2001–2009: Career beginnings

Early mixtapes and So Far Gone

Main article: So Far Gone (mixtape)

Lil Wayne, the founder of Young Money Entertainment, signed Drake to the label in 2009.^[49]

Being musically inspired by Jay-Z and Clipse, Drake self-released his debut mixtape, Room for Improvement, in 2006. The mixtape featured Trey Songz and Lupe Fiasco and included production from Boi-1da and Frank Dukes. When asked about the mixtape, Drake described the project as "pretty straightforward, radio friendly, [and] not much content to it." Room for Improvement was released for sale only and sold roughly 6,000 copies,^[46] for which Drake received $304.04 in royalties.^[50] He performed his first concert on August 19, 2006, at the Kool Haus nightclub as an opening act for Ice Cube, performing for half an hour and earning $100.^[51] In 2007, Drake released his second mixtape Comeback Season. Released from his recently founded October's Very Own label, it spawned the single "Replacement Girl" featuring Trey Songz. The song made Drake become the first unsigned Canadian rapper to have his music video on BET, with "Replacement Girl" featured on their "New Joint of the Day" segment in April 2007.^[52] The song saw Drake sample "Man of the Year" by Brisco, Flo Rida and Lil Wayne, retaining Lil Wayne's verse, and adjoined his own to the song's earlier half. This caused Jas Prince to gift Lil Wayne the song, which prompted the rapper to invite Drake to Houston to join his Tha Carter III tour.^[53] Throughout the duration of the tour, Drake and Lil Wayne recorded multiple songs together, including "Ransom", "Forever", and a remix to "Brand New".^[53]

In 2009, Drake released his third mixtape So Far Gone. It was made available for free download through his OVO blog website, and featured Lil Wayne, Trey Songz, Omarion, Lloyd, and Bun B. It received over 2,000 downloads in the first 2 hours of release, finding mainstream commercial success from the singles "Best I Ever Had" and "Successful", both gaining Platinum certification by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), with the former also peaking at number two on the Billboard Hot 100.^[54] This prompted the mixtape's re-release as an EP, featuring four songs from the original, as well as the additions of the songs "I'm Goin' In" and "Fear". It debuted at number six on the Billboard 200, and won the Rap Recording of the Year at the 2010 Juno Awards.^[55]

Due to the success of the mixtape,^[56] Drake was the subject of a bidding war from various labels, often reported as "one of the biggest bidding wars ever".^[57] Despite this, Drake was rumoured to have secured a recording contract with Young Money Entertainment on June 29, 2009.^[58] This was later confirmed following a planned lawsuit from Young Money, in conjunction with Drake, against an unauthorized fake album titled The Girls Love Drake released on iTunes.^[59]

Drake joined the rest of the label's roster on the America's Most Wanted Tour in July 2009.^[60] However, during a performance of "Best I Ever Had" in Camden, New Jersey, Drake fell on stage and tore the anterior cruciate ligament in his right knee.^[61] He underwent surgery later that year.

2010–2012: Musical breakthrough with Thank Me Later and Take Care

Drake at Bumbershoot in 2010

Drake planned to release his debut album, Thank Me Later, in late 2008, but the album's release date was postponed, first to March 2010,^[62] and then to May 25, 2010.^[63] Young Money and Universal Motown had released a statement that the album had again been pushed back three weeks for a June 15, 2010, release.^[62][64]

On March 9, 2010, Drake released the lead single "Over",^[65] which peaked at number fourteen on the Billboard Hot 100, as well as topping the Rap Songs chart. It received a nomination for Best Rap Solo Performance at the 53rd Grammy Awards.^[66] His second single, "Find Your Love", became a bigger success. It peaked at number five on the Hot 100, and was certified 3× Multi-Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).^[67] The music video for the single was shot in Kingston, Jamaica, and was criticized by Jamaica's minister of tourism Edmund Bartlett. Bartlett condemned the portrayal of the island in the video, saying, "care has to be taken by all, including our creative artists, in [showcasing] images of our destination and people. Gun culture, while not unique to Jamaica, is not enhancing [the island's image]."^[68] The third single and fourth singles, "Miss Me" and "Fancy" respectively,^[69] attained moderate commercial success; however, the latter garnered Drake his second nomination at the 53rd Grammy Awards for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group.^[70] On April 29, it was reportedly announced that Drake had finished Thank Me Later during a show in Kansas City, Missouri.^[71]

Thank Me Later was released on June 15, 2010,^[72] debuting at number one on the Billboard 200 with sales of over 447,000 copies in its first week.^[73] Upon the album's release, 25,000 fans gathered at New York City's South Street Seaport for a free concert hosted by Drake and Hanson, which was later cancelled by the police after a near-riot ensued due to overflowing crowds.^[74] The album became the top selling debut album for any artist in 2010 and had the highest sales week for any debut album in the 2010s^[75] and featured Lil Wayne, Kanye West,^[76] and Jay Z.^[77]

It was announced that Drake would have a prominent role in the military science fiction video game Gears of War 3. He was scheduled to play the role of Jace Stratton, but scheduling conflicts with his upcoming Away from Home Tour^[78] prevented him from accepting the role.^[79] He began the tour on September 20, 2010, in Miami, Florida, performing at 78 shows over four different legs.^[80] It concluded in Las Vegas in November 2010.^[81] Due to the success of the Away from Home Tour, Drake hosted the first OVO Festival in 2010. It became a regular event during the summer, with the Molson Amphitheatre in Toronto playing host to the festival on its annual cycle. Drake had an eco-friendly college tour to support the album, beginning with Eastern Illinois University in Charleston, Illinois. It concluded in Plymouth, New Hampshire, on May 8, and he performed at The Bamboozle on May 1.^[78][82]

Beginning his second effort in fall 2010,^[83] Drake announced his intentions to allow Noah "40" Shebib to handle most of the production and record a more cohesive sound than on Thank Me Later, which featured disparate production duties by Shebib and others.^[84] In November 2010, Drake revealed the title of his next studio album will be Take Care.^[83] In comparison to his debut album, Drake revealed to Y.C Radio 1 that Thank Me Later was a rushed album, stating, "I didn't get to take the time that I wanted to on that record. I rushed a lot of the songs and sonically I didn't get to sit with the record and say, 'I should change this verse.' Once it was done, it was done. That's why my new album is called Take Care, because I get to take my time this go-round."^[85] Drake sought to expand on the low-tempo, sensuous, and dark sonic esthetic of Thank Me Later.^[86][87] Primarily a hip hop album, Drake also attempted to incorporate R&B and pop to create a languid, grandiose sound.^[88]

Drake performing with Bun B in 2011

In January 2011, Drake was in negotiations to join Eva Green and Susan Sarandon as a member of the cast in Nicholas Jarecki's Arbitrage,^[89] before ultimately deciding against starring in the movie to focus on the album. "Dreams Money Can Buy"^[90] and "Marvins Room"^[86] were released on Drake's October's Very Own Blog, on May 20 and June 9, respectively. Acting as promotional singles for Take Care, the former was eventually unincluded on the album's final track listing, while "Marvins Room" gained 3× Multi-Platinum certification by the RIAA,^[91] as well as peaking at number 21 on the Billboard Hot 100,^[92] and reaching the top 10 of the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart,^[93] coupled with extensive play on contemporary urban radio.^[94] Drake would soon release the song's music video on June 28.^[95]

"Headlines" was released on August 9 as the lead single for Take Care. It was met with positive critical and commercial response, reaching number thirteen on the Hot 100, as well as becoming his tenth single to reach the summit of the Billboard Hot Rap Songs, making Drake the artist with the most number-one singles on the chart, with 12.^[96] It was eventually certified 4× Multi-Platinum in the United States and Platinum in Canada.^[97] The music video for the single was released on October 2, and foresaw Drake performing the song during the second intermission of the 59th National Hockey League All-Star Game in January 2012.^[98] "Make Me Proud" was released as the album's second single on October 16.^[99] It was the final single to be released prior to the launch of the album, and debuted at number 97 on the Billboard Hot 100.^[92] The song reached number nine the following week, tying the record for the largest jump on the Billboard Hot 100 for a male artist, with 88.^[100] "Make Me Proud" soon became Drake's fourth consecutive single to receive Platinum certification by the RIAA.^[101]

