Ilam
ئیلام
Îlam
City
A square in Ilam
A square in Ilam
Location in the Ilam province
Location in the Ilam province
Ilam is located in Iran
Ilam
Ilam
Location in Iran
Ilam is located in Ilam Province
Ilam
Ilam
Ilam (Ilam Province)
Coordinates: 33°38′06″N 46°24′26″E / 33.63500°N 46.40722°E / 33.63500; 46.40722
CountryIran
ProvinceIlam
CountyIlam
DistrictCentral
Government
 • MayorAfshin Mozaffari
Elevation
1,427 m (4,682 ft)
Population
 (2016)[1]
 • Total194,030
Time zoneUTC+3:30 (IRST)
Area code0843
ClimateCsa
Websitewww.e-ilam.ir

Ilam (Persian: ایلامⓘ; Kurdish: ئیلام‎, romanized: Îlam)[2] is a Kurdish city in the Central District of Ilam County, Ilam province, Iran, and serves as the capital of the province, county and district. The Kabir Kuh mountain range lies east of the city. To the west, it borders Iraq.

Demographics

At the 2006 National Census, Ilam's population was 155,289 in 34,549 households.[3] The following census in 2011 counted 172,213 people in 42,613 households.[4] The latest census in 2016 showed the population had risen to 194,030 people in 53,581 households.[1]

Language composition:[5]

Ilam linguistic composition
Language percent
Southern Kurdish
 
 83%
New Persian
 
 10%
Luri
 
 2%
Laki
 
 2%
Arabic
 
 2%
Shuhani
 
 1%

Architecture

Like many other regions of Iran the architecture in Ilam includes traditional and contemporary periods. Although easy access to fossil fuels and electricity may have aided the transition in Iranian architecture in other regions of Iran from its traditional to modern styles, in Ilam the increasing population has also played a role.

The Governor Castle, Falahaty Mansion and The Mirgholam Castle are examples of some surviving traditional buildings in Ilam. The courtyard dwelling is the main type of the buildings of this period. This type of building was accepted as the main building type over all Iran for both climatic and cultural reasons. Brick is the main constructional material in these buildings. The passive thermal techniques indicated for the Iranian traditional buildings are commonly used in these buildings.

The Governor Castle of Ilam was built in type of courtyard. Adding shade and moisture by using green landscape, high trees and a pond, were the main passive techniques used in this building to reduce the temperature in summer. The Mirgholam Castle of Ilam presents a classic Iranian courtyard. The garden and the pound were the main elements of this type of buildings. The Falahaty Mansion used a pitched roof as it was regular beside the flat roofs in the traditional buildings in Ilam earlier.[6]

Climate

Ilam is situated in the cold mountainous region of Iran at a height of 1,319 metres (4,330 ft) above mean sea level. It is located in the west of Iran at a latitude of 33° 38´ north and longitude of 46° 26´ east. Although this city is surrounded by mountains, its climate is also affected by deserts from the west and the south. This region presents a highly variable annual weather profile. Heavy showers or snow in the winter and dusty, brutally hot, dry weather in the summer are normal for this region.[7] Monthly rainfalls have been as high as 352.1 millimetres (13.86 in) in March 1974, whilst daily rainfalls have reached 86 millimetres or 3.39 inches on 26 February 1991. Temperatures have ranged from a high of 47.0 °C or 116.6 °F on 20 August 1975 to a low of −15.0 °C or 5.0 °F on 5 February 1974.

Ilam's climate is classed under the Köppen climate classification as a Mediterranean climate (Csa) with continental influences.

Climate data for Ilam (1967 to 2005)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 23.1
(73.6)		 21.0
(69.8)		 25.0
(77.0)		 30.2
(86.4)		 37.5
(99.5)		 40.0
(104.0)		 43.0
(109.4)		 47.0
(116.6)		 40.0
(104.0)		 35.2
(95.4)		 32.0
(89.6)		 27.5
(81.5)		 47.0
(116.6)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 9.0
(48.2)		 10.2
(50.4)		 14.0
(57.2)		 19.8
(67.6)		 26.3
(79.3)		 32.4
(90.3)		 35.8
(96.4)		 35.3
(95.5)		 31.6
(88.9)		 24.9
(76.8)		 17.1
(62.8)		 11.7
(53.1)		 22.4
(72.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) 4.4
(39.9)		 5.4
(41.7)		 8.8
(47.8)		 14.2
(57.6)		 20.1
(68.2)		 25.2
(77.4)		 28.5
(83.3)		 28.1
(82.6)		 24.4
(75.9)		 18.6
(65.5)		 11.6
(52.9)		 6.8
(44.2)		 16.3
(61.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −0.3
(31.5)		 0.6
(33.1)		 3.7
(38.7)		 8.6
(47.5)		 13.8
(56.8)		 18.1
(64.6)		 21.2
(70.2)		 20.8
(69.4)		 17.3
(63.1)		 12.3
(54.1)		 6.3
(43.3)		 1.9
(35.4)		 10.4
(50.7)
Record low °C (°F) −14
(7)		 −15
(5)		 −11
(12)		 −3
(27)		 3.0
(37.4)		 7.0
(44.6)		 8.0
(46.4)		 8.0
(46.4)		 7.5
(45.5)		 1.9
(35.4)		 −6.2
(20.8)		 −12
(10)		 −15
(5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 117.5
(4.63)		 103.9
(4.09)		 123.1
(4.85)		 70.1
(2.76)		 26.1
(1.03)		 0.5
(0.02)		 0.6
(0.02)		 0.3
(0.01)		 1.1
(0.04)		 26.2
(1.03)		 80.3
(3.16)		 94.8
(3.73)		 644.5
(25.37)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 9 8 10 7 4 0 0 0 0 3 6 8 55
Average relative humidity (%) 66 62 57 49 38 27 25 25 26 38 51 61 44
Source: Iranian Meteorological Organisation (archived)[8]

Colleges and universities

Ilam contains the following universities:

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 16. Archived from the original (Excel) on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  2. ↑ Ilam, Iran can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3067203" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
  3. ↑ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 16. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  4. ↑ "Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)" (Excel). Iran Data Portal (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 16. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  5. ↑ "Language distribution: Ilam Province". Iran Atlas. Retrieved 23 August 2021.
  6. ↑ J Khodakarami. Achieving Thermal Comfort in Iranian Hospitals. Cardiff University, PhD Thesis, 2008
  7. ↑ J Khodakarami and I Knight. Required and Current Thermal Conditions for Occupants in Iranian Hospitals. HVAC&R Research, Vol. 14, Number 2, March 2008, pp 175-194
  8. ↑ "FORM 1: STATION ILAM". Iranian Meteorological Organization. Archived from the original on 8 May 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  9. ↑ "Ilam University of Medical Sciences". Medilam. Ilam University of Medical Sciences. Archived from the original on 16 August 2023. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
  10. ↑ "Ilam University". Ilam University. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
  11. ↑ "Ilam University". Ilam University. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ilam.
  • Farshid Sāmāni, Ilam, the Sleeping Beauty, in Persian, Jadid Online, 26 May 2009: .
    • Discovering Ilam, in English, Jadid Online, 22 October 2009, .
    • Photo gallery, containing 25 photographs with informative captions in English: .
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