Chennai is home to many educational and research institutions. IIT Madras, located in South Chennai is considered as the premier centre of engineering education in India.[1] Anna University and the University of Madras are the oldest state owned universities which are ranked among the best universities in India.[2] The College of Engineering, Guindy and Madras Institute of Technology, which are the constituent college of Anna University along with Alagappa College of Technology are the pioneer institutes of engineering education in India.[1] Some of the oldest medical colleges India, the Madras Medical College (1835) and Stanley Medical College (1938) are located in the city. Notable, liberal arts colleges in the city include Loyola College, Madras Christian College, Presidency College, Stella Maris College, Women's Christian College and Ethiraj College for Women.[3]

Schools

Schools in Chennai are run publicly by the Tamil Nadu government, or run privately, some with financial aid from the government. The medium of education in private schools is English.[4] Government run schools offer both English and Tamil medium education.[5] Private schools are usually affiliated to the Tamil Nadu State Board or the Tamil Nadu Matriculation board. A few schools are affiliated to the national CBSE board, ICSE board, NIOS board, Anglo-Indian board and the Montessori system. A few schools also offer the International Baccalaureate and the American systems. Schooling begins at the age of three with two years of kindergarten, followed by ten years of primary and secondary education. Students then need to complete two years of higher secondary education in one of two streams: science or commerce, before being eligible for college education in a general or professional field of study.[6] The sex education programme was made as a mandatory in Chennai schools and colleges for the first time in nearly two decades. This announcement was done by the city Mayor at a function to commemorate World AIDS Day.[7] School Education Department of Government of Tamil Nadu announced that, from 2012 educational year onwards, the books for students are merged to reduce carrying loads of books. T.S Sridhar, Additional Chief Secretary to Government told that the number of books reduced as two for 7th and 8th std students and only one book up to 6th std. The state board system is often criticised due to the lack of quality it provides to the students comparing to world class education systems. [8]

Universities and Colleges

The main building of College of Engineering, Guindy

The Indian Institute of Technology Madras (1959), is one of the first 5 IIT's established in India. IIT Madras campus was carved out of a natural forest within the Guindy National Park.[9][10] Located nearby, is the main campus of Anna University (1978), which formed from a merger of the College of Engineering, Guindy (1794), the Madras Institute of Technology (1949), the Alagappa College of Technology (1944), and the University of Madras School of Architecture and Planning (1957). Almost all colleges in Tamil Nadu that offer programs in engineering, technology and architecture are affiliated to Anna University.[11] The remaining colleges are autonomous deemed universities.

The state-owned Madras University (1857), which has six campuses in the city, offers more than 230 courses under 87 academic departments of post-graduate teaching and research grouped under 18 schools, covering diverse areas such as sciences, social sciences, humanities, management and medicine along with 121 affiliated colleges and 53 approved research institutions.[12] Some of the earliest affiliated colleges are the Madras Christian College (1837), Presidency College (1840), Pachaiyappa's College (1842), Madras Sanskrit College (1906), Queen Mary's College (1914), Women's Christian College (1915), Loyola College, Chennai (1925), Vivekananda College (1946), Stella Maris College (1947), The New College (1951), JBAS College for Women (1951) and the Madras School of Social Work (1953).

Other prominent self-financed educational establishments include Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (1994), Vellore Institute of Technology (1984), SSN College of Engineering(1996), SRM Institute of Science and Technology (1985), Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science (1985), Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (1984), Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology (1987), B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology (1984), Academy of Maritime Education and Training (1992), Asian College of Journalism (2000).[1]

The Dr. Ambedkar Government Law College, Chennai, a prominent law college in the state was founded in 1891 under the Madras University, is now affiliated with Tamil Nadu Dr. Ambedkar Law University (TNDALU). Madras Medical College, established in 1835, is one of the oldest educational institutions to offer medical education in the Indian subcontinent. Stanley Medical College, Kilpauk Medical College and Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute are other well known medical colleges in the city affiliated with Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University.[13]

Madras School of Art (1850)[14] and Madras Veterinary College (1903)[15] are the first institutions of their kind in India. These, institutions formed the nucleus of recently constituted Tamil Nadu Music and Fine Arts University (TNMFAU) and Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS) respectively. Other recently established state universities in Chennai include, Tamil Nadu Teachers Education University (TNTEU), Tamil Nadu Open University (TNOU) and the Tamil Nadu Physical Education and Sports University (TNPESU), which primarily operates as the affiliating universities.

Research Institutions

Chennai is home to many research institutions. The world's largest organization for leather research, the Central Leather Research Institute, is located in Adyar. It is one of 39 constituent laboratory of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India and is the premier institution of education and research in the leather sector in India.[16] Second, CSIR laboratory Structural Engineering Research Centre, which is an important centre for design and construction research in India, is located in Taramani. Centres for research in pure mathematics and computer sciences include the Institute of Mathematical Sciences (IMSc), Ramanujan Institute for Advanced Study in Mathematics (RIASM) and the Chennai Mathematical Institute (CMI). The National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (ICMR-NIRT) and National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE) are the two ICMR institutes in Chennai.[17] Prominent economics and financial research institutes in the city are the Institute for Financial Management and Research and the Madras School of Economics.