Prior to the album's release, Drake planned to record a collaborative album with Lil Wayne; however, it was ultimately scrapped due to the success of Watch the Throne.^{[102][103][104]} He also began collaborations with Rick Ross for a mixtape titled Y.O.L.O., but the duo decided against the project in favor of increased concern for their respective studio albums.^[105][106] Although in 2021, Ross stated that a joint album is still possible as they've casually discussed it.^[107]

Drake during a performance in Toronto in 2011

Take Care was released on November 15, 2011, and received generally positive reviews from music critics.^[108] John McDonnell of NME dubbed it "an affecting masterpiece" and commended its "delicate, mellifluous sound and unashamedly candid, emotive lyrics."^[109] Pitchfork's Ryan Dombal found Drake's "technical abilities" to be improved and stated, "Just as his thematic concerns have become richer, so has the music backing them up."^[110] Andy Hutchins of The Village Voice called it "a carefully crafted bundle of contradictory sentiments from a conflicted rapper who explores his own neuroses in as compelling a manner as anyone not named Kanye West."^[111] Chicago Tribune writer Greg Kot complimented the depth of Drake's "moral psychodramas" and stated, "the best of it affirms that Drake is shaping a pop persona with staying power."^[112] It also won the Grammy Award for Best Rap Album at the 55th Annual Grammy Awards, and achieved great commercial success, eventually being certified six times platinum by the RIAA in 2019, with sales for the album marking 2.6 million in the U.S.^[113]

The album's third and fourth singles, "The Motto" and Take Care", were released on November 29, 2011^[114] and February 21, 2012, respectively.^[115] Each song was subject to commercial success, while also having large societal impacts, with "The Motto" credited for popularizing the phrase "YOLO" in the United States.^[116][117] The music video for "Take Care" saw widespread acclaim, with MTV stating, "None of his contemporaries – not even the ever-obtuse Kanye [West] – make videos like this, mostly because no one else can get away with it."^[118] The video received four nominations at the 2012 MTV Video Music Awards for Best Male Video, Best Art Direction, Best Cinematography, and Video of the Year.^[119] The song was also featured on the channel's "Pop Songs You Must Hear" list of 2011.^[120] "HYFR" was the final single to be released from the album, and became certified 2× Multi-Platinum.^[121][122] It also won the MTV Video Music Award for Best Hip-Hop Video in 2012,^[28][123] and the channel ranked him number two on their "Hottest MCs in the Game" list.^[124]

On August 5, 2012, Drake released "Enough Said", performed by American recording artist Aaliyah featuring additional vocals provided by himself.^[125] Originally recorded prior to the singer's death in a plane crash in 2001, Drake later finished the track with producer "40". "Enough Said" was released by Blackground Records through their SoundCloud account on August 5, 2012.^[126] It was sent to US urban and rhythmic radio stations on August 21.^[127] The song charted at number 55 on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs.

In promotion of his second album, Drake embarked on the worldwide Club Paradise Tour. It became the most successful hip hop tour of 2012, grossing over $42 million.^[128] He then returned to acting, starring in Ice Age: Continental Drift as Ethan.^[129]

2013–2015: Nothing Was the Same and If You're Reading This It's Too Late

During the European leg of the Club Paradise Tour, Drake spoke in an interview stating that he had begun working on his third studio album. Revealing his intentions to remain with 40 as the album's executive producer, Drake spoke fondly about Jamie xx, hoping to include and expand the British producer's influence over his next album.^[130] Drake had also revealed that the album would stylistically differ from Take Care, departing from the ambient production and despondent lyrics prevalent previously.^[131]

In January 2013, Drake announced that he would release the first single off his third album at the end of the 55th Annual Grammy Awards.^[132][133] Despite an initial delay, it was released in the wake of his win for the Grammy Award for Best Rap Album at the event, and it foresaw Drake announcing Nothing Was the Same as the title of his third album.^[134] The album's second single, "Hold On, We're Going Home", was released in August 2013, becoming the most successful single off the album, peaking at number one on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.^[135] and being certified 6× Multi-Platinum by the RIAA in 2018^[136] Drake sought inspiration from the 1980s television series Miami Vice during the composition of the song's music video, incorporating the dramatic elements seen in the show en route to winning his second MTV Video Music Award in 2014 for the video.^{[137][138][139]} Drake appeared on Late Night with Jimmy Fallon, performing the album's third single, "Too Much", alongside featured artist Sampha.^[140]

Nothing Was the Same was released on September 24, 2013, debuting at number one on the US Billboard 200, with 658,000 copies sold in its first week of release.^[141] The album debuted atop the charts in Canada, Denmark, Australia and the United Kingdom. The album also enjoyed generally favourable reviews by contemporary music critics, commending the musical shift in terms of the tone and subject matter, comparing it to the distinct change showcased in Kanye West's 808s & Heartbreak.^[142] The album was also reported to have sold over 1,720,000 copies in the United States, and was further promoted by the "Would You like a Tour?" throughout late 2013 to early 2014.^[143] It became the 22nd-most successful tour of the year, grossing an estimated $46 million.^[144] Drake then returned to acting in January 2014, hosting Saturday Night Live, as well as serving as the musical guest. His versatility, acting ability and comedic timing were all praised by critics, describing it as what "kept him afloat during the tough and murky SNL waters".^{[145][146][147]} Drake also performed in Dubai, being one of the only artists ever to perform in the city.^[148] In late 2014, Drake announced that he began recording sessions for his fourth studio album.^[149]

In 2014, Drake performed in Spanish as a featured artist on the Romeo Santos song "Odio". He also appeared on a remix of "Tuesday" by ILoveMakonnen, which peaked at number one on Billboard's Rhythmic chart and number twelve on the "Hot 100", and released "0 to 100 / The Catch Up" as a non-album single. The latter went double platinum in the United States.

On February 12, 2015, Drake released If You're Reading This It's Too Late onto iTunes with no prior announcement. Despite debate on whether it was an album^[150] or a mixtape,^[151] its commercial stance quantifies it as his fourth retail project with Cash Money Records, a scheme that was rumoured to allow Drake to leave the label.^[152][153] However, he eventually remained with Cash Money, and If You're Reading This It's Too Late sold over 1 million units in 2015, making Drake the first artist with a platinum project in 2015, as well as his fourth overall.^[113]

2015–2017: What a Time to Be Alive, Views, and More Life

On July 31, 2015, Drake released four singles: "Back to Back", "Charged Up", "Hotline Bling", and "Right Hand". On September 20, 2015, Drake released a collaborative mixtape with Future,^[154][155] which was recorded in Atlanta in just under a week.^[156] What a Time to Be Alive debuted at number one on the Billboard 200, making Drake the first hip hop artist to have two projects reach number one in the same year since 2004.^[157] It was later certified 2× multi platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for combined sales, streaming and track-sales equivalent of over 2 million units.^[158] Drake also appeared on the cover of The Fader for their 100th issue.^[159] Drake announced in January 2016 that his fourth studio album would be launched during the spring, releasing the promotional single "Summer Sixteen" later that month. The album was originally titled Views from the 6, but was later shortened to Views.^[160] "Summer Sixteen" debuted at number six on the US Billboard Hot 100, and proved controversial, with Drake comparing his standing in hip hop to more tenured artists. This move divided many contemporary music critics, describing his self-comparison as "goodly brash" or "conventionally disrespectful."^{[161][162][163]} It was also interpreted as a diss track towards Tory Lanez, who was unhappy at Drake for popularizing the term "The Six" when referencing Toronto.^[164][165]

Drake soon released the album's lead singles, "Pop Style" and the dancehall-infused "One Dance", on April 5. Both debuted within the top 40 of the Billboard Hot 100;^[166] however, the latter proved more commercially successful, with "One Dance" becoming Drake's first number-one single in Canada and the US as a leading artist.^[167][168] The single also became Drake's first number one single as a lead artist in the United Kingdom, and peaked at number one in Germany, France, Australia, Brazil, Sweden, Belgium, Norway and the Netherlands.^[169][170] During an episode for OVO Sound Radio, Drake confirmed the album's release date of April 29, and followed it up with various promotional videos.^[171] On October 15, "One Dance" became Spotify's most-streamed song ever, amassing over 882 million plays as of October 2016.^[172] it also became the first song in history to hit 1 billion streams on spotify on December 16, 2016^[173]

