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| 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 |
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| 2024 | ||||||
| October 25 in recent years |
| 2023 (Wednesday) |
| 2022 (Tuesday) |
| 2021 (Monday) |
| 2020 (Sunday) |
| 2019 (Friday) |
| 2018 (Thursday) |
| 2017 (Wednesday) |
| 2016 (Tuesday) |
| 2015 (Sunday) |
| 2014 (Saturday) |
October 25 is the 298th day of the year (299th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 67 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
Pre-1600
- 285 or 286 – Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers.
- 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II as Caesar of the East Roman Empire.
- 1147 – Seljuk Turks defeat German crusaders under Conrad III at the Battle of Dorylaeum.
- 1147 – Reconquista: After a siege of four months, crusader knights reconquer Lisbon.
- 1415 – Hundred Years' War: Henry V of England, with his lightly armoured infantry and archers, defeats the heavily armoured French cavalry in the Battle of Agincourt.
1601–1900
- 1616 – Dutch sea-captain Dirk Hartog makes the second recorded landfall by a European on Australian soil, at the later-named Dirk Hartog Island off the West Australian coast.
- 1747 – War of the Austrian Succession: A British fleet under Admiral Edward Hawke defeats the French at the Second Battle of Cape Finisterre.
- 1760 – King George III succeeds to the British throne on the death of his grandfather George II.[1]
- 1809 – Golden Jubilee of George III is celebrated in Britain as he begins the fiftieth year of his reign.[2]
- 1812 – War of 1812: The American frigate, USS United States, commanded by Stephen Decatur, captures the British frigate HMS Macedonian.
- 1822 – Greek War of Independence: The First Siege of Missolonghi begins.
- 1854 – The Battle of Balaclava takes place during the Crimean War. It is soon memorialized in verse as The Charge of the Light Brigade.
- 1861 – The Toronto Stock Exchange is created.
- 1868 – The Uspenski Cathedral, designed by Aleksey Gornostayev, is inaugurated in Helsinki, Finland.[3]
- 1875 – Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky’s Piano Concerto No. 1 in B♭ minor, Op. 23 premieres in Boston, Massachusetts, with Benjamin Johnson Lang as conductor and Hans von Bülow as soloist.[4]
- 1900 – The United Kingdom annexes the Transvaal.
1901–present
- 1911 – The Xinhai Revolution spreads to Guangzhou, where the Qing general Feng-shan is assassinated by the Chinese Assassination Corps.[5]
- 1917 – Old Style date of the October Revolution in Russia.
- 1920 – After 74 days on hunger strike in Brixton Prison, England, the Sinn Féin Lord Mayor of Cork, Terence MacSwiney dies.
- 1924 – The Zinoviev letter, which Zinoviev himself denied writing, is published in the Daily Mail; the Labour party would later blame this letter for the Conservatives' landslide election win four days later.
- 1927 – The Italian luxury liner SS Principessa Mafalda sinks off the coast of Brazil, killing 314.
- 1932 – George Lansbury became the leader of the opposition British Labour Party.[6]
- 1940 – Benjamin O. Davis Sr. is named the first African American general in the United States Army.
- 1944 – World War II: Heinrich Himmler orders a crackdown on the Edelweiss Pirates, a loosely organized youth culture in Nazi Germany that had assisted army deserters and others to hide from the Third Reich.
- 1944 – World War II: The USS Tang under Richard O'Kane (the top American submarine ace of the war) is sunk by the ship's own malfunctioning torpedo.
- 1944 – World War II: The final attempt of the Imperial Japanese Navy to win the war climaxes at the Battle of Leyte Gulf.
- 1945 – Fifty years of Japanese administration of Taiwan formally ends when the Republic of China assumes control.
- 1949 – The Battle of Guningtou in the Taiwan Strait begins.
- 1962 – Cuban Missile Crisis: Adlai Stevenson shows the United Nations Security Council reconnaissance photographs of Soviet ballistic missiles in Cuba.
- 1968 – A Fairchild F-27 crashes into Moose Mountain while on approach to Lebanon Municipal Airport in Lebanon, New Hampshire, killing 32 people.[7]
- 1971 – The People's Republic of China replaces the Republic of China at the United Nations.
- 1973 – Egypt and Israel accept United Nations Security Council Resolution 339.
- 1980 – Proceedings on the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction conclude.
- 1983 – The United States and its Caribbean allies invade Grenada, six days after Prime Minister Maurice Bishop and several of his supporters are executed in a coup d'état.
- 1990 – The Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic declares its sovereignty from the Soviet Union.[8]
- 1995 – A commuter train slams into a school bus in Fox River Grove, Illinois, killing seven students.
- 1997 – After a civil war, Denis Sassou Nguesso proclaims himself President of the Republic of the Congo.
- 1999 – A Learjet 35 crashes in Mina near Aberdeen, South Dakota, killing all six people on board, including PGA golfer Payne Stewart and golf course designer Bruce Borland.[9]
- 2001 – Microsoft releases Windows XP, which becomes one of Microsoft's most successful operating systems.[10]
- 2009 – The October 2009 Baghdad bombings kill 155 and wound at least 721.
