1914 Ontario general election

June 29, 1914

111 seats in the 14th Legislative Assembly of Ontario
56 seats were needed for a majority
  First party Second party
 
Leader James P. Whitney Newton Rowell
Party Conservative Liberal
Leader since 1896 1911
Leader's seat Dundas Oxford North
Last election 83 22
Seats won 84 24
Seat change Increase1 Increase2
Percentage 55.3% 38.6%
Swing Decrease0.3pp Increase0.1pp

Premier before election

James P. Whitney
Conservative

Premier after election

James P. Whitney
Conservative

The 1914 Ontario general election was the 14th general election held in the Province of Ontario, Canada. It was held on June 29, 1914, to elect the 111 Members of the 14th Legislative Assembly of Ontario (MLAs).[1]

The Ontario Conservative Party, led by Sir James P. Whitney, won a fourth consecutive term in government. Whitney died three months after the election and was succeeded by William Howard Hearst. The Conservatives contested 109 of the 111 ridings, deciding not to have candidates stand in Glengarry (where the Liberal Hugh Munro was acclaimed) and Norfolk North (where the Liberal incumbent Thomas Robert Atkinson was up against a Liberal anti-Temperance candidate).[2] However, dissension within the Tory ranks resulted in a significant number of them campaigning as either independent or temperance candidates.[2]

The Ontario Liberal Party, led by Newton Rowell, formed the official opposition.

Independent Labour MLA Allan Studholme was re-elected in Hamilton East. He had held the seat since a 1906 by-election.

The campaign was seen to turn more significantly on the matter of Regulation 17 (which limited instruction in French-language Catholic separate schools), in comparison to temperance issues, and that worked against the Liberals,[3] who placed Prohibition of sales in bars and clubs as a main plank in their platform.[4]

Expansion of the Legislative Assembly

Toronto ridings, as constituted in 1914

An Act passed prior to the election expanded the number of members from 106 to 111, and the number of ridings from 103 to 107.[5] The following changes were made:

The Patricia Portion acquired in 1912 was divided between Cochrane and Kenora.

Results

[1]

Elections to the 14th Parliament of Ontario (1914)
Political party Party leader MPPs Votes
Candidates 1911 Dissol. 1914 ± # % ± (pp)
Conservative James P. Whitney 109 82 84 2Increase 268,548 54.02% 1.57Decrease
Liberal Newton Rowell 90 22 24 2Increase 186,168 37.45% 1.06Decrease
Labour 4 1 1 Steady 6,535 1.31% 1.12Decrease
Independent-Liberal 2 1 1Increase 2,236 0.45% New
  Temperance 9 13,064 2.63% New
Liberal-Temperance 1 1 1Increase 2,733 0.55% New
Conservative-Temperance 2 2,222 0.45% 0.02Increase
Prohibitionist 1 1,302 0.26% New
Liberal–Conservative 1 1Decrease Did not campaign
Independent 5 4,837 0.97% 0.07Increase
Socialist 12 4,532 0.91% 0.04Increase
Independent-Conservative 4 4,270 0.86% 0.11Decrease
Liberal-Anti-Temperance 1 691 0.14% New
Vacant
Total 240 106 106 111 497,138 100.00%
Blank and invalid ballots 7,304
Registered voters / turnout 697,935 72.28% 8.02Increase
Seats and popular vote by party
PartySeatsVotesChange (pp)
Conservative
84 / 111
54.02%
-1.57
 
Liberal
24 / 111
37.45%
-1.06
 
  Temperance factions
1 / 111
3.89%
3.86 3.86
 
Other
2 / 111
4.64%
-1.23
 

Synopsis of results

Results by riding - 1914 Ontario general election[1]
Riding Winning party Turnout
[6]
Votes
Name[a 1] 1911 Party Votes Share Margin
#
Margin
%
Con Lib Temp Lab Soc I-Lib I-Con LAT Ind Total
 
