From top to bottom: The Beijing Subway is the longest metro network. Shanghai Metro is the metro system with the highest annual ridership. The New York City Subway has the most stations in the world. The London Underground is the oldest metro system.

This list of metro systems includes electrified rapid transit train systems worldwide. In some parts of the world, metro systems are referred to as metro rails, subways, undergrounds, tubes, U-Bahn, or by various acronyms such as MRT or MTR. As of 31 December 2023, 200 cities in 62 countries have a metro system.

The London Underground first opened as an underground railway in 1863 and its first electrified underground line opened in 1890,[1] making it the world's oldest metro system.[2] The Beijing Subway is the world's longest metro network at 815.2 kilometres (507 mi) and the Shanghai Metro has the highest annual ridership at 2.83 billion trips.[3] The New York City Subway has the greatest number of stations with 472.[4][5] As of 2023, the country with the most metro systems is China, with 46 in operation.

Considerations

The International Association of Public Transport (L'Union Internationale des Transports Publics, or UITP) defines metro systems as urban passenger transport systems, "operated on their own right of way and segregated from general road and pedestrian traffic".[6][7] The terms heavy rail (mainly in North America) and heavy urban rail are essentially synonymous with the term "metro".[8][9][10] Heavy rail systems are also specifically defined as an "electric railway".[8][9]

The dividing line between the metro and other modes of public transport, such as light rail[8][9] and commuter rail,[8][9] is not always clear. The UITP only makes distinctions between "metros" and "light rail",[6] the American Public Transportation Association (APTA) and Federal Transit Administration (FTA) distinguish all three modes.[8][9] A common way to distinguish metro from the light rail is by their separation from other traffic. While light rail systems may share roads or have level crossings, a metro system runs, almost always, on a grade-separated exclusive right-of-way, with no access for pedestrians and other traffic.

In contrast to commuter rail or light rail, metro systems are primarily used for transport within a city, and have higher service frequencies and substantially higher passenger volume capacities. Most metro systems do not share tracks with freight trains or inter-city rail services. It is not relevant whether the system runs on steel wheels or rubber tyres, or if the power supply is from a third rail or overhead line.

The name of the system is not a criterion for inclusion or exclusion. Some cities use "metro" as a brand name for a transit line with no component of rapid transit whatsoever. Similarly, there are systems branded "light rail" that meet every criterion for being a rapid transit system. Some systems also incorporate light metro or light rail lines as part of the larger system under a common name. These are listed, but the light rail lines are not counted in the provided network data.

Certain transit networks may match the service standards of metro systems, but reach far out of the city and are sometimes known as S-Bahn, suburban, regional or commuter rail. These are not included in this list. Neither are funicular systems, or people movers, such as amusement park, ski resort and airport transport systems.

This list counts metros separately when multiple metros in one city or metropolitan area have separate owners or operating companies. This list expressly does not aim at representing the size and scope of the total rapid transit network of a certain city or metropolitan area. The data in this list should not be used to infer the size of a city's, region's, or country's urban rail transit systems, or to establish a ranking.

Legend

Countries shown in green have at least one operational metro system. Countries shown in yellow have at least one metro system under construction.
City
Primary city served by the metro system.
Country
Sovereign state in which the metro system is located.
Name
The most common English name of the metro system (including a link to the article for that system).
Year opened
Map of all the world's metro systems
The year the metro system was opened for commercial service at metro standards. In other words, parts of the system may be older, but as parts of a former light rail or commuter rail network, so the year that the system obtained metro standards (most notably electrification) is the one listed.
Year of last expansion
The last time the system length or number of stations in the metro system was expanded.
Stations
The number of stations in the metro network, with stations connected by transfer counted as one.
System length
The system length of a metro network is the sum of the lengths of all routes in the rail network in kilometers or miles. Each route is counted only once, regardless of how many lines pass over it, and regardless of whether it is single-track or multi-track, single carriageway or dual carriageway.
Ridership
The number of unique journeys on the metro system every year. There is a major discrepancy between the ridership figures: some metro systems count transferring between lines as multiple journeys, but others do not.

List

Note: This list may not be fully representative, as yearly ridership numbers during the COVID-19 pandemic are shown for some systems, while others have numbers from previous years.

Table notes

^* Indicates ridership figures based on the fiscal year rather than the calendar year.