- 2010 – Mount Merapi in Indonesia begins a month-long series of violent eruptions that kill 353 people and cause the evacuation of another 350,000 people.[11]
- 2010 – A magnitude 7.8 earthquake strikes off Indonesia's Mentawai Islands, triggering a tsunami that kills at least 400 people.[12]
- 2023 – A mass shooting occurs in two locations in Lewiston, Maine. 18 people are killed and 13 more injured.[13]
Births
Pre-1600
- 840 – Ya'qub ibn al-Layth al-Saffar, founder of the Saffarid dynasty (d. 879)
- 1102 – William Clito, French son of Sybilla of Conversano (d. 1128)
- 1330 – Louis II, Count of Flanders, (d. 1384)
- 1453 – Giuliano de' Medici (d. 1478)[14]
- 1510 – Renée of France (d. 1574)[15]
- 1574 – François de Sourdis, French Catholic prelate (d. 1628)
- 1589 – Jan Stanisław Sapieha, Polish-Lithuanian noble (d. 1635)
1601–1900
- 1612 – James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose, Scottish soldier (d. 1650)
- 1667 – Louis Frederick I, Prince of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (d. 1718)
- 1683 – Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton, English-Irish politician, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (d. 1757)
- 1692 – Elisabeth Farnese, Queen of Spain (d. 1766)
- 1709 – Georg Gebel, German organist and composer (d. 1753)
- 1714 – James Burnett, Lord Monboddo, Scottish judge (d. 1799)
- 1736 – Thomas Mullins, 1st Baron Ventry, Anglo-Irish politician and peer (d. 1824)
- 1743 – Friedrich Karl August, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont (d. 1812)
- 1749 – Erik Magnus Staël von Holstein, Swedish chamberlain (d. 1802)
- 1754 – Richard Howell, 3rd Governor of New Jersey (d. 1802)
- 1755 – François Joseph Lefebvre, French military commander (d. 1820)
- 1757 – Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein, Prussian statesman (d. 1831)
- 1759 – Maria Feodorovna, Russian wife of Paul I of Russia (d. 1828)
- 1759 – William Grenville, English academic and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1834)
- 1760 – Arnold Hermann Ludwig Heeren, German historian (d. 1842)
- 1767 – Benjamin Constant, Swiss-French philosopher and politician (d. 1830)
- 1768 – Frederick William, ruler of Nassau-Weilburg (d. 1816)
- 1772 – Victoire de Donnissan de La Rochejaquelein, French memoirist (d. 1857)
- 1772 – Géraud Duroc, French general and diplomat (d. 1813)
- 1779 – Pedro Velarde y Santillán, Spanish artillery captain (d. 1808)
- 1781 – Friedrich von Berchtold, Bohemian physician and botanist (d. 1876)
- 1782 – Levi Lincoln Jr., American lawyer and politician, 13th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1868)
- 1789 – Carlos María de Alvear, Argentine soldier and statesman (d. 1852)
- 1789 – Heinrich Schwabe, German astronomer (d. 1875)
- 1790 – Robert Stirling, Scottish clergyman and inventor (d. 1878)
- 1792 – Jeanne Jugan, French nun (d. 1879)
- 1795 – John P. Kennedy, American novelist and Whig politician (d. 1870)
- 1800 – Maria Jane Jewsbury, English writer, poet, literary reviewer (d. 1833)[16]
- 1800 – Thomas Babington Macaulay, English poet, historian, and politician, Secretary at War (d. 1859)
- 1800 – Jacques Paul Migne, French priest (d. 1875)
- 1800 – Julius von Mohl, German orientalist (d. 1876)
- 1802 – Richard Parkes Bonington, English painter (d. 1828)
- 1802 – Joseph Montferrand, Canadian logger and strongman (d. 1864)
- 1803 – Maria Doolaeghe, Flemish novelist (d. 1884)[17]
- 1806 – Max Stirner, German philosopher and author (d. 1856)
- 1811 – Évariste Galois, French mathematician and theorist (d. 1832)
- 1814 – Prince Louis, Duke of Nemours (d. 1896)
- 1815 – Camillo Sivori, Italian virtuoso violinist and composer (d. 1894)
- 1819 – Christian August Friedrich Garcke, German botanist (d. 1904)
- 1821 – Antonio Ciseri, Swiss-Italian painter (d. 1891)
- 1825 – Johann Strauss II, Austrian composer and educator (d. 1899)
- 1825 – Johann Friedrich Julius Schmidt, German astronomer and geophysicist (d. 1884)
- 1827 – Marcellin Berthelot, French chemist and politician (d. 1907)
- 1832 – Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich of Russia (d. 1909)
- 1838 – Georges Bizet, French pianist and composer (d. 1875)
- 1838 – James Maybrick, English cotton merchant, victim of the "Aigburth Poisoning" (d. 1889)
- 1844 – Philip Wicksteed, English economist (d. 1927)
- 1848 – Carlo Emery, Italian entomologist (d. 1925)
- 1848 – Karl Emil Franzos, Austrian novelist (d. 1904)
- 1852 – Dmitry Mamin-Sibiryak, Russian author (d. 1912)
- 1853 – Karl August Otto Hoffmann, German botanist (d. 1909)
- 1856 – Dragutin Gorjanović-Kramberger, Croatian geologist, paleontologist, and archaeologist (d. 1936)
- 1858 – Take Ionescu, Romanian politician, diplomat, journalist and lawyer (d. 1922)
- 1864 – John Francis Dodge, American businessman, co-founded the Dodge Company (d. 1920)
- 1864 – Alexander Gretchaninov, Russian-American pianist and composer (d. 1956)
- 1864 – Toktogul Satylganov, Kyrgyz Akyn, poet and singer (d. 1933)
- 1866 – Thomas Armat, American mechanic and inventor (d. 1948)
- 1866 – Norbert Klein, Bishop of Brno (d. 1933)
- 1866 – Georg Schumann, German composer (d. 1952)
- 1867 – Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki, Polish general (d. 1937)
- 1868 – Dan Burke, American baseball player (d. 1933)
- 1868 – Oskar Kallas, Estonian linguist and diplomat (d. 1946)
- 1874 – Emma Gramatica, Italian actress (d. 1965)
- 1874 – Victor Sonnemans, Belgian water polo player (d. 1962)
- 1874 – Huang Xing, Chinese revolutionary leader and statesman (d. 1916)
- 1875 – Carolyn Sherwin Bailey, American author and educator (d. 1961)[18]
- 1875 – Arthur Birkett, British cricketer (d. 1941)
- 1877 – Adolf Moller, German rower (d. 1968)
- 1877 – Henry Norris Russell, American astronomer (d. 1957)
- 1879 – Fritz Haarmann, German serial killer (d. 1925)
- 1880 – Bohumír Šmeral, Czech politician (d. 1941)
- 1881 – Pablo Picasso, Spanish painter and sculptor (d. 1973)