The centrally funded institutions are National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT), Indian Institute of Information Technology Design & Manufacturing (IIIT-DM),[18] National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT),[19] National Institute of Technical Teachers' Training and Research (NITTTR),[20] National Institute of Siddha,[21] Kalakshetra Foundation,[22] Madras Institute of Development Studies (MIDS),[23] Central Institute of Classical Tamil (CCICT), Dakshina Bharat Hindi Prachar Sabha,[24] Indian Maritime University,[25] Central Institute of Plastics Engineering and Technology (CIPET)[26] Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth Development (RGNIYD),[27] Regional Meteorological Centre (RMC), National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management (NCSCM), Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture (ICAR-CIBA) [28] and the Officers Training Academy is also headquartered in Chennai.[29]

The campuses of the Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR),[30] Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIO), Central Electro Chemical Research Institute (CECRI), Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute, National Metallurgical Laboratory (NML), National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) and Indian Statistical Institute (ISI) are also located in Chennai.[31][32] Some other research institutes located in Chennai are the Adyar Cancer Institute,[33] King Institute of Preventive Medicine and Research (KIPM),[34] National Institute of Wind Energy (NIWE),[35] Combat Vehicles Research and Development Establishment (CVRDE),[36] MS Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF),[37] Madras Diabetes Research Foundation (MDRF), Siddha Central Research Institute (SCRI), Schizophrenia Research Foundation (SCARF), and International Institute of Tamil Studies (IITS) among others.

Libraries

Anna Centenary Library

The Connemara Public Library built in 1890 is one of the four National Depository Centres in India. These centres receive a copy of all newspapers and books published in India.[38] It has been declared as a UNESCO information centre.[39] The Anna Centenary Library (ACL) is a newly established library, located at Kotturpuram in Chennai. Built at a cost of 1,720 million, it is one of the largest library in Asia.[40] Large academic libraries accessible to the general public include the central libraries at IIT Madras[41] and the Madras University.[42] Other important libraries include Roja Muthiah Research Library, Mohammedan Public Library[43] in Triplicane, the Archaeological Survey of India Library at the Fort St. George, the Adyar Library under the Theosophical Society Adyar, the Ramakrishna Math Library and the Krishnamurti Foundation Library in the premises of the Krishnamurti Foundation world headquarters.

Weekend education

Japanese School Educational Trust of Chennai (チェンナイ補習授業校 Chennai Hoshū Jugyō Kō), a Japanese weekend education programme, serves Japanese nationals living in Chennai. It is located at American International School Chennai, Taramani.[44] Established by the Japanese Association in Chennai (チェンナイ日本人会 Chennai Nihonjin Kai), it opened in June 1975 as The Japanese Class of Madras (マドラス日本語補習教室 Madorasu Nihongo Hoshū Kyōshitsu). In 1998 the school adopted the name Japanese Language School of Chennai (チェンナイ日本語補習校 Chennai Nihongo Hoshū Jugyō Kō) since Madras took the name Chennai.[45]