City Country/
region		 Name Service
opened		 Last
expanded		 Stations Lines System length Annual ridership
(millions)
Algiers  Algeria Algiers Metro 2011[11] 2018[12] 19[12] 1 18.5 km (11.5 mi)[13] 45.3 (2019)[R 1]
Buenos Aires  Argentina Buenos Aires Underground 1913[Nb 1] 2019[16] 78[Nb 2][17] 7 56.7 km (35.2 mi)[17] 74 (2020)[R 2]
Yerevan  Armenia Yerevan Metro 1981[18] 1996[19] 10[18] 1 12.1 km (7.5 mi)[18] 23.3 (2022)[R 3]
Sydney  Australia Sydney Metro 2019[20] – 13[20] 1 36 km (22 mi)[20][21] 19.7 (2022)[R 4][R 5][R Nb 1]
Vienna  Austria Vienna U-Bahn 1978[22][Nb 3] 2017[23] 98[24] 5 83.3 km (51.8 mi)[22] 459.8 (2019)[R 6]
Baku  Azerbaijan Baku Metro 1967[25] 2022[26] 27[25] 3 40.7 km (25.3 mi)[25] 202.5 (2022)[R 3]
Dhaka  Bangladesh Dhaka Metro Rail Transit 2022[27] 2023 16 1 20.1 km (12.5 mi) n/a
Minsk  Belarus Minsk Metro 1984[28] 2020[28] 30[29] 3 40.8 km (25.4 mi)[29] 225.9 (2022)[R 3]
Brussels  Belgium Brussels Metro 1976[30] 2009[Nb 4] 59[30][Nb 5] 4 39.9 km (24.8 mi)[31] 129.2 (2022)[R 7]
Belo Horizonte  Brazil Belo Horizonte Metro 1986[32] 2002[32] 19[33] 1 28.1 km (17.5 mi)[34] 54.4 (2019)[R 8]
Brasília  Brazil Federal District Metro 2001[35] 2020[36] 27[37] 2 42.4 km (26.3 mi)[37][38] 39.1 (2022)[R 9]
Fortaleza  Brazil Fortaleza Metro[Nb 6] 2012[39] 2013[40] 20[41] 2 24.1 km (15.0 mi)[41] 8.9 (2022)[R 10]
Porto Alegre  Brazil Porto Alegre Metro 1985[42] 2014[42] 22[43] 1 43.8 km (27.2 mi)[43] 31.9 (2022)[R 11]
Recife  Brazil Recife Metro[Nb 7] 1985[44] 2009[44] 28[45] 3 39.5 km (24.5 mi)[45] 93.5 (2019)[R 12]
Rio de Janeiro  Brazil Rio de Janeiro Metro 1979[46] 2016[47] 41[46] 3 58 km (36 mi)[47] 118.7 (2020)[R 13]
Salvador  Brazil Salvador Metro 2014[48] 2023[49] 20[50] 2 34 km (21 mi) 62 (2020)[R 14]
São Paulo  Brazil São Paulo Metro[Nb 8] 1974[51] 2021[52] 89[52] 6 104.4 km (64.9 mi)[52] 1,104.2 (2022)[R 15]
Sofia  Bulgaria Sofia Metro 1998[53] 2021[54] 47[54] 4 52 km (32 mi)[54] 92.4 (2019)[R 16]
Montreal  Canada Montreal Metro 1966[55] 2007[55] 68[56] 4 69.2 km (43.0 mi)[56] 245.5 (2022)[R 17][R Nb 2]
Réseau express métropolitain 2023[57] – 5 1 16.6 km (10.3 mi)[58] n/a
Toronto  Canada Toronto Subway[59] 1954[60] 2017[60] 70[61] 3 70.5 km (43.8 mi)[62] 235.7 (2022)[R 17][R Nb 2][R Nb 3]
Vancouver  Canada SkyTrain 1985[63] 2016[64] 53[64] 3 79.6 km (49.5 mi)[64] 116.6 (2022)[R 17][R Nb 2]
Santiago  Chile Santiago Metro 1975[65] 2023[66] 126[67] 7 149 km (93 mi)[68] 544.4 (2022)[R 18]
Beijing  China Beijing Subway[69] 1971[Nb 9] 2023[70] 381[Nb 10] 27 815.9 km (507.0 mi)[70][Nb 11] 2,292.7 (2020)[R 19]