Addington Con Con 1,84178.27%1,33059.70%71.18%1,8415112,352
Algoma Con Con 1,95956.50%45113.01%65.22%1,9591,5083,467
Brant North Con Lib 1,98750.62%491.25%77.56%1,9381,9873,925
Brant South Con Lib 3,59452.50%3425.00%73.48%3,2523,5946,846
Brockville Con Con 1,76849.08%46612.94%70.40%1,7684721,302603,602
Bruce North Lib Lib 1,73650.10%70.20%86.41%1,7291,7363,465
Bruce South Lib Con 1,82054.77%3179.54%76.76%1,8201,5033,323
Bruce West Lib Lib 2,15358.84%64717.68%72.10%1,5062,1533,659
Carleton Con Con 1,71275.92%1,16951.84%46.30%1,7125432,255
Cochrane New Lib 1,19741.52%280.97%35.89%1,1691,1975172,883
Dufferin Con Con 2,09457.48%54514.96%66.68%2,0941,5493,643
Dundas Con Con 2,21258.97%67317.94%75.17%2,2121,5393,751
Durham East Con Con 1,72058.82%51617.65%72.61%1,7201,2042,924
Durham West Con Con 1,64753.63%2237.26%79.77%1,6471,4243,071
Elgin East Con Con 2,23454.01%3328.03%77.18%2,2341,9024,136
Elgin West Con Con 3,38655.92%71711.84%69.16%3,3862,6696,055
Essex North Con Lib 2,43157.58%64015.16%64.26%1,7912,4314,222
Essex South Con Lib 2,19650.38%330.76%77.88%2,1632,1964,359
Fort William Con Con 2,38555.63%48311.27%39.75%2,3851,9024,287
Frontenac Con Con 1,62355.45%31910.90%64.24%1,6231,3042,927
Glengarry Lib Lib acclaimed
Grenville Con Con 2,08256.42%47412.85%71.28%2,0821,6083,690
Grey Centre Con Con 2,40461.47%89722.94%65.52%2,4041,5073,911
Grey North Lib Con 2,94356.50%67713.00%68.85%2,9432,2665,209
Grey South Con Con 2,86660.78%1,01721.57%69.21%2,8661,8494,715
Haldimand Lib Con 2,69253.02%3076.05%81.12%2,6922,3855,077
Halton Con Con 2,67653.17%3196.34%74.46%2,6762,3575,033
Hamilton East Lab Lab 4,49656.16%98712.33%61.09%3,5094,4968,005
Hamilton West Con Con 3,36163.28%1,41126.57%61.36%3,3611,9505,311
Hastings East Con Con 2,15563.78%93127.55%67.73%2,1551,2243,379
Hastings North Con Con 2,24779.01%1,65058.02%53.77%2,2475972,844
Hastings West Con Con 2,34762.67%94925.34%68.31%2,3471,3983,745
Huron Centre Lib Lib 2,16553.98%3197.95%77.20%1,8462,1654,011
Huron North Con Con 2,10351.59%1303.19%84.14%2,1031,9734,076
Huron South Con Con 2,15954.06%3248.11%57.87%2,1591,8353,994
Kenora Con Con acclaimed
Kent East Lib Lib 2,56653.90%3717.79%73.65%2,1952,5664,761
Kent West Con Con 4,01750.08%130.16%76.12%4,0174,0048,021
Kingston Con Con 2,90066.94%1,46833.89%72.51%2,9001,4324,332
Lambton East Lib Con 2,15450.05%40.09%81.45%2,1542,1504,304
Lambton West Con Con 3,92455.71%80411.41%74.43%3,9243,1207,044
Lanark North Con Con 1,66651.88%1213.77%77.60%1,6661,5453,211
Lanark South Con Con 1,86053.76%54815.84%66.23%1,8601,3122883,460
Leeds Con Con 2,02555.75%41811.51%69.93%2,0251,6073,632
Lennox Con Con 1,48553.59%1997.18%76.40%1,4851,2862,771
Lincoln Con Lib 2,05153.68%2817.35%77.56%1,7702,0513,821
London Con Con 4,35057.08%1,49619.63%63.27%4,3502,8544177,621
Manitoulin Con Con 1,16355.38%22610.76%54.14%1,1639372,100
Middlesex East Lib Con 2,38354.68%4089.36%71.90%2,3831,9754,358
Middlesex North Con Lib 1,98951.56%1203.11%78.43%1,8691,9893,858
Middlesex West Lib Lib 1,79862.30%71024.60%75.04%1,0881,7982,886
Muskoka Con Con 2,05663.09%85326.17%63.44%2,0561,2033,259
Niagara Falls New Con 2,44454.01%96921.41%66.28%2,4441,4756064,525
Nipissing Con Con 1,63845.46%581.61%55.72%1,6381,5803853,603
Norfolk North Lib Lib 1,92773.61%1,23647.21%58.05%1,9276912,618
Norfolk South Con Con 1,38153.24%1686.48%74.20%1,3811,2132,594
Northumberland East Con Con 2,42657.50%63315.00%71.39%2,4261,7934,219
Northumberland West Lib Lib 1,60952.26%1394.51%83.58%1,4701,6093,079
Ontario North Con Con 1,87754.14%2878.28%81.56%1,8771,5903,467
Ontario South Lib Con 2,77250.47%520.95%75.19%2,7722,7205,492
Ottawa East Con Lib 2,84353.75%86516.35%64.73%1,9782,8434685,289
Ottawa West Con Lib 5,01850.54%1081.09%57.43%4,9105,0189,928