Drake performing at the Summer Sixteen Tour in Toronto in 2016

Views was previewed in London before its premiere on Beats 1 a day later. It was released as an Apple Music and iTunes exclusive on April 29 before being made available to various other platforms later that week.^[174][175] Views would become Drake's most commercially successful album, sitting atop the Billboard 200 for thirteen nonconsecutive weeks, as well as simultaneously leading the Billboard Hot 100 and the Billboard 200 for eight weeks. It also achieved sextuple-platinum status in the U.S., and earned over 1 million album-equivalent units in the first week of its release, as well as gaining over half-billion overall streams of the album.^{[176][177][178]} Despite its success, critical opinion towards the album remained much divided, drawing criticism for being overlong and lacking in a cohesive theme, while also claiming Drake was not challenging himself artistically, as opposed to his contemporaries.^[179] He later released a short film titled Please Forgive Me, starring Swedish twin models Elizabeth and Victoria Lejonhjärta who are frequent collaborators with him.^[180] As of 2019, Views remains Drake's best-selling album in pure sales.^[181]

Drake returned to host Saturday Night Live on May 14, serving as the show's musical guest.^[182] Later, Drake was named as a member of the Forbes Five, which ranks the wealthiest artists in hip-hop, placing fifth after Birdman, Jay-Z, Dr. Dre, and Diddy respectively.^[183] Drake and Future then announced the Summer Sixteen Tour to showcase their collective mixtape, as well as their respective studio albums. This marked Drake's third co-headlining tour, which began in Austin, Texas, on July 20.^{[184][185][186]} On July 23, Drake announced that he was working on a new project, scheduled to be released in early 2017,^[187] and was later named as the headline act for the 2016 iHeartRadio Music Festival.^[188] The latter dates of the Summer Sixteen Tour were postponed, however, due to Drake suffering an ankle injury.^[189] According to Pollstar, the Summer Sixteen Tour was revealed to be the highest grossing hip-hop tour of all time, with gross of $84.3 million across 56 dates between July and October 2016. This dethroned the previous record of $75.6 million through 63 dates for the Watch the Throne Tour.^[190]

During the 2016 OVO Festival, Kanye West confirmed that he and Drake had begun working on a collaborative album.^[191] Soon after, the music video for "Child's Play" was released, depicting Drake and Tyra Banks playing a couple encountering relationship issues at the Cheesecake Factory in a reference to one of the song's lyrics.^[192] On September 26, Please Forgive Me was released as an Apple Music exclusive. It ran a total of 25 minutes, and featured music from Views.^[193] At the 2016 BET Hip-Hop Awards, Drake received the most nominations, with 10,^[194] winning the awards for Album of the Year and Best Hip-Hop Video.^[195][196] Drake later announced the Boy Meets World Tour on October 10, with twenty-six dates announced for the course of the tour in Europe.^[197] Seven additional dates were added a day later due to overwhelming demand.^[198]

Drake at the premiere of The Carter Effect at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival

Soon after, during an episode of OVO Sound Radio, Drake confirmed he would be releasing a project titled More Life in December. However, he later pushed the date back to the new year. The project was described as a "playlist of original music", rather than being classified as a traditional mixtape or solo album.^[199] He was later revealed to be Spotify's most streamed artist for the second consecutive year in 2016, amassing a total 4.7 billion streams for all projects on the service, which is more than double the amount of streams he had in 2015.^[200] Drake later secured his second and third Grammy Awards, winning for Best Rap/Sung Performance and Best Rap Song at the 59th ceremony.^[201] Despite multiple setbacks, Drake announced More Life would be released on March 18, 2017, via a series of multiple video commercials released through Instagram.^[202] Upon release, More Life received mostly positive reviews, and debuted atop the Billboard 200, earning 505,000 album-equivalent units in its first week.^[203] It also set a streaming record, becoming the highest ever streamed album in 24 hours, with a total of 89.9 million streams on Apple Music alone. The album also garnered 61.3 million streams on Spotify, dethroning Ed Sheeran's ÷ as the highest opening on the service in a single day.^[204] He later won 13 awards at the 2017 Billboard Music Awards in May, which saw him breaking the record for the most wins in a single show.^[205] Billboard also reported Drake had been present on the Hot 100 chart for eight consecutive years, and has the most recorded entries by a solo artist.^[206] He later declined to submit More Life for consideration at the 2018 Grammy Awards, stemming from his displeasure at "Hotline Bling" being "pigeonholed" into the rap category.^[207]

He then released the single "Signs" on June 24, as well as reuniting with Metro Boomin on a single with Offset.^[208][209] The singles marked his first releases since More Life, with "Signs" was initially released as a collaboration between Drake and French fashion house Louis Vuitton, as part of the "Louis Vuitton Men's Spring-Summer 2018" fashion show.^[210]

Drake hosted the first annual NBA Awards on June 26, and starred in multiple commercials alongside his father in promotion of Virginia Black.^[211][212] Drake also appeared in The Carter Effect documentary, honouring the basketball career of Vince Carter, who was the first superstar player to play for the Toronto Raptors since the franchise's inception in 1995.^[213] The documentary also featured NBA players Chris Bosh, Tracy McGrady, Steve Nash, and LeBron James.

2018–2019: Scorpion and Care Package; return to television

After rumours circulated of Drake possibly collaborating with various artists, including rapper Trippie Redd and producer Pi'erre Bourne, for his new studio album, multiple snippets of songs were leaked near the closing end of 2017.^{[214][215][216]} Two songs would later be released as members of a mini EP, titled Scary Hours, on January 20, 2018, marking Drake's first solo release since More Life, as well as his first appearance on any song after featuring on a remix of the Jay-Z song "Family Feud" with Lil Wayne, as the lead single of the latter's Dedication 6: Reloaded mixtape.^[217] Scary Hours featured the songs "Diplomatic Immunity" and "God's Plan", which both debuted within the top-ten, with the latter eventually breaking various streaming records as it debuted at number one on the US Billboard Hot 100.^{[218][219][220]} The song was Drake's first song as a solo artist to reach number one, his second chart topper as a lead artist and fourth chart topper overall. it also became his first ever song to be certified Diamond by the RIAA^[221] it is currently tied for the fourth highest certified digital single ever in the US^[222]

Drake earned his 70th top 40 entry after featuring on the Migos song "Walk It Talk It", which debuted at number eighteen, and peaked at number ten.^[223] He was later featured on BlocBoy JB's debut single "Look Alive", which was released on February 9, 2018.^[224] The song's entry at number six on the Hot 100 made Drake the rapper with the most top 10 hits on the Hot 100, with 23.^[225] He then featured on a remix to "Lemon", a song originally released as a collaboration between band N.E.R.D and Rihanna. On April 5, Drake announced he was finishing his fifth studio album and he was releasing a single later that night.^[226] On April 6, "Nice for What" was released, alongside a music video directed by Karena Evans, which featured several female celebrities.^[227][228]

After "Nice For What" replaced his own "God's Plan" on the Billboard Hot 100 at number one, making him the first artist to have a new number-one debut replace their former number-one debut, Drake announced the title of his fifth studio album as Scorpion, with a planned release date of June 29, 2018.^[229][230] He then released "I'm Upset" on May 26 as the album's third single.^[231] Scorpion was then released as a double-album, and marked Drake's longest project, with a run-time of just under 90 minutes. The album broke both the one-day global records on Spotify and Apple Music, as it gained 132.45 million and 170 million plays on each streaming service, respectively.^[232] It eventually sold 749,000 album equivalent units in its first week of sales, and debuted at number one on the Billboard 200.^[233][234] In 2018, articles by The Guardian and Rolling Stone called him "the definitive pop star of his generation" and "perhaps [the] biggest post-Justin Timberlake male pop star of the new millennium", respectively.^[235][236]

