Sangirese
Native toIndonesia
Philippines
RegionNorth Sulawesi
Davao del Sur
Davao Occidental
Davao Oriental
Native speakers
Sangir: 170,000 (2010)[1]
Sangil: 15,000 (1996)[1]
Latin
Language codes
ISO 639-3Either:
sxn  Sangir
snl  Sangil
Glottolognort2871

Sangirese, also known as Sangihé, Sangi, and Sangih, is an Austronesian language spoken on the islands linking northern Sulawesi, Indonesia, with Mindanao, Philippines by the Sangirese people.

It belongs to the Philippine group within the Austronesian language family.[1] Some lexical influence comes from Ternate and Spanish.[2][3]

Phonology

Consonants

Labial Alveolar Retroflex Palatal Velar Glottal
Plosive voiceless p t k ʔ
voiced b d ɡ
Nasal m n ŋ
Fricative β s ɣ h
Rhotic ɾ
Lateral l ɭ̆
Approximant w j

/ɣ/ is mainly heard in the Sangihé dialect.[4]

Vowels

Front Central Back
Close i ɨ u
Mid e o
Open a
  • Vowels /i, e, a, o, u/ may also be heard as [ɪ, ɛ, ə, ɔ, ʊ] within syllables.
  • /ɨ/ can be heard as [ɨ], [ɯ], [ə].[5]

References

  1. 1 2 3 Sangir at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Closed access icon
    Sangil at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Closed access icon
  2. M. A. Chlenov (1998). "Sangircy". Narody i religii mira: Enciklopedija. V. A. Tishkov, Nauchnoe izdatelʹstvo "Bolʹshai︠a︡ rossiĭskai︠a︡ ėnt︠s︡iklopedii︠a︡.". Moskva: Nauchnoe izd-vo "Bolʹshai︠a︡ Rossiĭskai︠a︡ Ėnt︠s︡iklopedii︠a︡". p. 468. ISBN 5-85270-155-6. OCLC 40821169.
  3. Shinzō Hayase (2007). Mindanao Ethnohistory Beyond Nations: Maguindanao, Sangir, and Bagobo Societies in East Maritime Southeast Asia. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press. p. 90. ISBN 978-971-550-511-6. OCLC 154714449.
  4. Maryott, Kenneth R. (1986). "Pre-Sangir *l, *d, *r and Associated Phonemes". Notes on Linguistics. 34: 25–40.
  5. Maryott, Kenneth R. (1977). "The Phonemes of Sarangani Sangiré". Studies in Philippine Linguistics. 1 (2): 264–279.

Further reading

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