- 1882 – John T. Flynn, American journalist and author (d. 1964)
- 1882 – Tony Jackson, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1921)
- 1882 – André-Damien-Ferdinand Jullien, French Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church (d. 1964)
- 1882 – Theodora Agnes Peck, American author and poet (d. 1964)[19]
- 1883 – Nikolay Krestinsky, Russian revolutionary and politician (d. 1938)
- 1884 – Maria Czaplicka, Polish cultural anthropologist (d. 1921)
- 1885 – Sam M. Lewis, American singer and lyricist (d. 1959)
- 1885 – Xavier Lesage, French equestrian (d. 1968)
- 1886 – Leo G. Carroll, English-American actor (d. 1972)
- 1886 – Karl Polanyi, Austro-Hungarian economist and historian (d. 1964)
- 1887 – Alexander McCulloch, British rower (d. 1951)
- 1888 – Richard E. Byrd, American admiral and pilot (d. 1957)
- 1888 – Nils Dardel, Swedish-American painter (d. 1943)
- 1888 – Jan Palouš, Czechoslovak ice hockey player (d. 1971)
- 1888 – Léon Tom, Belgian fencer and bobsledder
- 1889 – Abel Gance, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1981)
- 1890 – Floyd Bennett, American aviator (d. 1928)
- 1890 – Kōtarō Tanaka, Japanese jurist and politician (d. 1974)
- 1891 – Charles Coughlin, Canadian-American priest and radio host (d. 1979)
- 1891 – Karl Elmendorff, German conductor (d. 1962)
- 1892 – Nell Shipman, Canadian-American actress, screenwriter, and producer (d. 1970)
- 1894 – Claude Cahun, French photographer and sculptor (d. 1954)
- 1894 – Âşık Veysel Şatıroğlu, Turkish poet and songwriter (d. 1973)
- 1894 – Johan Wilhelm Rangell, Prime Minister of Finland (d. 1982)
- 1895 – Levi Eshkol, Ukrainian-Israeli soldier and politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Israel (d. 1969)
- 1895 – Vsevolod Merkulov, Russian head of the NKGB (d. 1953)
- 1895 – Arthur Schmidt, German officer (d. 1987)
- 1896 – Nils Backlund, Swedish water polo player (d. 1964)
- 1897 – Erwin von Lahousen, German Abwehr official (d. 1955)
- 1897 – Karl Olivecrona, Swedish lawyer and philosopher (d. 1980)
- 1897 – Luigi Pavese, Italian actor (d. 1969)
- 1898 – Karl Anton, German director, screenwriter and producer (d. 1979)
- 1899 – Armand Thirard, French cinematographer (d. 1973)
- 1900 – Johan Greter, Dutch equestrian (d. 1975)
- 1900 – Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti, Nigerian educator and activist (d. 1978)[20]
- 1900 – William Stevenson, American track and fielder (d. 1985)
1901–present
- 1901 – Roy Fox, British dance bandleader (d. 1982)[21]
- 1902 – Henry Steele Commager, American historian and author (d. 1998)
- 1902 – Carlo Gnocchi, Italian priest, educator and writer (d. 1956)
- 1902 – Eddie Lang, American jazz guitarist (d. 1933)
- 1903 – Piet van der Horst, Dutch cyclist (d. 1983)
- 1904 – Cemal Reşit Rey, Turkish pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 1985)
- 1904 – Denny Shute, American golfer (d. 1974)
- 1904 – Bill Tytla, Ukrainian-American animator (d. 1968)
- 1905 – Bob McPhail, Scottish footballer (d. 2000)
- 1906 – Karl Humenberger, Austrian footballer (d. 1989)
- 1908 – Carmen Dillon, English film and production designer (d. 2000)
- 1908 – Gotthard Handrick, German fighter pilot and Olympic athlete (d. 1978)
- 1908 – Polly Ann Young, American actress (d. 1997)
- 1909 – Whit Bissell, American actor (d. 1996)
- 1909 – Ken Domon, Japanese photographer (d. 1990)
- 1909 – Edward Flynn, American boxer (d. 1976)
- 1909 – Jean-Paul Le Chanois, French actor, director and screenwriter (d. 1985)
- 1910 – William Higinbotham, American physicist and video game designer (d. 1994)
- 1910 – Johnny Mauro, American race car driver (d. 2003)
- 1910 – Tyrus Wong, Chinese-American artist (d. 2016)[22]
- 1912 – Abdelkader Ben Bouali, French footballer (d. 1997)
- 1912 – Alfred Klingler, German field handballer
- 1912 – Minnie Pearl, American entertainer and philanthropist (d. 1996)[22]
- 1912 – Luigi Raimondi, Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church (d. 1975)
- 1913 – Klaus Barbie, German SS captain (d. 1991)
- 1913 – Anton Kochinyan, Soviet-Armenian politician (d. 1990)
- 1914 – John Berryman, American poet and scholar (d. 1972)
- 1915 – Ivan M. Niven, Canadian-American mathematician and academic (d. 1999)
- 1916 – Helge Larsson, Swedish canoeist (d. 1971)
- 1917 – Carl Forssell, Swedish fencer (d. 2005)
- 1917 – Dmitry Polyansky, First Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union (d. 2001)
- 1918 – David Ausubel, American psychologist (d. 2008)
- 1919 – Beate Uhse-Rotermund, German pilot and entrepreneur (d. 2001)
- 1919 – Raoul Remy, French cyclist (d. 2002)
- 1920 – Megan Taylor, British figure skater (d. 1993)
- 1921 – Michael I of Romania (d. 2017)
- 1922 – Gloria Lasso, Spanish singer (d. 2005)
- 1923 – Achille Silvestrini, Italian prelate (d. 2019)
- 1923 – Beate Sirota Gordon, Austrian-American director and producer (d. 2012)
- 1923 – Bobby Thomson, Scottish-American baseball player (d. 2010)
- 1924 – Billy Barty, American actor (d. 2000)
- 1924 – Earl Palmer, American Hall of Fame drummer (d. 2008)
- 1925 – Oralia Dominguez, Mexican operatic mezzo-soprano singer (d. 2013)
- 1925 – Joseph Michel, Belgian politician (d. 2016)
- 1926 – Bo Carpelan, Finnish poet and author (d. 2011)
- 1926 – Jimmy Heath, American saxophonist and composer (d. 2020)
- 1926 – Galina Vishnevskaya, Russian-American soprano and actress (d. 2012)
- 1927 – Barbara Cook, American singer and actress (d. 2017)
- 1927 – Jorge Batlle Ibáñez, Uruguayan lawyer and politician, 32nd President of Uruguay (d. 2016)
- 1927 – Lawrence Kohlberg, American psychologist and author (d. 1987)
- 1927 – Lauretta Masiero, Italian actress and singer (d. 2010)
- 1928 – Jeanne Cooper, American actress (d. 2013)
- 1928 – Paulo Mendes da Rocha, Brazilian architect (d. 2021)
- 1928 – Anthony Franciosa, American actor (d. 2006)
- 1928 – Adolphe Gesché, Belgian Catholic priest and theologian (d. 2003)
- 1928 – Peter Naur, Danish computer scientist, astronomer, and academic (d. 2016)