Oxford North Lib Lib 3,04850.94%1131.89%80.84%2,9353,0485,983
Oxford South Lib Con 2,58250.01%10.02%76.78%2,5822,5815,163
Parkdale New Con 2,98155.98%63711.96%58.16%2,9812,3445,325
Parry Sound Con Con 2,77058.84%83217.67%56.57%2,7701,9384,708
Peel Con Con 2,85556.17%62712.34%73.89%2,8552,2285,083
Perth North Con Con 3,84055.19%1,11716.05%76.19%3,8402,7233956,958
Perth South Con Con 2,37552.31%2104.63%81.94%2,3752,1654,540
Peterborough East Con Con 1,78357.76%47915.52%69.57%1,7831,3043,087
Peterborough West Con Lib 2,58751.69%1693.38%73.48%2,4182,5875,005
Port Arthur Con Con 2,21949.45%78917.58%58.80%2,2191,4308384,487
Prescott Lib I-Lib 1,76843.01%3498.49%68.21%9241,4191,7684,111
Prince Edward Con Lib 1,94347.76%972.38%79.31%1,8461,9432794,068
Rainy River L-Con Con 1,19660.22%40620.44%53.23%1,1967901,986
Renfrew North Con Con 2,54857.76%68515.53%76.39%2,5481,8634,411
Renfrew South Con Con acclaimed
Riverdale New Con 3,29969.06%1,96241.07%55.73%3,2991,3371414,777
Russell Lib Lib 3,85173.10%2,43446.20%56.99%1,4173,8515,268
St. Catharines New Con 2,86368.22%1,52936.43%60.38%2,8631,3344,197
Sault Ste. Marie Con Con 2,23160.92%80021.85%52.73%2,2311,4313,662
Simcoe Centre Con Con 2,24753.27%2766.54%73.17%2,2471,9714,218
Simcoe East Con Con 3,29357.90%89915.81%67.00%3,2932,3945,687
Simcoe South Con Con 1,44766.62%72233.24%59.86%1,4477252,172
Simcoe West Con Con 2,23366.05%1,08532.09%64.58%2,2331,1483,381
Stormont Con Con 2,43651.46%1382.92%69.88%2,4362,2984,734
Sturgeon Falls Lib Lib 1,65075.65%1,11951.31%62.51%5311,6502,181
Sudbury Con Con 2,04754.78%3579.55%53.61%2,0471,6903,737
Timiskaming Con Con 2,83848.45%73112.48%50.34%2,8382,1079125,857
Toronto Northeast - A New Con 5,95658.25%1,68716.50%58.97%5,9564,26910,225
Toronto Northeast - B New Con 5,66655.86%1,18911.72%58.50%5,6664,47710,143
Toronto Northwest - A New Con 6,15361.59%2,31523.17%53.24%6,1533,8389,991
Toronto Northwest - B New Con 5,97459.86%2,51225.17%41.57%5,9743,4625449,980
Toronto Southeast - A New Con 4,29671.85%2,87648.10%53.41%4,2961,4202635,979
Toronto Southeast - B New Con 4,36273.36%2,77846.72%53.41%4,3621,5845,946
Toronto Southwest - A New Con 6,12768.84%3,69647.61%52.45%6,1272,4313428,900
Toronto Southwest - B New Con 6,50972.32%4,01848.15%52.76%6,5092,4919,000
Victoria North New Con 1,47459.36%46518.73%52.67%1,4741,0092,483
Victoria South New Con 2,23255.48%54513.55%74.50%2,2321,6871044,023
Waterloo North Con Con 3,78756.40%1,45421.65%69.35%3,7872,3335956,715
Waterloo South Con Con 3,25150.73%85613.36%66.55%3,2512,3957626,408
Welland Con Con 2,54159.90%84019.80%63.89%2,5411,7014,242
Wellington East Lib Lib 1,94655.05%35710.10%75.49%1,5891,9463,535
Wellington South Con L-Tmp 2,73349.11%1041.87%76.42%2,6292,7332035,565
Wellington West Con Con 1,72052.20%1454.40%76.80%1,7201,5753,295
Wentworth North Lib Con 1,58650.33%210.67%78.05%1,5861,5653,151
Wentworth South Con Con 1,70455.72%35011.45%71.28%1,7041,3543,058
Windsor New Lib 2,30942.59%3987.34%59.38%3,112[lower-alpha 1]2,3095,421
York East Con Con 3,67156.51%84613.02%58.62%3,6712,8256,496
York North Con Con 2,82652.42%2614.84%81.09%2,8262,5655,391
York West Con Con acclaimed
  1. order is as given in EO reports
  = open seat
  = turnout is above provincial average
  = winning candidate was in previous Legislature
  = incumbent had switched allegiance
  = previously incumbent in another riding
  = not incumbent; was previously elected to the Legislature
  = incumbency arose from byelection gain
  = incumbency arose from prior election result being overturned by the court
  = other incumbents renominated
  = joint Conservative candidate
  = Prohibition candidate
  = joint Liberal candidate
  = previously an MP in the House of Commons of Canada
  = multiple candidates