Shortly thereafter, Drake collaborated with British hip hop promotion Link Up TV on July 7, releasing a freestyle as a part of the promotion's 'Behind Barz' segment,^[237] before releasing another freestyle a week later after featuring on Charlie Sloth's long-running Fire in the Booth program on BBC Radio 1Xtra.^[238] Drake then earned his sixth number-one hit with "In My Feelings" on July 21,^[239] which also spawned the viral "#InMyFeelingsChallenge" or "#KiKiChallenge".^{[240][241][242]} The success of "In My Feelings" also made Drake the record holder for most number one hits among rappers.^[243] Soon after, he released the music video for "Nonstop", which was filmed in London during his surprise performance at the Wireless Festival.^[244]

He then appeared on the Travis Scott album Astroworld, featuring uncredited vocals for his song "Sicko Mode", which peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot 100.^[245] Drake announced in July 2018 that he planned to "take 6 months to a year" to himself to return to television and films, producing the television series Euphoria and Top Boy.^[246] He then began the Aubrey & the Three Migos Tour with co-headliners Migos on August 12. This preceded a collaboration with Bad Bunny titled "Mia", which featured Drake performing in Spanish.^[247] He subsequently received the award for Hot Ticket Performer at the 2018 BET Hip Hop Awards on October 16. During a performance in Edmonton on November 7, Drake announced his intention to begin composing his next project in early 2019.^[248]

In February 2019, he received his fourth Grammy Award for Best Rap Song, for "God's Plan", at the 61st Annual Grammy Awards.^[249] During his speech, producers abruptly cut to a commercial break, leading viewers to speculate they were censoring his speech during which he criticized The Recording Academy.^[250] A legal representative for the academy then released a statement stating "a natural pause [led] the producers [to] assume that he was done and cut to commercial," and added the organization offered him an opportunity to return to stage, but he declined.^[251]

On February 14, Drake re-released his third mixtape, So Far Gone, onto streaming services for the first time to commemorate its 10-year anniversary,^[252] and later collaborated with Summer Walker on a remix of Walker's song "Girls Need Love", marking his first release of 2019.^[253] On April 10, during a performance on the Assassination Vacation Tour, he announced he was working on a new album.^[254] On June 8, Drake appeared on Chris Brown's single "No Guidance".^[255] On June 15, Drake released two songs, "Omertà" and "Money in the Grave", on his EP The Best in the World Pack to celebrate the NBA Championship win of the Toronto Raptors.^[256] On August 2, he released the compilation album Care Package, consisting of songs released between 2010 and 2016 that were initially unavailable for purchase or commercial streaming;^[257] it debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 with 109,000 album equivalent units in its first week of sales ^[258]

2019–2021: Dark Lane Demo Tapes and Certified Lover Boy

Drake released the song "War" on December 24, 2019, with an accompanying music video, which was widely noted for its UK drill-inspired instrumental.^{[259][260][261]} The following day, in an interview with Rap Radar, it was revealed that he was in the process of completing his sixth studio album.^[262] On January 10, 2020, Drake collaborated with Future on the song "Life Is Good", which appeared on the album High Off Life.^[263] On January 31, the pair again collaborated on the song "Desires", although it was released for free after being leaked.^[264] On February 29, Drake released the songs "When to Say When" and "Chicago Freestyle" with a combined music video.^[265] On April 3, he released "Toosie Slide" with a music video, which features a dance created in collaboration with social media influencer Toosie.^[266] It debuted at number one on the Billboard Hot 100, making Drake the first male artist to have three songs debut at number one.^[267]

On May 1, 2020, Drake released the commercial mixtape Dark Lane Demo Tapes, with guest appearances from Chris Brown, Future, Young Thug, Fivio Foreign, Playboi Carti, and Sosa Geek.^[268] He also announced that his sixth studio album would be released in the summer of 2020.^[269] The mixtape is a compilation of new songs and tracks that leaked on the internet.^[270] It received mixed reviews and debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 with 223,000 album-equivalent units,^[271] and at number one on the UK Albums Chart, earning 20,000 units in its first week.^[272]

On July 17, Drake was featured on DJ Khaled's singles "Greece" and "Popstar",^[273] debuting at numbers eight and three on the Billboard Hot 100, respectively, becoming Drake's record-extending 24th and 25th debuts in the Hot 100's top 10. It also became his 39th and 40th Hot 100 top ten entries, breaking Madonna's record for most Hot 100 top ten hits.^[274] On July 20, Drake and Headie One released the drill track "Only You Freestyle", making it the third drill-inspired song he released in 2020, after "War" and "Demons", both of which appear on Dark Lane Demo Tapes.^[275] On August 14, "Laugh Now Cry Later" featuring Lil Durk was released, which was intended as the lead single from Drake's album Certified Lover Boy,^[276] but not included on the final track listing. It debuted at number two on the Hot 100, and was nominated for Best Melodic Rap Performance and Best Rap Song at the 63rd Annual Grammy Awards.

On September 3, the video for "Popstar" was released, in which Drake makes a cameo appearance.^[277] On October 2, Drake was the sole guest appearance on Bryson Tiller's album Anniversary (2020), on the song "Outta Time".^[278] He subsequently appeared on the remix to "You're Mines Still", alongside Yung Bleu on October 16;^[279] just over a week later, on his 34th birthday, Drake announced Certified Lover Boy was set to be released in January 2021.^[280][281] This was later pushed back to an unspecified date after he sustained a knee injury which required surgery.^[282]

On December 1, he reunited with Lil Wayne on "B.B. King Freestyle", the lead single from the latter's double-disc mixtape No Ceilings 3 (2020).^[283] In January 2021, Drake became the first artist to surpass 50 billion combined streams on Spotify.^[284] He later collaborated with Drakeo the Ruler on the single "Talk to Me", which was released on February 23.^[285] On March 5, Drake released an EP titled Scary Hours 2, which includes three songs: "What's Next", "Wants and Needs" with Lil Baby, and "Lemon Pepper Freestyle" with Rick Ross.^[286] These three songs entered the charts at numbers one, two, and three, respectively, making Drake the first artist to have three songs debut in the top three on the Billboard Hot 100.^[287] He then appeared on the single "Solid" from the YSL Records compilation Slime Language 2, alongside Gunna and Young Thug.^[288] "Solid" was originally meant to appear on Certified Lover Boy, and to only feature Gunna.^[289] On May 14, Drake was featured alongside mentor Lil Wayne on former labelmate Nicki Minaj's "Seeing Green", a new song on the streaming re-release of her 2009 mixtape Beam Me Up Scotty.^[290] Two weeks later, he was named Artist of the Decade at the 2021 Billboard Music Awards.^[291] On June 12, he featured on Migos' "Having Our Way", from the group's third studio album, Culture III (2021),^[292] and on July 1, collaborated with Brent Faiyaz and The Neptunes on the song "Wasting Time".^[293] On July 23, Drake appeared on "Over the Top" with Smiley, the newest signee to OVO Sound.^[294][295]

During an appearance on Fri Yiy Friday, a radio show supported by OVO Sound, Drake revealed Certified Lover Boy "is ready. [I'm] looking forward to delivering it".^[296] He then appeared on "Betrayal", a collaboration with Trippie Redd for Trip at Knight (2021).^[297] Certified Lover Boy was then released on September 3, 2021, becoming his tenth number-one album on the Billboard 200;^[298] every song debuted on the Billboard Hot 100, while the album was the first to chart nine songs on the top 10, with "Way 2 Sexy" becoming Drake's ninth number-one single. He subsequently set the record for the fourth-most cumulative weeks (52) at number one on the Hot 100, behind Mariah Carey (84), Rihanna (60), and The Beatles (59).^[299][300] He received a nomination for Best Global Act at the 2021 All Africa Music Awards,^[301] and appeared on Young Thug's Punk (2021), featuring on the song "Bubbly". On October 22, Drake featured on Majid Jordan's "Stars Align", the lead single to the duo's third album Wildest Dreams.^[302] Two weeks later, on November 5, Drake released a horror-themed black and white music video for "Knife Talk", the third single from Certified Lover Boy, with featured appearances by 21 Savage and Project Pat.^[303]