- 1928 – Marion Ross, American actress[23]
- 1928 – Yakov Rylsky, Soviet sabre fencer (d. 1999)
- 1929 – Michel Knuysen, Belgian rower (d. 2013)
- 1929 – Zdravko Milev, Bulgarian chess player (d. 1984)
- 1929 – Claude Rouer, French cyclist (d. 2021)
- 1929 – Peter Rühmkorf, German writer (d. 2008)
- 1930 – Harold Brodkey, American author and academic (d. 1996)
- 1930 – Karoly Honfi, Hungarian chess player (d. 1996)
- 1931 – Annie Girardot, French actress and singer (d. 2011)
- 1931 – Jimmy McIlroy, Northern Irish footballer and manager (d. 2018)
- 1932 – Vitold Fokin, Ukrainian first deputy prime minister
- 1932 – Jerzy Pawłowski, Polish fencer and double agent (d. 2005)
- 1932 – Theodor Pištěk, Czech costume designer
- 1933 – René Brodmann, Swiss footballer (d. 2000)
- 1933 – Martti Mansikka, Finnish gymnast
- 1934 – Carlos Sherman, Belarusian–Spanish translator, writer, activist (d. 2005)
- 1935 – Rusty Schweickart, American soldier, pilot, and astronaut
- 1936 – Martin Gilbert, English historian, author, and academic (d. 2015)
- 1936 – Arnfinn Nesset, Norwegian nurse and convicted serial killer
- 1936 – Masako Nozawa, Japanese actress and singer
- 1937 – Vendramino Bariviera, Italian cyclist (d. 2001)
- 1937 – Ignacio Carrasco de Paula, Spanish prelate
- 1937 – Roberto Menescal, Brazilian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
- 1938 – Bob Webster, American diver
- 1939 – Zelmo Beaty, American basketball player and coach (d. 2013)
- 1939 – Sara Dylan, American actress and model
- 1939 – Nikolay Kiselyov, Soviet Nordic combined athlete (d. 2005)
- 1939 – Nikos Nikolaidis, Greek director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2007)
- 1939 – Dave Simmonds, British motorcycle racer (d. 1972)
- 1939 – Robin Spry, Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2005)
- 1940 – Jimmy Herman, Canadian actor (d. 2013)
- 1940 – Bob Knight, American basketball player and coach (d. 2023)[24]
- 1941 – Lynda Benglis, American sculptor and painter
- 1941 – Helen Reddy, Australian-American singer-songwriter and actress (d. 2020)[22]
- 1941 – Gordon Tootoosis, Aboriginal Canadian actor (d. 2011)[25]
- 1941 – Anne Tyler, American author and critic[22]
- 1941 – Dave Weill, American discus thrower
- 1942 – Terumasa Hino, Japanese jazz trumpeter
- 1942 – Gloria Katz, American screenwriter and producer (d. 2018)
- 1942 – Franklin Loufrani, French President of the Smiley Company
- 1943 – Orso Maria Guerrini, Italian actor
- 1943 – Roy Lynes, English keyboardist and singer
- 1944 – Azizan Abdul Razak, Malaysian politician, 10th Menteri Besar of Kedah (d. 2013)
- 1944 – Jon Anderson, English singer-songwriter and guitarist[23]
- 1944 – James Carville, American lawyer and political consultant[22]
- 1944 – Donald Ford, Scottish footballer
- 1944 – Fred Housego, Scottish-English taxi driver and game show host
- 1944 – Kati Kovács, Hungarian singer-songwriter and actress
- 1944 – Ren Zhengfei, Chinese businessman
- 1945 – Peter Ledger, Australian-American painter and illustrator (d. 1994)
- 1945 – Yuriy Meshkov, Ukrainian politician and Russian separatist (d. 2019)
- 1945 – Krzysztof Piesiewicz, Polish lawyer, screenwriter and politician
- 1945 – Francisco Sá, Argentine footballer
- 1945 – Phil Volk, American musician, singer-songwriter, and record producer
- 1945 – David S. Ward, American director and screenwriter
- 1945 – Keaton Yamada, Japanese voice actor
- 1946 – Elías Figueroa, Chilean footballer
- 1946 – Peter Lieberson, American composer
- 1947 – Requena Nozal, Spanish artist
- 1947 – Glenn Tipton, English singer-songwriter and guitarist[23]
- 1948 – Dave Cowens, American basketball player and coach[22]
- 1948 – Dan Gable, American wrestler and coach[22]
- 1948 – Dan Issel, American basketball player and coach
- 1948 – Sigleif Johansen, Norwegian biathlete
- 1949 – Réjean Houle, Canadian ice hockey player and manager
- 1949 – Walter Hyatt, American singer-songwriter (d. 1996)
- 1949 – Brian Kerwin, American actor[23]
- 1949 – Wilfried Louis, Haitian footballer
- 1950 – Anne Alvaro, French actress
- 1950 – Fernando Arêas Rifan, Brazilian bishop
- 1950 – Roger Davies, English footballer
- 1950 – John Matuszak, American footballer (d. 1989)
- 1950 – Francisco Oscar Lamolina, Argentine football referee
- 1950 – Chris Norman, English singer-songwriter
- 1951 – Richard Lloyd, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1952 – Samir Geagea, Lebanese commander and politician
- 1952 – Wendy Hall, English computer scientist, mathematician, and academic
- 1952 – Ioannis Kyrastas, Greek footballer and manager (d. 2004)
- 1952 – Tove Nilsen, Norwegian author
- 1953 – Daniele Bagnoli, Italian volleyball coach
- 1953 – Jasem Yaqoub, Kuwaiti footballer
- 1954 – Mike Eruzione, American ice hockey player and coach[22]
- 1954 – Ed Powers, American founder of Ed Powers Productions
- 1955 – Glynis Barber, South African-English actress
- 1955 – Robin Eubanks, American trombonist and educator
- 1955 – Gale Anne Hurd, American producer
- 1955 – Matthias Jabs, German guitarist and songwriter[23]
- 1955 – Leena Lander, Finnish author
- 1955 – Lito Lapid, Filipino actor
- 1956 – Stephen Leather, British author
- 1957 – Nancy Cartwright, American voice actress[23]
- 1957 – Enrique López Zarza, Mexican footballer
- 1957 – Robbie McIntosh, English guitarist
- 1957 – Piet Wildschut, Dutch footballer
- 1958 – Kornelia Ender, East German swimmer
- 1958 – Kjell Inge Røkke, Norwegian businessman and philanthropist
- 1959 – Óscar Aguirregaray, Uruguayan footballer
- 1959 – Chrissy Amphlett, Australian singer-songwriter and actress (d. 2013)
- 1960 – Hong Sang-soo, South Korean director and screenwriter
- 1961 – John Sivebæk, Danish footballer
- 1961 – Chad Smith, American drummer[23]
- 1962 – David Furnish, Canadian filmmaker
- 1962 – Steve Gainer, American cinematographer and director
- 1962 – Steve Hodge, English footballer and manager
- 1962 – John Stollmeyer, American soccer player
- 1963 – John Levén, Swedish bass player and songwriter