Analysis

Party candidates in 2nd place[1]
Party in 1st placeParty in 2nd placeTotal
AcclConLibLabTempC-TmpIndI-ConProhLAT
Conservative 36519221184
Liberal 122124
Labour 11
Independent Liberal 11
Liberal-Temperance 11
Total 424661922111111
    Candidates ranked 1st to 4th place, by party[1]
    PartiesAccl1st2nd3rd4th
     Conservative 381242
     Liberal 123661
     Labour 112
     Independent Liberal 11
     Liberal-Temperance 1
     Temperance 9
     Independent 23
     Conservative-Temperance 2
     Independent Conservative 11
     Liberal Anti-Temperance 1
     Prohibitionist 1
     Socialist 111
    Resulting composition of the 10th Legislative Assembly of Ontario[1]
    SourceParty
    Con Lib Lab I-Lib L-Tmp Total
    Seats retainedIncumbents returned 529162
    Acclamations 314
    Open seats held 628
    Seats changing handsIncumbents defeated 46111
    Open seats gained 246
    Byelection gains held 22
    Incumbent changed allegiance 112
    New seatsNew MLAs 628
    Previously incumbent 88
    Total 8424111111

    Results summary by region

    Distribution of seats and popular vote %, by party by region (1914)
    Region Candidates Seats Vote share (%)
    Con Lib Temp Soc Ind Lab Ind-Con Ind-Lib Lib-Anti-T Total Con Lib Lab Ind-Lib L-Temp Con Lib Temp Lab Ind Soc Ind-Lib Ind-Con Lib-Anti-T
    Northern Ontario12101132710250.66%39.96%2.45%5.58%1.35%
    Ottawa Valley98122053144.86%48.49%0.76%5.89%
    St Lawrence Valley66111156156.54%30.95%5.48%0.25%6.77%
    Georgian Bay871167158.31%38.11%3.58%
    Central Ontario151031213212357.45%30.92%5.45%5.41%0.21%0.56%
    Wentworth-Halton-Niagara961121971154.31%26.01%4.11%14.10%1.47%
    Midwestern Ontario211844148147150.49%39.09%7.78%1.94%0.69%
    Southwestern Ontario14131287651.70%47.67%0.62%
    Peel-York-Ontario6511654.00%46.00%
    Toronto10824241063.94%29.87%4.59%1.61%
    Total11091131254221240842411154.40%37.54%3.89%1.31%0.97%0.91%0.45%0.38%0.14%