On November 6, he debuted the song "Give It Up" on OVO Sound Radio.^[304] Certified Lover Boy was nominated for Best Rap Album and "Way 2 Sexy" was nominated for Best Rap Performance at the 64th Annual Grammy Awards.^[305] He was later named Billboard's Top Artist of the Year for 2021,^[306] and was the fourth most streamed artist on Spotify for the year, and the most streamed rapper.^[307] On December 6, he withdrew his music for consideration for the Grammys, with multiple outlets noting his contentious relationship with the Recording Academy.^[207] Drake accumulated 8.6 billion on-demand streams in 2021, making him the most overall streamed artist of the year in the United States; one out of every 131 streams was a Drake song.^[308]

2022–present: Honestly, Nevermind, Her Loss, For All the Dogs and planned hiatus

On January 7, 2022, Drake was announced as a featured artist on Gunna's DS4Ever; he was included on the deluxe edition released a week later.^[309][310] On January 17, Drake announced another collaboration with DJ Khaled; this was reportedly recorded that June,^[311][312] and eventually released with Lil Baby on August 5 as "Staying Alive", the lead single from Khaled's thirteenth studio album God Did (2022).^[313] On March 3, Drake placed fourth on Forbes's ranking of highest paid rappers of 2021, with an estimated pre-tax income of $50 million,^[314] and then announced a return to touring, with two "interactive" concerts expected in Toronto and New York City.^[315] On March 23, he won Hip-Hop Artist of the Year at the 2022 iHeartRadio Music Awards.^[316] On April 16, it was calculated Drake generated more streams in 2021 than every song released prior to 1980 combined; his music accumulated 7.91 billion streams, while songs pre-1980 had generated 6.32 billion.^[317] Drake was then confirmed as a guest artist on Future's I Never Liked You (2022), featuring on the songs "Wait for U" alongside Tems and "I'm on One",^[318] the former of which debuted atop the Billboard Hot 100, becoming Drake's tenth number-one song and making him the tenth act to achieve ten number ones.^[319] On May 2, Jared Krichevsky, a Character and Creature Designer for Warner Bros. Pictures revealed the studio once sought to cast Drake as Victor Stone / Cyborg in an untitled television series, publishing concept art.^[320]

In Universal Music Group's Q1 earnings call on May 4, it was announced Drake re-signed with the company in a multifaceted deal, which includes recordings, publishing, merchandise, and "visual media projects"; although an official figure wasn't revealed, it was reported to be worth as high as $400 million, making it one of the largest recording contracts ever.^[321] On June 16, Drake announced his seventh album, Honestly, Nevermind, which released a day later; on the debut episode of his recently launched radio show Table for One on Sirius XM, he announced a poetry book with frequent writing collaborator Kenza Samir in 2022, and a yet undetermined release of the third iteration of his Scary Hours EP series.^[322] Honestly, Nevermind sold 204,000 album-equivalent units in its first week, becoming Drake's eleventh US number-one album and making him the fifth artist with over 10 number one albums, after the Beatles (19), Jay-Z (14), Bruce Springsteen, and Barbra Streisand (both 11). It was also the fourth-largest streaming week for any album in 2022, after Un Verano Sin Ti, Mr. Morale & The Big Steppers, and I Never Liked You.^[323] "Jimmy Cooks" also became Drake's eleventh US number-one song, although, the song "Texts Go Green" tied the record (held by Kendrick Lamar and Taylour Paige's "We Cry Together") for biggest single-week drop in Billboard Hot 100 history, falling from number 13 to number 94.^[324]

On July 14, it was announced Drake would reunite with former Young Money label mates Lil Wayne and Nicki Minaj on a three date Toronto exclusive concert series titled the "October World Weekend", on July 28, July 29, and August 1. The concerts are also set to feature both Chris Brown and Lil Baby, and is expected to be the first leg of the Road to OVO Fest Tour, a worldwide edition of OVO Fest to commemorate its 10th anniversary.^[325] On July 29, Drake was revealed as a collaborator on Beyoncé's Renaissance (2022), co-writing the song "Heated". On August 2, the music video for "Sticky", the second single from Honestly, Nevermind, was released.^[326] After the debut of "Staying Alive" on the US Billboard Hot 100, it marked the 30th Drake song to reach the top five on the chart, breaking a 55-year-old record for most songs to reach the top five on the chart (29), held by The Beatles.^[327] On October 5, 2022, Drake, in conjunction with SiriusXM, announced a special two-night live concert at the Apollo Theater in Harlem, New York for November 11 and 12;^[328] these were first delayed to that December and then delayed to January 2023, citing production delays.^[329] Drake then refused to submit his solo music for consideration at the 2023 Grammy Awards, refusing to submit his music for Grammy consideration for a second consecutive year.^[330] At the 2022 SOCAN Awards, Drake won Songwriter of the Year.^[331]

On October 22, Drake announced Her Loss, a collaborative album with 21 Savage which would release on October 28;^[332] it was then delayed to November 4 after Drake's longtime producer, 40, was diagnosed with COVID-19.^[333] At the 2022 People's Choice Awards, Drake was nominated for three awards: Male Artist of 2022, Song of 2022 (for "Wait for U" with Future and Tems), and Collaboration Song of 2022 (for "Jimmy Cooks" with 21 Savage).^[334] Her Loss debuted atop the Billboard 200, accumlating first week sales of 404,000 album-equivalent units. Eight of the album's songs debuted in the top ten on the Billboard Hot 100, extending Drake's record for most top ten entries, with 67 (with a record 49 as a lead artist).^[335] He is also the only artist to log eight top tens from one album twice.^[335] On November 15, Drake was nominated for four awards at the 2023 Grammy Awards: Album of the Year (for his writing on Beyoncé's Renaissance), Best Melodic Rap Performance (for "Wait for U"), and two for Best Rap Song (for "Churchill Downs" with Jack Harlow, and "Wait for U").^[336] A day later, he released the music video for "Rich Flex" from Her Loss.^[337]

On January 6, 2023, Drake was featured on "We Caa Done", the lead single to Popcaan's fifth studio album Great Is He (2023).^[338] In an interview that same month, producer Metro Boomin revealed he rejected the verse Drake recorded for the song "Trance" for his album Heroes & Villains (2022).^[339] On February 24, the music video for the song "Spin Bout U" from Her Loss was released.^[340] Four days later, he was announced to headline that year's Dreamville Festival, which took place on April 1–2 at Dorothea Dix Park in Raleigh, North Carolina.^[341] In February 2023, Drake was named the most streamed act ever on Spotify.^[342] On April 2, a song tentatively titled "Rescue Me" previewed on The Fry Yiy Show on SiriusXM Radio, which featured samples of Kim Kardashian from the final episode of Keeping Up with the Kardashians (2007–2021);^[343] it was released five days later, officially titled "Search & Rescue".^[344] The song peaked at number two on the Billboard Hot 100, with its potential number one debut having been thwarted by Morgan Wallen's song "Last Night".^[345] On July 21, 2023, Drake also teamed up with British rapper Central Cee on a freestyle track for the On the Radar Radio YouTube channel.^[346]

On July 23, 2023, Drake announced his poetry book titled Titles Ruin Everything. Upon promotion for the book, A QR code was made for fans to scan,^[347] once scanned the fans were redirected to a page with an announcement for the title of his eighth studio album, titled For All the Dogs,^[348] released on October 6, 2023.^[349] On September 15, 2023, Drake released the lead single of the album, "Slime You Out", featuring SZA.^[350] The song charted at number one on the US Billboard Hot 100. On September 16, 2023, Drake announced that the album is postponed to October 6.^[351] On October 5, 2023, Drake surprise-released a song titled "8AM in Charlotte" on his social media accounts making it the albums second released single.^[352]

Influences

Drake has cited several hip hop artists as influencing his rapping style, including Kanye West,^[353] Jay-Z,^[354] MF Doom,^[355] and Lil Wayne,^[356] while also attributing various R&B artists as influential to the incorporation of the genre into his own music, including Aaliyah^[357] and Usher.^[358] Drake has also credited several dancehall artists for later influencing his Caribbean-inflected style, including Vybz Kartel, whom he has called one of his "biggest inspirations".^[359][360] He has been credited with performing and attracting fans from many cultures such as Spanish in the song Mia,^[361] Arabic in the song Greece,^[362] Portuguese in Ela É do Tipo,^[363] French in Sticky^[364] and Punjabi in an upcoming song with Sidhu Moose Wala and Wazir Patar.^{[365][366][367][368]}

Musical style

Drake has credited Kanye West (left) and Aaliyah (right) as being his biggest musical influences.