- 1963 – Michael Lynagh, Australian rugby union footballer
- 1963 – Melinda McGraw, American actress
- 1963 – Tracy Nelson, American actress[23]
- 1963 – José Ortiz, Puerto Rican basketball player
- 1964 – Michael Boatman, American actor[23]
- 1964 – Johan de Kock, Dutch footballer
- 1964 – Nicole, German singer
- 1964 – Kevin Michael Richardson, American voice actor and singer[23]
- 1965 – 2 Cold Scorpio, American wrestler
- 1965 – Mathieu Amalric, French actor and director[23]
- 1965 – Valdir Benedito, Brazilian footballer
- 1965 – Claire Colebrook, Australian philosopher, theorist, and academic
- 1965 – Dominique Herr, Swiss footballer
- 1965 – Derrick Rostagno, American tennis player
- 1965 – Rainer Strecker, German actor
- 1966 – Zana Briski, British photographer and filmmaker
- 1966 – Lionel Charbonnier, French footballer
- 1966 – Wendel Clark, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1966 – Perry Saturn, American wrestler
- 1967 – Martin Marinov, Australian canoeist
- 1967 – Taiyō Matsumoto, Japanese manga artist
- 1967 – Gary Sundgren, Swedish footballer
- 1968 – Doris Fitschen, German footballer
- 1968 – Speech, American rapper[23]
- 1969 – Samantha Bee, Canadian-American comedian and television host[23]
- 1969 – Josef Beránek, Czech ice hockey player and coach
- 1969 – Slavko Cicak, Swedish chess Grandmaster
- 1969 – Nika Futterman, American voice actress, comedian and singer
- 1969 – Ibragim Gasanbekov, Azerbaijani footballer
- 1969 – Oleg Salenko, Russian footballer
- 1969 – Alex Webster, American bass player
- 1970 – J. A. Adande, American journalist and academic
- 1970 – Peter Aerts, Dutch kick-boxer and mixed martial artist
- 1970 – Adam Goldberg, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter[23]
- 1970 – Damir Mršić, Bosnian basketball player
- 1970 – Adam Pascal, American actor and singer[23]
- 1970 – Rafa, Spanish footballer
- 1970 – Ed Robertson, Canadian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer[23]
- 1970 – Daniel Scheinhardt, German footballer
- 1970 – Chely Wright, American singer-songwriter and actress[23]
- 1971 – Simon Charlton, English footballer and manager
- 1971 – Athena Chu, Hong Kong actress and singer
- 1971 – Neil Fallon, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1971 – Leslie Grossman, American actress[23]
- 1971 – Rosie Ledet, American singer-songwriter and accordion player
- 1971 – Pedro Martínez, Dominican-American baseball player and sportscaster
- 1971 – Midori, Japanese-American violinist and educator[23]
- 1971 – Craig Robinson, American actor and singer[23]
- 1971 – Elif Şafak, French-Turkish journalist, author, and academic
- 1972 – Cristian Dulca, Romanian footballer
- 1972 – Rodolfo Falcón, Cuban swimmer
- 1972 – Maxi Mounds, American nude big-bust model and pornographic actress
- 1972 – Jonathan Torrens, Canadian actor, producer, and screenwriter
- 1972 – Persia White, American actress, singer, and musician
- 1973 – Fırat Aydınus, Turkish football referee
- 1973 – Lamont Bentley, American actor and rapper (d. 2005)
- 1973 – Michael Weston, American actor
- 1974 – Lee Byung-kyu, South Korean baseball player
- 1974 – Yoo Yong-sung, South Korean badminton player
- 1975 – Eirik Glambek Bøe, Norwegian singer-songwriter and guitarist
- 1975 – Ryan Clement, American football player
- 1975 – Agustín Julio, Colombian footballer
- 1975 – Zadie Smith, English author and academic
- 1975 – Antony Starr, New Zealand actor[22]
- 1976 – Deon Burton, Jamaican footballer
- 1976 – Ahmed Dokhi, Saudi Arabian footballer
- 1976 – Akihisa Ikeda, Japanese manga artist
- 1976 – Steve Jones, Northern Irish footballer
- 1976 – Brett Kirk, Australian footballer and coach
- 1976 – Anton Sikharulidze, Russian pair skater
- 1977 – The Alchemist, American rapper, DJ, and producer
- 1977 – Rodolfo Bodipo, Equatoguinean retired footballer
- 1977 – Mitică Pricop, Romanian sprint canoer
- 1977 – Birgit Prinz, German footballer and psychologist
- 1977 – Rakan Rushaidat, Croatian actor
- 1977 – Kateryna Serebrianska, Ukrainian gymnast
- 1977 – Mihai Tararache, Romanian footballer
- 1977 – Yeho, Israeli singer and actor
- 1978 – Russell Anderson, Scottish footballer
- 1978 – Zachary Knighton, American actor
- 1978 – Bobby Madden, Scottish football referee
- 1978 – Robert Mambo Mumba, Kenyan footballer
- 1978 – Markus Pöyhönen, Finnish sprinter
- 1978 – An Yong-hak, North Korean footballer
- 1979 – Bat for Lashes, English singer
- 1979 – Rob Hulse, English footballer
- 1979 – Mariana Klaveno, American actress
- 1979 – João Lucas, Portuguese footballer (d. 2015)
- 1979 – Rosa Mendes, Canadian-American wrestler and model
- 1980 – Mehcad Brooks, American model and actor[23]
- 1980 – Félicien Singbo, Beninois footballer
- 1981 – Hiroshi Aoyama, Japanese motorcycle racer
- 1981 – Josh Henderson, American actor and singer[23]
- 1981 – Shaun Wright-Phillips, English footballer
- 1982 – Victoria Francés, Spanish illustrator
- 1982 – Devin Green, American basketball player
- 1982 – Guido Grünheid, German basketball player
- 1982 – Camilla Jensen, Danish curler
- 1982 – Michael Sweetney, American basketball player
- 1982 – Mickaël Tavares, Senegalese footballer
- 1983 – Hotaru Akane, Japanese actress and activist
- 1983 – Stanislav Bohush, Ukrainian footballer
- 1983 – Daniele Mannini, Italian footballer
- 1983 – Princess Yōko of Mikasa
- 1983 – Han Yeo-reum, South Korean actress
- 1984 – Nicolas Besch, French ice hockey player
- 1984 – Ticia Gara, Hungarian chess player
- 1984 – Sara Lumholdt, Swedish singer and dancer
- 1984 – Katy Perry, American singer-songwriter and actress[23]
- 1984 – Iván Ramis, Spanish footballer
- 1984 – Karolina Šprem, Croatian tennis player
- 1985 – Ciara, American singer-songwriter, dancer, and actress[23]
- 1985 – Óscar Granados, Costa Rican footballer[26]
- 1985 – Kara Lynn Joyce, American swimmer[27]
- 1985 – Daniele Padelli, Italian footballer[28][29]
- 1986 – Tweety Carter, American basketball player