Changchun  China Changchun Rail Transit 2017[Nb 12] 2023[71] 35[Nb 13] 2 43 km (27 mi)[Nb 14] 154.4 (2020)[R 19]
Changsha  China Changsha Metro 2014[72] 2023[73] 135 6 207.9 km (129.2 mi) 385.8 (2020)[R 19]
Changzhou  China Changzhou Metro 2019[74] 2021[75] 43 2 54 km (33.55 mi) 22.8 (2020)[R 19]
Chengdu  China Chengdu Metro 2010 2023[76] 291[Nb 15] 13 561.7 km (349.0 mi)[77] 1,800 (2021)[R 20]
Chongqing  China Chongqing Rail Transit 2004 2023 256[Nb 16] 11 523.7 km (325.4 mi)[78] 839.8 (2020)[R 19]
Dalian  China Dalian Metro[79] 2003 2023[80] 100 6 237.7 km (147.7 mi) 125.2 (2020)[R 19]
Dongguan  China Dongguan Rail Transit 2016[81] – 15 1 37.7 km (23.4 mi) 35.1 (2020)[R 19]
Foshan  China Foshan Metro[Nb 17] 2010 2022[82] 61 3 112.7 km (70.0 mi) n/a[R Nb 4]
Fuzhou  China Fuzhou Metro 2016[83] 2023[84] 90 5 143.5 km (89.2 mi) 94.8 (2020)[R 19]
Guangzhou  China Guangzhou Metro[Nb 18] 1997 2023[85] 265[Nb 19] 16 648.8 km (403.1 mi)[85] 2,415.6 (2020)[R 19]
Guiyang  China Guiyang Metro 2017[86] 2023[87] 82 3 118.73 km (73.78 mi)[87] 37 (2020)[R 19]
Hangzhou  China Hangzhou Metro[88] 2012 2022[89] 254[Nb 20] 13 516.2 km (320.8 mi)[90] 582.4 (2020)[R 19]
Harbin  China Harbin Metro 2013[91] 2023[92] 66 3 83.8 km (52.1 mi) 51.3 (2020)[R 19]
Hefei  China Hefei Metro 2016[93] 2023[94] 154 5 202 km (126 mi) 195.1 (2020)[R 19]
Hohhot  China Hohhot Metro 2019[95] 2020[96] 43[95] 2 49 km (30 mi)[95] 21.3 (2020)[R 19]
Hong Kong  China Hong Kong Mass Transit Railway 1979[Nb 21] 2022 99[97] 10 174.7 km (108.6 mi)[98] 1,616.3 (2021)[R 21][R 22][R Nb 5]
Jinan  China Jinan Metro 2019[99] 2021[100][101] 41[99][102] 3 84.3 km (52.4 mi)[99][102] 8.7 (2020)[R 19]
Jinhua  China Jinhua Rail Transit 2022[103] 2023 32 2 118.5 km (73.6 mi) n/a
Kunming  China Kunming Metro 2012 2022[104] 103 6 164.3 km (102.1 mi) 159.3 (2020)[R 19]
Lanzhou  China Lanzhou Metro 2019[105] 2023 27[105] 2 35 km (22 mi)[105] 52.5 (2020)[R 19]
Luoyang  China Luoyang Subway 2021[101][106] 2021 33[101][106] 2 43.6 km (27.1 mi)[101] n/a
Macau  China Macau Light Rapid Transit 2019 2023 12 1 12.5 km (7.8 mi) Unknown
Nanchang  China Nanchang Metro 2015 2021[107] 94 4 128.3 km (79.7 mi) 135.9 (2020)[R 19]
Nanjing  China Nanjing Metro[108] 2005 2023[109] 207[110] 13 505.9 km (314.4 mi)[111] 801.3 (2020)[R 19]
Nanning  China Nanning Metro[112] 2016 2021[113] 93 5 128.2 km (79.7 mi) 208.4 (2020)[R 19]
Nantong  China Nantong Rail Transit 2022[114] 2023 43 2 60 km (37 mi) n/a
Ningbo  China Ningbo Rail Transit[115] 2014 2022[116] 116 5 185.3 km (115.1 mi) 159.9 (2020)[R 19]
Qingdao  China Qingdao Metro 2015[117] 2023[118] 150 7 311.5 km (193.6 mi) 139.1 (2020)[R 19]