    MLAs elected by region and riding

    Party designations are as follows:

      Conservative
      Liberal
      Labour


    Italicized names indicate members returned by acclamation.


    Reorganization of ridings

    The newly created ridings returned the following MLAs:

    1911 1914
    Riding Party Riding Party
    Essex North  Conservative Essex North  Liberal
    Windsor  Liberal
    Monck  Liberal Lincoln  Liberal
    Lincoln  Conservative
    Withdrawn from Lincoln St. Catharines  Conservative
    Welland  Conservative Niagara Falls  Conservative
    Welland
    Timiskaming  Conservative Timiskaming  Conservative
    Cochrane  Liberal
    Bruce Centre  Liberal Bruce West  Liberal
    Toronto ridings:  Conservative
    (8 MLAs)
    Parkdale  Conservative
    Riverdale  Conservative
    Toronto Northeast A  Conservative
    B  Conservative
    Toronto Northwest A  Conservative
    B  Conservative
    Toronto Southeast A  Conservative
    B  Conservative
    Toronto Southwest A  Conservative
    B  Conservative

    Seats that changed hands

    Elections to the 12th Parliament of Ontario – unaltered seats won/lost by party, 1911–1914
    Party 1911 Gain from (loss to) 1914
    Con Lib Lab I-Lib L-Tmp L-Con
    Conservative 718(8)(1)171
    Liberal 208(8)(1)19
    Labour 11
    Independent-Liberal[a 1] 11
    Liberal-Temperance 11
    Liberal–Conservative[a 2] 1(1)
    Total939(9)9(9)(1)(1)193
    1. Gustave Évanturel (Prescott) was originally elected as a Liberal in 1911.
    2. James Arthur Mathieu (Rainy River) campaigned as a Conservative and won.

    There were 20 seats that changed allegiance in the election:

    Acclamations

    Candidates returned by acclamation
    PartyRidingCandidate
     ConservativeKenoraHarold Arthur Clement Machin
    Renfrew SouthThomas William McGarry
    York WestForbes Godfrey
    Liberal GlengarryHugh Munro

    When nominations closed, three candidates were acclaimed.[2] A later withdrawal in Kenora enabled the acclamation of Harold Arthur Clement Machin.[8]

    Forbes Godfrey (York West) was acclaimed because the Liberal candidate was held to have missed the deadline by one minute.[2] In Wellington East, the Liberals opted not to press a similar case against the Conservative candidate, whose nomination papers were filed 90 minutes after the deadline.[9]

    See also

    Notes and references

    Notes

    1. Joseph Octave Reaume, previously in Essex North, failed to receive his party's nomination for the new riding. He campaigned anyway under the Conservative banner, and received 1,911 votes.[7]

    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "1914 General Election". Elections Ontario. Elections Ontario. Retrieved January 3, 2021.
    2. 1 2 3 4 "The Ontario Campaign is Hotly Contested". The Daily British Whig. Kingston. June 23, 1914. p. 8.
    3. "Sir James' Triumph". The Toronto World. June 30, 1914. p. 6.
    4. Hopkins 1915, p. 440.
    5. The Representation Act, S.O. 1914, c. 4
    6. "Sessional Paper No. 50". Sessional Papers (Vol. XLVII–Part XII). Toronto: Legislative Assembly of Ontario. 1915. pp. 5–6.
    7. Hopkins 1915, p. 437.
    8. "Pith of the News". The Daily British Whig. Kingston. June 24, 1914. p. 1.
    9. "Provincial Election: Only 3 Elected by Acclamation". Newmarket Era. June 26, 1914. p. 2.


    Further reading

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