References

  1. 1 2 3 "MHRD, National Institute Ranking Framework (NIRF)". www.nirfindia.org.
  2. ↑ "Top 100 Universities in India". www.nirfindia.org.
  3. ↑ "MHRD, National Institute Ranking Framework (NIRF)". www.nirfindia.org.
  4. ↑ "Chennai Schools". lifeinchennai.com. Archived from the original on 27 August 2009. Retrieved 27 July 2009.
  5. ↑ "Framing of Curriculum/Syllabus and Textbook writing for English for Standards I and II" (PDF). Govt. of Tamil Nadu. Retrieved 13 September 2007.
  6. ↑ "Educational Structure". Govt. of Tamil Nadu. Archived from the original on 19 December 2012. Retrieved 13 September 2007.
  7. ↑ "Sex Education for teenage students gets mandatory in Chennai schools and colleges". The Times of India. 2 December 2011. Archived from the original on 26 January 2013. Retrieved 2 December 2011.
  8. ↑ "Tamil Nadu School Students burden reduced". Oneindia.in. 22 December 2011. Retrieved 22 December 2011.
  9. ↑ https://home.iitm.ac.in/prakriti/prakriti/
  10. ↑ "About IIT | www.iitsystem.ac.in". www.iitsystem.ac.in.
  11. ↑ "Centre for Affiliation of Institute - Anna University".
  12. ↑ https://www.unom.ac.in/webportal/uploads/academics/cbcs-hand-book-2019-2020.pdf
  13. ↑ "Medical Education - Medical Colleges - Health & Family Welfare Department, Govt. of Tamil Nadu". www.tnhealth.org. Archived from the original on 17 February 2020. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
  14. ↑ "Archive News". The Hindu.
  15. ↑ "Welcome to TAMILNADU VETERINARY & ANIMAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY(TANUVAS)". www.tanuvas.ac.in. Archived from the original on 2 June 2020. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
  16. ↑ "Central Leather Research Institute". Retrieved 17 September 2007.
  17. ↑ "ICMR Permanent Institutes". Archived from the original on 7 June 2015. Retrieved 2 June 2015.
  18. ↑ "About Us". Archived from the original on 18 April 2015. Retrieved 2 June 2015.
  19. ↑ "Home - Chennai". www.nift.ac.in.
  20. ↑ "Technical Education | Government of India, Ministry of Human Resource Development". Mhrd.gov.in. 19 April 2016. Retrieved 26 August 2018.
  21. ↑ "National Institute of Siddha (NIS), Chennai - AYUSH, Government of India". Archived from the original on 3 July 2015. Retrieved 2 June 2015.
  22. ↑ "Welcome to Kalakshetra". www.kalakshetra.in.
  23. ↑ "About Madras Institute of Development Stuides". www.mids.ac.in. Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 2 June 2015.
  24. ↑ "Welcome to Dakshin Bharath Hindi Prachar Sabha - Contact Us". www.dbhpscentral.org.
  25. ↑ "WELCOME TO INDIAN MARITIME UNIVERSITY". www.imu.edu.in. Archived from the original on 17 June 2016. Retrieved 20 March 2021.
  26. ↑ "CIPET - Management | Contact Us". Archived from the original on 8 June 2015. Retrieved 2 June 2015.
  27. ↑ "About RGNIYD | Rajiv Gandhi National Institute of Youth Development". www.rgniyd.gov.in. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
  28. ↑ "Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture". Ciba.res.in. Retrieved 26 August 2018.
  29. ↑ "Official Website of Indian Army". Indianarmy.gov.in. Retrieved 26 August 2018.
  30. ↑ "AcSIR – Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research – Contact Us". Acsir.res.in. Retrieved 26 August 2018.
  31. ↑ "CSIR MADRAS COMPLEX,WELCOMES YOU!". csircmc.res.in.
  32. ↑ "ISI Chennai Centre". www.isichennai.res.in.
  33. ↑ "Cancer Institute (WIA) Chennai, Adyar". www.cancerinstitutewia.in.
  34. ↑ "King Institute of Preventive Medicine & Research,Guindy". www.kipmr.org.in.
  35. ↑ "Ministry of New and Renewable Energy - National Institute of Wind Energy (NIWE)". Archived from the original on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 2 June 2015.
  36. ↑ "Combat Vehicles Research & Development Estt (CVRDE) Chennai - CVRDE Chennai- DRDO". Archived from the original on 2 June 2015. Retrieved 2 June 2015.
  37. ↑ "M S Swaminathan Research Foundation". Archived from the original on 10 September 2012. Retrieved 27 May 2014.
  38. ↑ "The Delivery of Books' and Newspapers' (Public Libraries) Act, 1954". Govt. of India. Archived from the original on 25 October 2007. Retrieved 13 September 2007.
  39. ↑ "Highlights". Connemara Public Library. Archived from the original on 11 September 2007. Retrieved 13 September 2007.
  40. ↑ Shekhar, G.C. (3 November 2011). "Largest library to turn into hospital". The Telegraph. Calcutta, India. Archived from the original on 11 September 2012.
  41. ↑ "Central Library, IIT Madras". cenlib.iitm.ac.in.
  42. ↑ https://www.unom.ac.in/webportal/uploads/library/mul/mul.html
  43. ↑ Parthasarathy, Anusha (16 November 2012). "Past preserved". The Hindu – via www.thehindu.com.
  44. ↑ "アジアの補習授業校一覧（平成25年4月15日現在）" (). Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Retrieved on 13 February 2015. "チェンナイ Japanese School Educational Trust of Chennai Inside American International School Chennai, 100 Feet Road, Taramani, Chennai, 600113, INDIA"
  45. ↑ "ＨＡＮＤＢＯＯＫ（学校案内英字版）." Japanese School Educational Trust of Chennai. Retrieved on 13 February 2015. Japanese names from: "学校沿革史": " 4月補習校設立の気運。６月マドラス日本語補習教室設立。 [...] ＜ 平成１０年(1998)度＞〔児童・生徒16名〕４月チェンナイ日本語補習校に校名変更。[...] ＜平成１６年(2004)度＞[...]３月教育信託団体証書登録「チェンナイ補習授業校（Japanese School Educational Trust of Chennai）」名に変更 " - "学校案内 Archived 22 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine": "チェンナイには「チェンナイ日本人会」"
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