Shanghai  China Shanghai Metro 1993[119] 2021[120] 403[Nb 22] 19 795.5 km (494.3 mi)[120][Nb 23] 2,834.7 (2020)[R 19]
Shaoxing  China Shaoxing Metro 2021[121] 2023 36 2 57.8 km (35.9 mi)[121] n/a
Shenyang  China Shenyang Metro 2010 2023[122] 111 5 163.7 km (101.7 mi) 316.3 (2020)[R 19]
Shenzhen  China Shenzhen Metro 2004 2023[123] 307[Nb 24] 16 555.4 km (345.1 mi) 2,178 (2021)
Shijiazhuang  China Shijiazhuang Metro 2017 2021[124] 60[124] 3 76.5 km (47.5 mi)[124] 71.7 (2020)[R 19]
Suzhou  China Suzhou Rail Transit 2012 2023[125] 181 6 249.5 km (155.0 mi)[125] 308.6 (2020)[R 19]
Taiyuan  China Taiyuan Metro 2020 – 23 1 23.7 km (14.7 mi)[126] 0.88 (6 days in 2020)
Taizhou  China Taizhou Rail Transit 2022[127] – 15 1 52.4 km (32.6 mi)[128] n/a
Tianjin  China Tianjin Metro 1984 2023[129] 192 10 301 km (187 mi) 338.8 (2020)[R 19]
Ürümqi  China Ürümqi Metro 2018 2019[130] 21 1 27.6 km (17.1 mi) 19.1 (2020)[R 19]
Wenzhou  China Wenzhou Rail Transit 2019[131] 2023 36 2 116.5 km (72.4 mi)[132] 7 (2020)[R 19]
Wuhan  China Wuhan Metro 2004 2023[133] 262[Nb 25] 12 486.3 km (302.2 mi)[133] 1,012.7 (2021)[R 23]
Wuxi  China Wuxi Metro 2014[134] 2021[135] 80 4 114.8 km (71.3 mi) 87.2 (2020)[R 19]
Xiamen  China Xiamen Metro 2017[136] 2023[137] 70 3 98.4 km (61.1 mi) 114 (2020)[R 19]
Xi'an  China Xi'an Metro 2011 2023[138] 191 9 311 km (193 mi) 731 (2020)[R 19]
Xuzhou  China Xuzhou Metro 2019[139] 2021[140] 51 3 64.4 km (40.0 mi) 20.9 (2020)[R 19]
Zhengzhou  China Zhengzhou Metro 2013[141] 2023[142] 187 11 344.2 km (213.9 mi) 341 (2020)[R 19]
Medellín  Colombia Medellín Metro 1995[143] 2012[Nb 26] 27[143] 2 31.3 km (19.4 mi)[143] 215.2 (2022)[R 24]
Prague  Czech Republic Prague Metro 1974[144] 2015[Nb 27] 58[145] 3 65.4 km (40.6 mi)[146] 251.4 (2020)[R 25]
Copenhagen  Denmark Copenhagen Metro 2002[147] 2020[147] 39[148] 4 38.2 km (23.7 mi)[148] 107 (2022)[R 26]
Santo Domingo  Dominican Republic Santo Domingo Metro 2009 2018[149] 33[149][150][151] 2 31 km (19 mi)[150][151] 49.6 (2020)[R 27]
Quito  Ecuador Quito Metro 2023 – 15 1 22.6 km (14.0 mi) n/a
Cairo  Egypt Cairo Metro[152] 1987 2024[153] 80[152] 3 99.7 km (62.0 mi)[152] 1,314 (2015)[R 28][R Nb 6]
Helsinki  Finland Helsinki Metro 1982[154] 2022[Nb 28][155] 30[156] 2 43 km (27 mi)[157] 69.9 (2022)[R 29]
Lille  France Lille Metro 1983[158] 2000[158] 60[159] 2 45 km (28 mi)[159] 109.44 (2022)[R 30]
Lyon  France Lyon Metro 1978[160] 2023 42[161] 4 34.4 km (21.4 mi)[161] 194.58 (2022)[R 30]
Marseille  France Marseille Metro 1977 2019 29[162] 2 22.7 km (14.1 mi)[162] 67.28 (2022)[R 30]