- 1986 – Roger Espinoza, Honduran footballer
- 1986 – Eddie Gaven, American soccer player
- 1986 – Kristian Sarkies, Australian footballer
- 1986 – Ekaterina Shumilova, Russian biathlete
- 1987 – Bill Amis, American basketball player
- 1987 – Darron Gibson, Irish footballer
- 1987 – Fabian Hambüchen, German gymnast
- 1988 – Robson Conceição, Brazilian boxer
- 1988 – Lewis McGugan, English professional footballer
- 1988 – Chandler Parsons, American basketball player
- 1988 – Kaz Patafta, Australian footballer
- 1988 – Karim Yoda, French footballer
- 1989 – Filip Grgić, Croatian taekwondo practitioner
- 1989 – Sten Grytebust, Norwegian footballer
- 1989 – David Hala, Australian rugby league player
- 1989 – Ivan Marconi, Italian footballer
- 1989 – Mia Wasikowska, Australian actress[22]
- 1990 – Mattia Cattaneo, Italian cyclist
- 1990 – Sara Chafak, Finnish beauty pageant winner
- 1990 – Asha Philip, British athlete
- 1990 – Milena Rašić, Serbian volleyball player
- 1990 – Dzina Sazanavets, Belarusian weightlifter
- 1991 – Davide Faraoni, Italian footballer
- 1991 – Isabella Shinikova, Bulgarian tennis player
- 1992 – Clarisse Agbegnenou, French judoka
- 1992 – Davide Formolo, Italian cyclist
- 1992 – Sergey Ridzik, Russian freestyle skier
- 1993 – Isaiah Austin, American basketball player
- 1993 – Iván Garcia, Mexican diver
- 1993 – William Howard, French basketball player[30]
- 1993 – Rachel Matthews, American actress[23]
- 1994 – Richard Jouve, French cross-country skier
- 1994 – Jefferson Lerma, Colombian footballer
- 1994 – Matteo Lodo, Italian rower
- 1994 – Gor Minasyan, Armenian weightlifter
- 1994 – Ray Robson, American chess Grandmaster
- 1995 – Conchita Campbell, Canadian actress
- 1995 – Jock Landale, Australian basketball player[31]
- 1995 – Patrick McCaw, American basketball player
- 1996 – PJ Dozier, American basketball player[32]
- 1997 – Federico Chiesa, Italian footballer
- 1998 – Juan Soto, Dominican baseball player[33]
- 1999 – Romeo Langford, American basketball player[34]
- 2000 – Dominik Szoboszlai, Hungarian footballer[35]
- 2000 – Vincent Zhou, American figure skater
- 2001 – Princess Elisabeth, Duchess of Brabant
Deaths
Pre-1600
- 625 – Pope Boniface V[36]
- 912 – Rudolph I, king of Burgundy (b. 859)
- 1047 – Magnus the Good, Norwegian king (b. 1024)
- 1053 – Enguerrand II, Count of Ponthieu
- 1154 – Stephen, King of England[37]
- 1180 – John of Salisbury, French bishop (b. c. 1120)
- 1200 – Conrad of Wittelsbach, German cardinal (b. 1120)
- 1230 – Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Gloucester, English soldier (b. 1180)
- 1292 – Robert Burnell, Lord Chancellor of England
- 1349 – James III of Majorca (b. 1315)
- 1359 – Beatrice of Castile, queen consort of Portugal (b. 1293)
- 1400 – Geoffrey Chaucer, English philosopher, poet, and author (b. c.1343)[38]
- 1415 – Charles I of Albret
- 1415 – Philip II, Count of Nevers (b. 1389)
- 1415 – Frederick I, Count of Vaudémont (b. 1371)
- 1415 – Jean I, Duke of Alençon (b. 1385)
- 1415 – Anthony, Duke of Brabant (b. 1384)
- 1415 – Michael de la Pole, 3rd Earl of Suffolk, English soldier (b. 1394)
- 1415 – Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York, English politician (b. 1373)
- 1415 – Dafydd Gam, Welsh nobleman (b. c. 1380)
- 1478 – Catherine of Bosnia (b. 1425)
- 1492 – Thaddeus McCarthy, Irish bishop (b. 1455)
- 1495 – John II of Portugal (b. 1455)
- 1514 – William Elphinstone, Scottish bishop and academic, founded University of Aberdeen (b. 1431)
- 1557 – William Cavendish, English courtier and civil servant (b. 1505)
1601–1900
- 1647 – Evangelista Torricelli, Italian physicist and mathematician (b. 1608)
- 1651 – Saint Job of Pochayiv, Ukrainian Orthodox Christian saint (b. 1551)
- 1683 – William Scroggs, English judge and politician, Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales (b. 1623)
- 1733 – Giovanni Girolamo Saccheri, Italian priest, mathematician, and philosopher (b. 1667)
- 1757 – Antoine Augustin Calmet, French monk and theologian (b. 1672)
- 1760 – George II of Great Britain (b. 1683)
- 1806 – Henry Knox, American general and politician, 2nd United States Secretary of War (b. 1750)
- 1826 – Philippe Pinel, French physician and psychiatrist (b. 1745)
- 1833 – Abbas Mirza, Persian prince (b. 1789)
- 1852 – John C. Clark, American lawyer and politician (b. 1793)
- 1889 – Émile Augier, French playwright (b. 1820)
- 1895 – Charles Hallé, German-English pianist and conductor (b. 1819)
1901–present
- 1902 – Frank Norris, American journalist and novelist (b. 1870)
- 1910 – Willie Anderson, Scottish-American golfer (b. 1878)
- 1916 – William Merritt Chase, American painter and educator (b. 1849)
- 1919 – William Kidston, Scottish-Australian politician, 17th Premier of Queensland (b. 1849)
- 1920 – Alexander of Greece (b. 1893)
- 1920 – Terence MacSwiney, Irish playwright, politician, Lord Mayor of Cork died on hunger strike (b. 1879)[39]
- 1920 – Joe Murphy (Irish republican) died during the 1920 Cork hunger strike (b. 1895)[40]
- 1921 – Bat Masterson, American lawman, buffalo hunter, and sport writer (b. 1853)
- 1924 – Ziya Gökalp, Turkish sociologist, poet, and activist (b. 1876)
- 1938 – Alfonsina Storni, Swiss-Argentinian poet and author (b. 1892)
- 1940 – Thomas Waddell, Irish-Australian politician, 15th Premier of New South Wales (b. 1854)
- 1941 – Franz von Werra, Swiss-German captain and pilot (b. 1914)
- 1945 – Robert Ley, German politician (b. 1890)
- 1949 – Mary Acworth Orr Evershed, English astronomer and Dante scholar (b. 1867)
- 1953 – Holger Pedersen, Danish linguist and academic (b. 1867)
- 1954 – Purshottam Narayan Gadgil, Indian jeweller and namesake of P. N. Gadgil Jewellers (b. 1874)[41]
- 1955 – Sadako Sasaki, Japanese girl (b. 1943)
- 1956 – Risto Ryti, Finnish lawyer, politician and Governor of the Bank of Finland; 5th President of Finland (b. 1889)[42][43]
- 1957 – Albert Anastasia, Italian-American mob boss (b. 1902)