Drake is considered to be a pop rap artist.^[369] While Drake's earlier music primarily spanned hip hop and R&B, his music has delved into pop and trap since the albums Nothing Was the Same (2013) and Views (2016).^[370] Additionally, his music has drawn influence from regional scenes, including Jamaican dancehall^[360] and UK drill.^[261] Drake is known for his egotistical lyrics, technical ability, and integration of personal backstory when dealing with relationships with women.^[371] His vocal abilities have been lauded for an audible contrast between typical hip-hop beats and melody, with sometimes abrasive rapping coupled with softer accents, delivered on technical lyricism.^[372]

His songs often include audible changes in lyrical pronunciation in parallel with his upbringing in Toronto, and connections with Caribbean and Middle Eastern countries which include such phrases as "ting", "touching road", "talkin' boasy" and "gwanin' wassy".^[372] Most of his songs contain R&B and Canadian hip hop elements, and he combines rapping with singing.^[373] He credits his father with the introduction of singing into his rap mixtapes, which have become a staple in his musical repertoire. His incorporation of melody into technically complex lyrics was supported by Lil Wayne, and has subsequently been a critically acclaimed component to Drake's singles and albums.^[374] Drake's style of R&B is characterized by vacant beats and a rap-sung dichotomy, which has also seen incredible mainstream success, spawing several imitators.^[375]

The lyrical content that Drake deploys is typically considered to be emotional^[376] or boastful.^[377] However, Drake is often revered for incorporating "degrading" themes of money, drug use, and women into newer, idealized contexts, often achieving this through his augmentation of the typical meaning of phrases in which he combines an objective and subjective perspective into one vocal delivery. His songs often maintain tension between "pause and pace, tone timbre, and volume and vocal fermata."^[378] Drake is credited with innovating what has been referred to as "hyper-reality rap", characterized by its focus on themes of celebrity as distinct from the "real world."^[379]

Legal issues

On May 31, 2009, Drake was robbed at gunpoint in Toronto's Little Italy district and was forced to forfeit a gold and diamond necklace, an Audemars Piguet watch, and $2,000. Soccerties Cotterell and Paul Lelutiu were initially charged with armed robbery, conspiracy to commit armed robbery, three counts of pointing a firearm and possession of stolen property. All charges were later dropped, except conspiracy to commit armed robbery, to which the men pleaded guilty. They were sentenced to time served, amounting to just over six months in jail.^[445] In April 2017, Mesha Collins was arrested for criminal trespass after breaking into Drake's home in Calabasas; although no criminal charges were brought, Collins filed a $4 billion lawsuit against Drake for defamation in June 2021,^[446] which was dismissed that December.^[447] Drake then filed a restraining order against Collins in March 2022,^[448] which was granted that April.^[449] In March 2021, an unidentified woman armed with a knife was arrested after a failed attempt to break into Drake's Toronto home.^[450] In January 2023, a man was arrested for burglarizing Drake's L.A. home.^[451]

In 2012, singer Ericka Lee filed a lawsuit against Drake for the usage of her voice on "Marvins Room". Claiming to have provided the female vocals, Lee also alleged she was owed songwriting credits and royalties.^[452] Despite Drake's legal team countering by claiming that Lee simply requested a credit in the liner notes of the album, the matter was resolved in February 2013, with both parties agreeing to an out-of-court settlement.^[453] In 2014, Drake was sued for $300,000 for sampling "Jimmy Smith Rap", a 1982 single by jazz musician Jimmy Smith. The suit was filed by Smith's estate, who said Drake never asked for permission when sampling it for the intro on "Pound Cake / Paris Morton Music 2", claiming Smith himself would have disagreed as he disliked hip hop.^[454][455] Drake would win the lawsuit in 2017, with federal judge William Pauley ruling the content used was transformative, and there was no liability for copyright infringement.^[456] Also in 2014, it emerged that Drake was sued by rapper Rappin' 4-Tay, claiming Drake misused his lyrics when collaborating with YG on the song "Who Do You Love?". He sought $100,000 for mistreatment and artistic theft, which Drake paid to the rapper later that year.^[457] In 2016, Drake caused a nightclub in Oklahoma City to close down, due to his usage of marijuana and other illegal drugs being prevalent at the club.^[458] In December 2021, Drake sued jeweler Ori Vechler and his company Gemma LTD for incorrectly using his likeness in promotional material; he also sought to return three items he purchased.^[459] In December 2022, a lawsuit brought by rapper Angelou Skywalker, who alleged that Drake stole his song "Reach for Skies" to make "Way 2 Sexy", was dismissed following "repeated misconduct" by Skywalker against prosecutors and U.S. district judge Colleen Kollar-Kotelly, who presided over the case; Skywalker was accused of filing no less than 50 irrelevant motions and was handed a restraining order, preventing contact with Drake.^[460]

In 2017, Drake was embroiled in another lawsuit, being sued by producer Detail (Noel Fisher) over an alleged assault in 2014. Fisher claimed Drake's bodyguard, Nessel "Chubbs" Beezer, punched him in the face and allegedly broke his jaw over musical and financial disputes. Fisher also said the injuries caused him to be hospitalized for days and had to undergo several surgeries, following which he sued for damages related to medical bills and physical and emotional suffering.^[461] The case, which was set to undergo trial in May 2018, was dismissed by Superior Court Judge Elaine Lu after Fisher failed to show up for a final status conference. Lu ruled that Beezer solely acted in self-defense.^[462]

In January 2019, Drake, Odell Beckham Jr., and Younes Bendjima were sued by a man named Bennett Sipes in regards to an alleged assault that occurred outside of a L.A. nightclub in 2018. Sipes claims he suffered "traumatic brain injury, as well as injuries to his back, neck, shoulders, etc." on March 24, 2018, when he was attacked by Bendjima, as well as members of Drake and Beckham's entourages in an alley near the nightclub and sought $250,000 in damages. The suit alleges Drake and Beckham followed their respective crews to the alley to watch Sipes get attacked. A video of the incident was recorded using the on-site surveillance system.^[463] The suit was eventually settled out of court.^[464]

In October 2021, Drake and Chris Brown were sued by Braindon Cooper and Timothy Valentine for copyright infringement between "No Guidance" and their own song "I Love Your Dress",^{[465][466][467]} but Drake was dropped by Cooper and Valentine from the lawsuit in April 2022.^[468] Drake was handed another copyright lawsuit from Samuel Nicholas, citing infringement from Drake's "In My Feelings" and "Nice For What".^[469] That November, he was named co-defendant with Travis Scott in a multi-claimant lawsuit for inciting "a riot and violence" at the Astroworld Festival,^[470] to which he released a statement;^[471] he reportedly delayed the release of "Splash Brothers", a collaboration with French Montana, as a result.^[472]

On July 14, 2022, Drake was detained by Swedish police, reportedly stemming from drugs present within a Stockholm nightclub.^[473] That November, Drake and 21 Savage were sued by Condé Nast, the publisher of Vogue, for using the Vogue name without permission to promote their collaborative album Her Loss;^[474][475] Drake and 21 Savage "voluntarily ceased" to a preliminary injunction to stop using Vogue trademarks to promote the album,^[476] and later reached a settlement with Condé Nast.^[477] In February 2023, Drake was ordered to appear for a deposition in the XXXTentacion murder trial after the defense team for Dedrick Williams — one of the three suspects — listed Drake as a potential witness, related to the purported feud between Drake and XXXTentacion; Drake was subpoenaed the month prior, and failed to show for his scheduled deposition date of January 27; the rescheduled deposition was set for February 24.^[478] It was later reported that armed guards at Drake's Beverly Hills home refused to accept the service of the deposition on February 14, which Drake's lawyer, Bradon Cohen, argued was not properly served in compliance with California law and done solely to "inject celebrity spectacle in a routine trial", ultimately leading to the deposition being dismissed.^[479]