Paris  France Paris Métro 1900[163] 2022[164] 308[165] 16 226.9 km (141.0 mi)[166] 1,339.3 (2022)[R 31][R 32][R Nb 7]
Rennes  France Rennes Metro 2002 2022 28 2 22.4 km (13.9 mi) 42.02 (2022)[R 30]
Toulouse  France Toulouse Metro 1993[167] 2007[167][Nb 29] 37[168] 2 28.2 km (17.5 mi)[167] 103.7 (2022)[R 30]
Tbilisi  Georgia Tbilisi Metro 1966[169] 2017[170][Nb 30] 23[171] 2 27.3 km (17.0 mi)[172] 78.4 (2020)[R 3]
Berlin  Germany Berlin U-Bahn 1902[173] 2021[174][175] 175[176][175] 9 155.6 km (96.7 mi)[177] 492.1 (2022)[R 33]
Hamburg  Germany Hamburg U-Bahn 1912[178] 2019[179] 93[180] 4 106 km (66 mi)[180] 195.8 (2022)[R 34]
Munich  Germany Munich U-Bahn 1971[181] 2010[Nb 31] 96[181] 8 95 km (59 mi)[181] 254 (2021)[R 35]
Nuremberg  Germany Nuremberg U-Bahn 1972 2020[182][183] 49[183] 3 38.4 km (23.9 mi)[183] 71.8 (2021)[R 36]
Athens  Greece Athens Metro[Nb 32] 1904[186][Nb 33] 2022[187] 66[188] 3 91.7 km (57.0 mi)[184] 259.2 (2018)[R 37][R Nb 8]
Budapest  Hungary Budapest Metro 1896 2014[189] 48 4 39.2 km (24.4 mi)[189][190] 211.6 (2021)[R 38]
Ahmedabad  India Ahmedabad Metro 2019[191] 2022[192] 31 2 37.9 km (23.5 mi)[193] 0.4 (2019*)[R 39]
Bangalore  India Namma Metro 2011[194] 2023[195] 65[196] 2 73.81 km (45.86 mi)[197][198] 174.2 (2020*)[R 40]
Chennai  India Chennai Metro 2015[199] 2021[200] 42[201] 2 54.1 km (33.6 mi)[202] 42 (2019*)[R 39]
New Delhi  India Delhi Metro 2002[203] 2023[204] 231[Nb 34] 10 351.3 km (218.3 mi)[Nb 35][205] 1,790 (2019*)[R 39]
Gurgaon  India Rapid Metro Gurgaon 2013[207] 2017[208] 11[208] 1 12.1 km (7.5 mi)[208] 18.3 (2018*)[R 41][R Nb 9]
Noida  India Noida Metro 2019[209] – 21 1 29.7 km (18.5 mi) 5 (2019*)[R 39]
Hyderabad  India Hyderabad Metro 2017[210] 2020[211] 58[211] 3 67 km (42 mi)[211] 173 (2019*)[R 39]
Jaipur  India Jaipur Metro 2015[212][213] 2020[213] 11[213] 1 12 km (7.5 mi)[213] 7 (2019*)[R 39]
Kanpur  India Kanpur Metro 2021[214] – 9 1 8.73 km (5.42 mi) n/a
Kochi  India Kochi Metro 2017[215] 2022[216] 24 1 26.8 km (16.7 mi)[217] 17 (2019*)[R 39]
Kolkata  India Kolkata Metro 1984[218] 2022[219] 40[220] 3 47.85 km (29.73 mi)[220] 256 (2019*)[R 39]
Lucknow  India Lucknow Metro 2017[221] 2019[222] 21[221] 1 22.9 km (14.2 mi)[221] 22 (2019*)[R 39]
Mumbai  India Mumbai Metro 2014[223] 2023[224] 40[225] 3 46.5 km (28.9 mi)[226] 126 (2018)[R 42]
Navi Mumbai  India Navi Mumbai Metro 2023 – 11 1 11.10 km (6.90 mi) n/a
Nagpur  India Nagpur Metro 2019[227] 2022[228] 36[228] 2 38.2 km (23.7 mi)[228] 4 (2019*)[R 39]
Pune  India Pune Metro 2022 2023 20 2 23.8 km (14.8 mi) n/a