- 1957 – Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany, English-Irish author, poet, and playwright (b. 1878)
- 1960 – Harry Ferguson, Irish-English engineer, founded the Ferguson Company (b. 1884)
- 1963 – Roger Désormière, French conductor and composer (b. 1898)
- 1967 – Margaret Ayer Barnes, American author and playwright (b. 1886)[44]
- 1969 – Ellinor Aiki, Estonian painter (b. 1893)
- 1970 – Ülo Sooster, Estonian painter (b. 1924)
- 1971 – Mikhail Yangel, Soviet missile designer (b. 1911)
- 1972 – Johnny Mantz, American race car driver (b. 1918)
- 1973 – Abebe Bikila, Ethiopian runner (b. 1932)
- 1973 – Cleo Moore, American actress (b. 1928)
- 1973 – Robert Scholl, German accountant and politician (b. 1891)
- 1975 – Vladimir Herzog, Brazilian journalist and activist (b. 1937)
- 1976 – Raymond Queneau, French poet and author (b. 1903)
- 1977 – Félix Gouin, French politician (b. 1884)
- 1979 – Gerald Templer, English field marshal and politician, British High Commissioner in Malaya (b. 1898)
- 1980 – Virgil Fox, American organist and educator (b. 1912)
- 1980 – Víctor Galíndez, Argentine boxer (b. 1948)
- 1980 – Sahir Ludhianvi, Indian poet and songwriter (b. 1921)
- 1982 – Bill Eckersley, English footballer (b. 1925)
- 1982 – Arvid Wallman, Swedish diver (b. 1901)
- 1985 – Gary Holton, English singer-songwriter (b. 1952)
- 1986 – Forrest Tucker, American actor (b. 1919)
- 1989 – Mary McCarthy, American novelist and critic (b. 1912)
- 1990 – Alberto da Costa Pereira, Portuguese footballer (b. 1929)
- 1991 – Bill Graham, German-American concert promoter (b. 1931)
- 1992 – Roger Miller, American singer-songwriter and actor (b. 1936)
- 1992 – Richard Pousette-Dart, American painter and educator (b. 1916)
- 1993 – Danny Chan, Hong Kong singer-songwriter, producer, and actor (b. 1958)
- 1993 – Vincent Price, American actor (b. 1911)
- 1994 – Kara Hultgreen, American lieutenant and pilot (b. 1965)
- 1994 – Mildred Natwick, American actress (b. 1905)
- 1995 – Viveca Lindfors, Swedish actress (b. 1920)
- 1995 – Bobby Riggs, American tennis player (b. 1918)
- 1999 – Leonard Boyle, Irish and Canadian palaeographer and medievalist (b. 1923)[45]
- 1999 – Payne Stewart, American golfer (b. 1957)
- 2000 – Mochitsura Hashimoto, Japanese commander (b. 1909)
- 2002 – Richard Harris, Irish actor and singer (b. 1930)
- 2002 – René Thom, French mathematician and biologist (b. 1923)
- 2002 – Paul Wellstone, American academic and politician (b. 1944)
- 2003 – Pandurang Shastri Athavale, Indian spiritual leader and philosopher (b. 1920)
- 2003 – Veikko Hakulinen, Finnish skier and technician (b. 1925)
- 2004 – John Peel, English radio host and producer (b. 1939)
- 2010 – Lisa Blount, American actress (b. 1957)
- 2010 – Gregory Isaacs, Jamaican-English singer-songwriter (b. 1951)
- 2010 – Vesna Parun, Croatian poet and author (b. 1922)
- 2012 – Jacques Barzun, French-American historian and author (b. 1907)
- 2012 – Jaspal Bhatti, Indian actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1955)
- 2012 – John Connelly, English footballer (b. 1938)
- 2012 – Emanuel Steward, American boxer, trainer, and sportscaster (b. 1944)
- 2013 – Ron Ackland, New Zealand rugby player and coach (b. 1934)
- 2013 – Arthur Danto, American philosopher and critic (b. 1924)
- 2013 – Nicholas Hunt, Welsh-English admiral (b. 1930)
- 2013 – Hal Needham, American actor, stuntman, director, and screenwriter (b. 1931)
- 2013 – Paul Reichmann, Austrian-Canadian businessman, founded Olympia and York (b. 1930)
- 2013 – Bill Sharman, American basketball player and coach (b. 1926)
- 2013 – Marcia Wallace, American actress and comedian (b. 1942)
- 2014 – Jack Bruce, Scottish singer-songwriter and bass player (b. 1943)[46]
- 2014 – Carlos Morales Troncoso, Dominican lawyer and politician, 34th Vice President of the Dominican Republic (b. 1940)
- 2015 – David Cesarani, English historian and author (b. 1956)
- 2015 – Lisa Jardine, English historian, author, and academic (b. 1944)
- 2015 – Cecil Lolo, South African footballer (b. 1988)
- 2015 – Flip Saunders, American basketball player and coach (b. 1955)
- 2016 – Carlos Alberto Torres, Brazilian football player and manager (b. 1944)
- 2016 – Bob Hoover, USAF, Test, and Airshow pilot (b. 1922)
- 2018 – Thomas Keating, an American Trappist monk and a principal developer of Centering Prayer (b. 1923)[47]
- 2019 – Dilip Parikh, Indian politician (b. 1937)
Holidays and observances
- Armed Forces Day (Romania)
- Christian feast day:
- Bernat Calbó (Bernard of Calvo)
- Pope Boniface I
- Canna
- Blessed Carlo Gnocchi
- Crysanthus and Daria (Western Christianity)
- Crispin and Crispinian
- Fructus
- Gaudentius of Brescia
- Goeznovius
- Minias of Florence
- Mar Nestorius (in the Nestorian churches)
- Tabitha (Dorcas)
- Tegulus
- Blessed Thaddeus McCarthy
- The Six Welsh Martyrs and companions (in Wales)
- The Hallowing of Nestorius
- October 25 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- Earliest day on which Nevada Day can fall, while October 31 is the latest; celebrated on last Friday in October. (Nevada)
- Earliest day on which October Holiday can fall, while October 31 is the latest; observed on last Monday in October. (Ireland)
- Earliest day on which Teacher's Day (Australia) can fall, while October 31 is the latest; celebrated on last Friday in October. (Australia)
- Customs Officer's Day (Russia)
- Day of the Basque Country (Basque Country)
- Republic Day (Kazakhstan)[48]
- Retrocession Day (Taiwan)
- Sovereignty Day (Slovenia)
- Thanksgiving Day (Grenada)
References
- ↑ "Published by authority" (PDF). The London Gazette. No. 10046. October 1760.
- ↑ Millidge, Judith. Royal Jubilees. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2012. p.11
- ↑ "Katedraalin historia". Helsingin Ortodoksinen Seurakunta (in Finnish). Retrieved 25 October 2021.
- ↑ Steinberg, Michael (1976–1979). "Piano Concerto No. 1 in B-flat minor, Opus 23". Boston Symphony Orchestra. Archived from the original on 25 October 2023. Retrieved 24 October 2023.