Feuds

Drake and Chris Brown were allegedly involved in a physical altercation in June 2012 when Drake and his entourage threw glass bottles at Brown in a SoHo nightclub in Manhattan, New York City. Chris Brown tweeted about the incident, and criticized Drake in music until 2013, including on the "R.I.P." remix.^{[480][481][482]} Despite no response from Drake, he and Brown both appeared in a comedic skit for the 2014 ESPY Awards, and rehearsed the skit together prior to the televised airing, virtually ending the dispute.^[483] The pair later collaborated on "No Guidance" in 2019.^[484]

In December 2014, Drake was involved in another altercation, being punched by Diddy outside the LIV nightclub in Miami, Florida. The altercation was reported to be over Drake's usage of the instrumental for "0 to 100 / The Catch Up", allegedly produced by Boi-1da for Diddy, before Drake appropriated the track for his own use. Drake was later rushed to the ER after aggravating an old arm injury during the dispute.^[485] Drake was also involved in a feud with Tyga, stemming from Tyga's negative comments about him during an interview with Vibe magazine.^[486] Drake would later respond on "6 God" and "6PM in New York", which has been interpreted as directly involved in Tyga's abrupt removal from Young Money Entertainment.^[487]

Further controversy arose in July 2015 when it was alleged by Meek Mill that Drake had used ghostwriters during recording sessions for "RICO", one of the lead singles off Mill's second studio album. This proceeded further allegations that Drake did not help in promotion of the album, due to Mill discovering the ghostwriter, widely believed to be Quentin Miller.^[488] Despite Miller collaborating with Drake and receiving past credits, Mill assured that Miller had written Drake's verse for "R.I.C.O." Soon after, Funkmaster Flex aired reference tracks in support of Mill's claims, notably for "R.I.C.O.", "10 Bands", and "Know Yourself". This prompted Drake to respond with two diss tracks, titled "Charged Up"^[489] and "Back to Back",^[490] in the space of four days. Mill would later respond with "Wanna Know",^[491] before removing it from SoundCloud weeks later.^[492] Following several subliminal disses^{[493][494][495]} from either artist,^[496] Drake further sought to denounce Funkmaster Flex while performing in New York (Flex's home state) on the Summer Sixteen Tour.^[497][498] Following Mill's prison sentencing for probation violation, Drake stated "Free Meek Mill" at a concert in Australia, and ended their rivalry on "Family Feud";^[499] the pair later collaborated on "Going Bad" in 2019.^[500]

Pusha T would also use the same rationale to criticize Drake on "Infrared" in 2018,^[501] leading Drake to respond with the "Duppy Freestyle" diss track on May 25.^[502] Pusha T responded with "The Story of Adidon" on May 29, which presented several claims and revealed Drake's fatherhood.^[503] The pair are considered to have been in a rivalry since 2012, resulting from Pusha T's feuds with Lil Wayne and Birdman, with Drake yet to respond to "The Story of Adidon".^[504]

In 2016, Drake was embroiled in a feud with Joe Budden, stemming from Budden's derogatory comments when reviewing Views. Drake would allegedly respond to Budden through "4PM in Calabasas", prompting Budden to respond with two diss tracks in the space of five days, echoing the same sentiment Drake deployed during his feud with Meek Mill. Drake would later appear on "No Shopping" alongside French Montana, directly referencing Budden throughout the song, although, Montana claimed Drake's verse was recorded before the release of Budden's diss tracks. Despite Budden releasing two further songs in reference to Drake,^[505] he has yet to officially respond to Budden.^[506] In the same year, Drake dissed Kid Cudi on "Two Birds, One Stone" after Cudi launched an expletive-filled rant on the artist on Twitter.^[507] Cudi later checked into a rehabilitation facility following the release of the song, and continued to disparage Drake in further tweets;^[508] the pair eventually resolved their feud, and collaborated on "IMY2" in 2021.^[509]

In mid-2018, Drake was embroiled in a feud with long-time collaborator Kanye West.^[510] In an appearance on The Shop, Drake recounted several meetings with West, who voiced his desire to "be Quincy Jones" and work with Drake and replicate the producer-artist relationship between Jones and Michael Jackson.^[511] West requested Drake play and inform him of upcoming releases, while he gave Drake the instrumental to "Lift Yourself".^[512] West requested the pair work in Wyoming, with Drake arriving a day after close friend 40, who said West was instead recording an album. Judging the pair to have differing release schedules, Drake traveled to Wyoming,^[513] but "only worked on [West's] music"; they explored Drake's after he played West "March 14", which addressed Drake's relationship with his newborn son and co-parent.^[514] This prompted a conversation with West regarding his personal issues, after which, news of his son would be exposed by Pusha T,^[515] which Drake concluded was revealed to him by West; West also released "Lift Yourself" as a solo song and produced "Infrared". Drake then denounced West in songs and live performances.^[516][517] West would retaliate in a series of tweets in late 2018, and the pair continued to respond on social media and in music as of late 2021,^[518] which included Drake leaking West's song "Life of the Party".^[519] During their feud, West and Drake have had public attempts of reconciliation,^[520] which is reported to have occurred after they co-headlined a benefit concert in December 2021.^[521]

Drake has also been involved in reported feuds with DMX, music critic Anthony Fantano,^{[522][523][524]} Kendrick Lamar,^[525] Common,^[526] The Weeknd,^[527] XXXTentacion, Jay-Z, Tory Lanez,^[528] and Ludacris,^[529] although the latter five, as well as his feud with DMX, have been reported to be resolved.^{[530][531][532]}

Endorsements

Prior to venturing into business, Drake garnered several endorsement deals with various companies, notably gaining one with Sprite following his mention of drinking purple drank, a concoction that contains Sprite as a key ingredient.^[533][534] In the aftermath of his highly publicized feud with Meek Mill, Drake was also endorsed by fast food restaurants Burger King, White Castle and Whataburger.^[535] Business magazine Forbes commented his endorsement deals and business partnerships "combined heavily" for Drake's reported pre-tax earnings at $94 million between June 2016 to June 2017, being one of the highest-paid celebrities during that period.^[536] Drake receives an endorsement of $100 million per annum from the gambling firm Stake.com.^[537]

OVO Sound

The logo of Drake's OVO Sound imprint

During the composition of Nothing Was the Same, Drake started his own record label in late 2012 with producer Noah "40" Shebib and business partner Oliver El-Khatib. Drake sought for an avenue to release his own music, as well helping in the nurturing of other artists, while Shebib and El-Khatib yearned to start a label with a distinct sound, prompting the trio to team up to form OVO Sound.^[538] The name is an abbreviation derived from the October's Very Own moniker Drake used to publish his earlier projects. The label is currently distributed by Warner Bros. Records.

Drake, 40, and PartyNextDoor were the label's inaugural artists. The label houses artists including Drake, PartyNextDoor, Majid Jordan, Roy Woods, and dvsn,^[539] as well as producers including 40, Boi-1da, Nineteen85, and Future the Prince.

