Isaiah 37
The Great Isaiah Scroll, the best preserved of the biblical scrolls found at Qumran from the second century BC, contains all the verses in this chapter.
BookBook of Isaiah
Hebrew Bible partNevi'im
Order in the Hebrew part5
CategoryLatter Prophets
Christian Bible partOld Testament
Order in the Christian part23

Isaiah 37 is the thirty-seventh chapter of the Book of Isaiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Isaiah, and is one of the Books of the Prophets.

Text

The original text was written in Hebrew language. This chapter is divided into 38 verses.

Textual witnesses

Lachish reliefs, British Museum.

Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text tradition, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), Aleppo Codex (10th century), Codex Leningradensis (1008).[1]

Fragments containing parts of this chapter were found among the Dead Sea Scrolls (3rd century BC or later):

  • 1QIsaa: complete
  • 1QIsab: extant verses 7‑13
  • 4QIsab (4Q56): extant verses 29‑32

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BCE. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; B; 4th century), Codex Sinaiticus (S; BHK: S; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; Q; 6th century).[2]

Parashot

The parashah sections listed here are based on the Aleppo Codex.[3] Isaiah 37 is a part of the Narrative (Isaiah 36–39). {P}: open parashah; {S}: closed parashah.

{S} 37:1-14 {S} 37:15-32 {S} 37:33-35 {S} 37:36-38 {S}

Isaiah Assures Deliverance

Jerusalem
Hezekiah of Judah
The inscription of 'Jerusalem' and 'Hezekiah of Judah' on the prism of Sennacherib's Annals

Verse 2

Then he sent Eliakim, who was over the household, Shebna the scribe, and the elders of the priests, covered with sackcloth, to Isaiah the prophet, the son of Amoz.[4]

Verse 3

This is the message which he told them to give to Isaiah:
"Today is a day of suffering; we are being punished and are in disgrace.
We are like a woman who is ready to give birth, but is too weak to do it."[5]

A proverbial expression reflecting powerlessness.

Verses 6–7

6And Isaiah said to them, "Thus you shall say to your master, 'Thus says the Lord: "Do not be afraid of the words which you have heard, with which the servants of the king of Assyria have blasphemed Me. 7 Surely I will send a spirit upon him, and he shall hear a rumor and return to his own land; and I will cause him to fall by the sword in his own land."'"[6]

The promise in verse 7 about 'the king of Assyria' is taken up in verses 36–38 containing the account of its fulfillment.[7]

Defeat of Sennacherib's Army

British Museum
Taylor Prism, London
Oriental Institute Museum, University of Chicago
Oriental Institute Prism, Chicago
Israel Museum
Jerusalem Prism, Israel
Sennacherib's Annals of his military campaign (704-681 BC) include his invasion into the Kingdom of Judah

Verse 36

Then the angel of the Lord went out, and killed in the camp of the Assyrians one hundred and eighty-five thousand; and when people arose early in the morning, there were the corpses—all dead.[8]

Epilogue

Verse 38

And it came to pass, as he was worshipping in the house of Nisroch his god, that Adrammelech and Sharezer his sons smote him with the sword; and they escaped into the land of Armenia: and Esarhaddon his son reigned in his stead.[9]

According to Assyrian records, Sennacherib was assassinated in 681 BC, twenty years after the 701 BC invasion of Judah.[10]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Würthwein 1995, pp. 35–37.
  2. ↑ Würthwein 1995, pp. 73–74.
  3. ↑ As implemented in the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 edition of the Hebrew Bible in English.
  4. ↑ Isaiah 37:2 NKJV
  5. ↑ Isaiah 37:3 GNT
  6. ↑ Isaiah 37:6–7 NKJV
  7. ↑ Coggins 2007, p. 463.
  8. ↑ Isaiah 37:36 NKJV
  9. ↑ Isaiah 37:38 KJV
  10. ↑ J. D. Douglas, ed., New Bible Dictionary (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1965) 1160.
  11. ↑ De Breucker, Geert, in The Oxford Handbook of Cuneiform Culture , edited by Karen Radner, Eleanor Robson, Oxford University Press, 2011, p. 643
  12. ↑ Kalimi, Isaac; Richardson, Seth (ed), Sennacherib at the Gates of Jerusalem , Brill, 2014, p. 45
  13. ↑ Note on Isaiah 37:38 in NKJV

Sources

  • Coggins, R (2007). "22. Isaiah". In Barton, John; Muddiman, John (eds.). The Oxford Bible Commentary (first (paperback) ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 433–486. ISBN 978-0199277186. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
  • Würthwein, Ernst (1995). The Text of the Old Testament. Translated by Rhodes, Erroll F. Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans. ISBN 0-8028-0788-7. Retrieved January 26, 2019.

Jewish

Christian

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