- ↑ Rhoads, Edward J. M. (1975). China's Republican Revolution: The Case of Kwangtung, 1895-1913. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. pp. 196, 211, 218. ISBN 0674119800.
- ↑ Shepherd, John (2002). George Lansbury: At the Heart of Old Labour. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 282. ISBN 0-19-820164-8.
- ↑ Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Fairchild FH-227C N380NE Lebanon Airport, NH (LEB)". aviation-safety.net. Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 2021-10-24.
- ↑ "THE FIRST STEP TO INDEPENDENCE: 30TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE DECLARATION OF THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE KAZAKH SSR". presidentlib.kz. Retrieved 2023-08-17.
- ↑ "FIVE YEARS LATER..." Orlando Sentinel. 24 October 2004. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
- ↑ Callaham, John (April 8, 2014). "A (very) brief history of Windows XP". Neowin. Retrieved October 25, 2020.
- ↑ "Indonesia Downgrades Mount Merapi's Danger Level". Jakarta Post and Associated Press, Jakarta. 12 March 2010. Archived from the original on 4 December 2010. Retrieved 12 June 2010; Riyadi, Slamet (11 November 2010). "Flights resume to Indonesia as volcano spews ash". AP Wire News-Associated Press. Archived from the original on 20 November 2018. Retrieved 11 November 2010.
- ↑ Hill, Emma M.; Borrero, Jose C.; Huang, Zhenhua; Qiu, Qiang; Banerjee, Paramesh; Natawidjaja, Danny H.; Elosegui, Pedro; Fritz, Hermann M.; Suwargadi, Bambang W.; Pranantyo, Ignatius Ryan; Li, LinLin; Macpherson, Kenneth A.; Skanavis, Vassilis; Synolakis, Costas E.; Sieh, Kerry (2012). "The 2010 Mw 7.8 Mentawai earthquake: Very shallow source of a rare tsunami earthquake determined from tsunami field survey and near-field GPS data". Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. American Geophysical Union. 117 (B6). Bibcode:2012JGRB..117.6402H. doi:10.1029/2012JB009159. hdl:10220/8666.
- ↑ "Live updates: Shooting suspect Robert Card died of apparent self-inflicted gunshot". Press Herald. 2023-10-26. Retrieved 2023-10-28.
- ↑ Cabrini, Anna Maria (2014). "Medici, Giuliano di Piero de'". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (in Italian).
- ↑ "Renée of France | French duchess | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
- ↑ Stephen, Sir Leslie (1892). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 29 (Public domain ed.). Macmillan. pp. 385–.
- ↑ Van Gemert, Lia (2011). Women's Writing from the Low Countries 1200-1875: A Bilingual Anthology. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. p. 500. ISBN 978-9-08964-129-8.
- ↑ Kirkpatrick, D.L., ed. (1978). Twentieth-century Children's Writers. London: Macmillan. p. 465. ISBN 978-0-33323-414-3.
- ↑ "Obituary for Theodora Agnes Peck (Aged 81)". The Burlington Free Press. 1964-01-13. p. 5. Retrieved 2020-01-07.
- ↑ "Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti | Nigerian feminist and political leader". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2020-01-08.
- ↑ Colin Larkin, ed. (1997). The Virgin Encyclopedia of Popular Music (Concise ed.). Virgin Books. pp. 486–7. ISBN 1-85227-745-9.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Famous birthdays for Oct. 25: Craig Robinson, Chad Smith". UPI. 25 October 2022. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Rose, Mike (25 October 2022). "Today's famous birthdays list for October 25, 2022 includes celebrities Katy Perry, Craig Robinson". The Plain Dealer. Associated Press. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
- ↑ Weber, Bruce (November 1, 2023). "Bobby Knight, Basketball Coach Known for Trophies and Tantrums, Dies at 83". The New York Times. Retrieved November 2, 2023.
- ↑ Berumen, Frank Javier Garcia (2020). American Indian Image Makers of Hollywood. McFarland. p. 233. ISBN 9781476636474.
- ↑ "Esteban Granados (full name: Óscar Esteban Granados Maroto)". National-Football-Teams.com.
- ↑ "Kara Lynn Joyce". USA Swimming. Archived from the original on 2021-06-02.
- ↑ "Happy Birthday Daniele! | Inter.it". www.inter.it. Retrieved 2023-03-01.
- ↑ "Inter Wish Goalkeeper Daniele Padelli Happy Birthday". OneFootball. 25 October 2019. Retrieved 2023-03-01.
- ↑ "William Howard". National Basketball Association. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
- ↑ "Jock Landale". National Basketball Association. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
- ↑ "PJ Dozier". National Basketball Association. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
- ↑ Langs, Sarah (25 October 2019). "How will Juan Soto enjoy his 21st (!) birthday?". MLB.com. Retrieved 13 October 2022.
- ↑ "Romero Langford". National Basketball Association. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
- ↑ "Dominik Szoboszlai". Premier League. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
- ↑ "Boniface V | pope". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
- ↑ "Stephen | king of England". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
- ↑ "Geoffrey Chaucer | Biography, Poems, Canterbury Tales, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
- ↑ Corkery, Daniel (December 1920). "Terence MacSwiney: Lord Mayor of Cork". Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review. 9 (36): 512–520. JSTOR 30092903
- ↑ "Joseph Murphy Dies of 76 Days' Hunger Strike, The Second Prisoner to Succumb in Cork Jail" (PDF). NY Times. 25 October 1920. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
- ↑ Joshi, P. K. (1989). Gadgil Kulavruttanta [The Gadgil Family Genealogy Almanac] (in Marathi). Pune. p. 95.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ↑ "Muistot: Risto Ryti". Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). October 25, 1956. Retrieved December 28, 2021.
- ↑ "Tietoa Huittisista: Presidentti Risto Ryti 1889-1956" (in Finnish). Town of Huittinen. Retrieved December 28, 2021.
- ↑ Taylor, Lloyd C. (1974). Margaret Ayer Barnes. Boston: Twayne Publishing. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-80570-037-4.
- ↑ English, Edward D. (2001). "Leonard E. Boyle, OP (1923–99)". Renaissance Studies. 15 (3): 367–374. ISSN 0269-1213. JSTOR 24413249.
- ↑ Clayson, Alan; McIver, Joel (26 October 2014). "Jack Bruce obituary". The Guardian. Retrieved 26 October 2023.
- ↑ Rev. Thomas Keating, Pioneer in Contemplative Movement, Dies at 95, by Katharine Q. Seelye (The New York Times, Oct. 28, 2018)
- ↑ Abbasova, Vusala (2022-10-25). "Kazakhstan Celebrates Republic Day". caspiannews.com. Retrieved 2023-08-17.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to October 25.
- "On This Day". BBC.
- The New York Times: On This Day
- "Historical Events on October 25". OnThisDay.com.
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