Toronto Raptors

On September 30, 2013, at a press conference with Maple Leaf Sports and Entertainment CEO Tim Leiweke,^[540] Drake was announced as the new "global ambassador" of the Toronto Raptors, joining the executive committee of the NBA franchise. It was announced together with the 2016 NBA All-Star Game being awarded to the Air Canada Centre in Toronto.^{[541][542][543]} This was also the setting where Drake was given The Key to the City.^[544] In the role, it was announced that Drake would help to promote and serve as a host of festivities, beginning with the All-Star Game. He would also provide consulting services to rebrand the team, helping to redesign its image and clothing line in commemoration of the franchise's 20th anniversary.^{[540][545][546][547]} He also collaborated with the Raptors on pre-game practice jerseys, t-shirts, and sweatsuits,^[548] and began hosting an annual "Drake Night" segment with the organization, beginning in 2013.^[549]

Entertainment

Cuisine

Two months prior to the release of Views, Drake announced the development of Virginia Black, a bourbon-based whiskey.^[569] This would be his second foray into selling foodstuffs, previously partnering with celebrity chef Susur Lee to open Fring's Restaurant and Antonio Park to open the sports bar Pick 6ix, both in Toronto and eventually closed.^[570][571] Virginia Black was created and distributed by Proximo Spirits and Brent Hocking,^[572] a spirits producer who founded DeLeón Tequila in 2008.^[573] The company described the partnership as "fruitful [as they] share a passion for style, music, and the pursuit of taste [on] a quest to redefine whiskey."^[574] In 2021, using ratings compiled from Vivino and complimentary website Distiller, Virginia Black was ranked the worst value celebrity liquor for quality and price.^[575]

The product was launched in June 2016, and contained two, three and four-year old Bourbon whiskies. The company sold over 4,000 bottles in the first week domestically.^[576] The brand was also promoted and marketed through Drake's music and various tours, such as being part of the "Virginia Black VIP Lounge" additional package available for purchase during the Summer Sixteen Tour. Virginia Black shipped a further 30,000 units when rollout was extended to select international markets in late 2016.^[577] The company later aired commercials with Drake's father, Dennis Graham, which featured the mock tagline of "The Realest Dude Ever" (in reference toward "The Most Interesting Man in the World" tagline employed by Dos Equis) after extending the sale of the drink to Europe in 2017.^[212] In 2019, Drake began collaborating with Hocking on Mod Sélection, a luxury range of champagne,^[578] and in May 2021, formed part of a $40 million series B investment funding round led by D1 Capital Partners in Daring Foods Inc., a vegan meat analogue corporation.^[579] That September, he purchased a minority stake in Californian food chain Dave's Hot Chicken,^[580] and organized a promotion on October 24, 2022, to give away free chicken to Toronto residents on his 36th birthday.^[581]

Fashion

In December 2013, Drake announced he was signing with Nike and Air Jordan, saying "growing up, I'm sure we all idolized Michael Jordan. I [am] officially inducted into the Team Jordan family."^[582] Drake also released his own collection of Air Jordans, dubbed the "Air Jordan OVOs".^[583] This foresaw collaborations between OVO and Canada Goose,^[584] in which various items of clothing were produced.^[585] In 2020, A Bathing Ape announced a collaboration with Drake, releasing an OVO x BAPE collection of clothing,^[586] while he also partnered with candle manufacturer Revolve to create "Better World Fragrance", a line of scented candles.^[587][588]

In December 2020, Drake announced Nocta, a sub-label with Nike. In a press release, Drake said "I always felt like there was an opportunity for Nike to embrace an entertainer the same way [as] athletes," he wrote, "to be associated with the highest level possible was always my goal."^[589] The apparel line is named after Drake's "nocturnal creative process", in which Nike described as a "collection for the collective", and noted by GQ as "fashion-forward, minimal-inspired sportswear".^[590] One clothing item features an image of Drake's muses, Elizabeth and Victoria Lejonhjärta, with a poem.^[591] After the first collection sold out, another was released in February 2021, which introduced t-shirts, adjustable caps, a utility vest, and a lightweight jacket.^[592] That July, OVO released the "Weekender Collection", which includes a line of hoodies, velour sweatsuits, t-shirts, shorts, and accessories for women.^[593] OVO then released a "Winter Survival Collection" that December which included puffer jackets, vests, and parkas made with 700-fill down and Oeko-Tex certified down feathers.^[594] They followed this with limited Jurassic Park-themed collection and an indoor footwear collaboration with Suicoke,^[595] as well as a Playboy-collaborated capsule collection.^[596]

In July 2022, a capsule inspired by and in collaboration with Mike Tyson was released, featuring both blouson jackets and caps.^[597] In conjunction with Spotify's 12-year, $540 million sponsorship deal with FC Barcelona, the club wore special edition OVO owl silhouette branded jerseys in their El Clásico match against Real Madrid CF on October 16, 2022.^[598] OVO then partnered with former professional ice hockey player Tie Domi and fashion retailer Roots Canada to release a capsule collection on October 28, matching Domi's jersey number for the New York Rangers and Toronto Maple Leafs;^[599] a capsule collection was later released in collaboration with the Maple Leafs in November.^[600]

Health and residences

A Boeing 767-200 airplane similar to the one Drake acquired in 2020

Drake lives in Toronto, Ontario, in a 35,000-square-foot, $100 million estate nicknamed "The Embassy",^[601] which was built from the ground-up in 2017,^[602][603] and is seen in the video to his song "Toosie Slide".^[604][605] He owned a home nicknamed the "YOLO Estate" in Hidden Hills, California, from 2012 to 2022,^[606] and bought a Beverly Crest home in 2022 from Robbie Williams for $70 million.^[607] He owns a condominium adjacent to the CN Tower.^[608] He also owns a Boeing 767,^[609][610] and in 2021, rented a $65 million multi-purpose property in Beverly Hills.^{[611][612][613]}

Drake has a variety of tattoos, some of which are symbols associated with personal accomplishments, such as a jack-o-lantern, "October Lejonhjärta" (transl. October Lionheart), owls, and a controversial Abbey Road (1969) inspired depiction of himself and the Beatles.^[614] He has portraits of Lil Wayne, Sade, Aaliyah, Jesús Malverde, Denzel Washington, 40, his parents, grandmother, maternal uncle, and son; and several related to Toronto, including the CN Tower and the number "416".^[615]

On August 18, 2021, Drake revealed he contracted COVID-19 amidst the pandemic, which led to temporary hair loss. He was also one of the first celebrities to publicly test for the virus in March 2020.^[616] He contracted the disease again in 2022, causing the postponement of reunion concerts with Lil Wayne and Nicki Minaj.^[617]

Family and relationships

Drake's paternal uncles are guitarists and songwriters Larry Graham and Teenie Hodges.^[618] Graham was a member of Sly and the Family Stone,^[619] while Hodges contributed to songs for Al Green, including "Love and Happiness", "Here I Am (Come and Take Me)", and "Take Me to the River".^[620][621]

Drake has two dogs, a snow white American Bully and an American Akita;^[622] he acquired another Akita in 2016, but gave the dog to a trainer not long after due to tour commitments.^[623]

He dated SZA between 2008 and 2009,^[624] and was in an on-again, off-again relationship with Rihanna from 2009 to 2016.^[625] He has mentioned the relationship in every one of his studio albums,^[626] and when presenting Rihanna with the Michael Jackson Video Vanguard Award in 2016, he said "she's a woman I've been in love with since I was 22 years old."^[627] On his relationship with her, he said on the talk show The Shop:

As life takes shape and teaches you your own lessons, I end up in this situation where I don't have the fairy tale [of] 'Drake started a family with Rihanna, [it's] so perfect.' It looks so good on paper [and] I wanted it too at one time.^[628]

Drake is a father to a son named Adonis, who was born on October 11, 2017, to French painter and former model Sophie Brussaux.^{[629][630][631]} Brussaux's pregnancy was the subject of several rumours after featuring in a TMZ article in early 2017.^[632] After the nature of the pair's relationship was discussed in Pusha T's "The Story of Adidon", Drake confirmed his fatherhood on the album Scorpion in 2018, citing a desire for his child's privacy.^[630][633]

Headlining

• Away from Home Tour (2010)
• Club Paradise Tour (2012)
• Would You Like a Tour? (2013–2014)
• Jungle Tour (2015; six date promotional tour)
• Boy Meets World Tour (2017)
• Assassination Vacation Tour (2019)

Co-headlining

• America's Most Wanted Tour (with Young Money) (2009)
• Drake vs. Lil Wayne (with Lil Wayne) (2014)
• Summer Sixteen Tour (with Future) (2016)
• Aubrey & the Three Migos Tour (with Migos) (2018)
• It's All a Blur Tour (with 21 Savage and J. Cole) (2023–2024)

Film

Television