N 15.71056°E / 50.63500; 15.71056
Country Czech Republic
RegionHradec Králové
DistrictTrutnov
First mentioned1556
Area
 • Total22.16 km2 (8.56 sq mi)
Elevation
684 m (2,244 ft)
Population
 (2023-01-01)[1]
 • Total703
 • Density32/km2 (82/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal codes
543 44, 543 72
Websitewww.cernydul.cz

Černý Důl (German: Schwarzenthal or Schwarzental) is a market town in Trutnov District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 700 inhabitants. It lies in the Giant Mountains.

Administrative parts

The villages of Čistá v Krkonoších and Fořt are administrative parts of Černý Důl.

Etymology

The name literally means "Black Mine". It probably refers to the location in deep (black) forests, when it was founded, and to its mining history.[2]

Geography

Černý Důl is located about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Trutnov and 47 km (29 mi) north of Hradec Králové. It lies in the Giant Mountains. The highest point is located on the slopes of the Černá hora Mountain at 1,272 m (4,173 ft) above sea level. The northern half of the municipal territory lies in the Krkonoše National Park. The Čistá River originates here and creates a valley, in which the villages are situated.

History

Church of Saint Michael the Archangel

The first written mention about iron ore mining in the area of today's Černý Důl is from 1383. The estate was purchased by Kryštof Gendorf in 1533.[3] In that time, the area was formed by three parts: Nová Ves village, settlement of Gottes Hilf, and grouping of huts called III. horský díl. The oldest was Nová Ves, which was first mentioned in 1498. Gottes Hilf established near Nová Ves nad named after one of mines. It was first mentioned in 1556, when a chapel was built here.[2]

In 1564, Gottes Hilf was promoted to a market town with right of a free mining town and renamed Černý Důl. In 1607, the chapel was rebuilt and extended to the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. After the mining ended, the population had to reorientate to linen making, spinning, agriculture and livestock, as the land consisted mostly of mountain pastures. In the 18th century, limestone began to be mined here.[2]

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
18692,506—    
18802,301−8.2%
18902,274−1.2%
19002,195−3.5%
19102,107−4.0%
YearPop.±%
19211,931−8.4%
19302,046+6.0%
19501,706−16.6%
19611,177−31.0%
19701,015−13.8%
YearPop.±%
1980929−8.5%
1991778−16.3%
2001759−2.4%
2011750−1.2%
2021718−4.3%
Source: Censuses[4][5]

Transport

The I/14 road (the section from Liberec to Trutnov) passes through the southern part of the municipal territory.

Sport

View of Černý Důl from a ski slope

Černý Důl is known as a ski resort with several slopes with lifts.[3]

Sights

The main landmark of Černý Důl is the Church of Saint Michael the Archangel. It was built in the Renaissance style in 1556.[6]

Among the most valuable buildings of the town is Hotel Pošta. It is a late Baroque house from the second half of the 18th century, located on the town square. It still serves as a hotel and restaurant.[7]

The Church of the Holy Trinity is located in Fořt. It was built in 1606 and completely rebuilt in the Baroque style in 1775. Its current form is the result of the Rococo restoration in 1902.[8]

The Fořt Castle was originally a Renaissance fortress, rebuilt in 1597 into a small aristocratic residence. Later it was rebuilt and extended in the Baroque and Neo-Renaissance styles. Today the castle is privately owned and inaccessible.[9]

Twin towns – sister cities

Černý Důl is twinned with:[10]

References

  1. ↑ "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2023". Czech Statistical Office. 2023-05-23.
  2. 1 2 3 "Černý Důl – historie" (in Czech). Městys Černý Důl. Retrieved 2021-09-23.
  3. 1 2 "Černý Důl" (in Czech). Hory-Krkonoše.cz. Retrieved 13 July 2020.
  4. ↑ "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011 – Okres Trutnov" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21. pp. 1–2.
  5. ↑ "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
  6. ↑ "Kostel sv. Michaela archanděla s ohrazením hřbitova" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2023-11-17.
  7. ↑ "Hotel Pošta" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2023-11-17.
  8. ↑ "Kostel Nejsvětější Trojice" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2023-11-17.
  9. ↑ "Zámek s parkem" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2023-11-17.
  10. ↑ "Raport o stanie miasta Kowary" (in Polish). Biuletyn Informacji Publicznej Miasta Kowary. 2018. p. 128. Retrieved 2020-09-04.
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