Jakarta  Indonesia Jakarta Mass Rapid Transit 2019[229] – 13 1 15.7 km (9.8 mi) 19.7 (2022)[R 43]
Jabodebek LRT 2023 — 18 2 44.5 km (27.7 mi) n/a
Jakarta Light Rapid Transit 2019 — 6 1 5.8 km (3.6 mi) n/a
Palembang  Indonesia Palembang LRT 2018 - 13 1 23.4 km (14.5 mi) n/a
Isfahan  Iran Isfahan Urban Railway 2015[230] 2018[231][232] 20[231] 1 20.2 km (12.6 mi)[231] n/a
Mashhad  Iran Mashhad Urban Railway 2011[233] 2019[234] 35[235] 2 37.5 km (23.3 mi)[236] 50.7 (2018)[R 44]
Shiraz  Iran Shiraz Metro 2014[237] 2023[Nb 36] 24 2 32.5 km (20.2 mi) 18 (2018)[R 45]
Karaj  Iran Karaj Metro 2023[238][Nb 37] 2023[Nb 38] 3[Nb 39] 1 6.5 km (4.0 mi)[239][Nb 39] n/a
Tabriz  Iran Tabriz Metro 2015[240] 2020 18 1 17.2 km (10.7 mi) n/a
Tehran  Iran Tehran Metro 1999[241][Nb 40] 2023[242] 162[Nb 41][243][244] 6 274.1 km (170.3 mi)[Nb 41][243] 820 (2018*)[R 46]
Brescia  Italy Brescia Metro 2013[245] – 17[246] 1 13.7 km (8.5 mi)[246] 18.7 (2019)[R 47]
Catania  Italy Catania Metro 1999[247] 2021[Nb 42][248] 10[249] 1 8.8 km (5.5 mi) 6.5 (2019)[R 48]
Genoa  Italy Genoa Metro 1990[250] 2012[250] 8[250] 1 7.1 km (4.4 mi)[250] 15.3 (2018)[R 49][R Nb 10]
Milan  Italy Milan Metro 1964[251] 2023[251] 113[Nb 43] 5 104.1 km (64.7 mi)[253] 387.2 (2019)[R 50]
Naples  Italy Naples Metro[Nb 44] 1993 2021[Nb 45] 27[254] 4 30.8 km (19.1 mi)[254] 41.1 (2019)[R 51][R Nb 11]
Rome  Italy Rome Metro 1955 2018[255] 73[256] 3 60 km (37 mi)[257][258] 320 (2018)[R 52]
Turin  Italy Turin Metro 2006[259] 2021[260] 23[259][260] 1 15.1 km (9.4 mi)[260] 42.5 (2018)[R 53]
Fukuoka  Japan[Nb 46] Fukuoka City Subway 1981[261] 2023[262] 36[262] 3 31.4 km (19.5 mi)[262] 173.3 (2019*)[R 54][R Nb 12]
Hiroshima  Japan[Nb 46] Astram Line 1994[263] 2015[264] 22 1 18.4 km (11.4 mi)[263] 24 (2019*)[R 54][R Nb 12]
Kobe  Japan[Nb 46] Kobe Municipal Subway 1977[263] 2001 28 3 38.1 km (23.7 mi)[263] 114.2 (2019*)[R 54][R Nb 12]
Kyoto  Japan[Nb 46] Kyoto Municipal Subway 1981[263] 2008 31[265] 2 31.2 km (19.4 mi)[263] 146.4 (2019*)[R 54][R Nb 12]
Nagoya  Japan[Nb 46] Nagoya Municipal Subway 1957[263] 2011[266] 87[266] 6 93.3 km (58.0 mi)[266] 487.4 (2019*)[R 54][R Nb 12]
Osaka  Japan[Nb 46] Osaka Metro 1933[267] 2006[267] 100[268] 8 129.9 km (80.7 mi)[267][269] 870.4 (2016*)[R 55][R Nb 12]
Sapporo  Japan[Nb 46] Sapporo Municipal Subway 1971[263] 1999 46[270] 3 48 km (30 mi)[263] 226.9 (2019*)[R 54][R Nb 12]
Sendai  Japan[Nb 46] Sendai Subway 1987[271] 2015[272] 29[271] 2 28.7 km (17.8 mi)[271] 91.7 (2019*)[R 54][R Nb 12]
Tokyo  Japan[Nb 46] Toei Subway 1960[273] 2002[273] 99[Nb 47] 4 109 km (68 mi)[273] 1,174.9 (2019*)[R 56][R 54][R Nb 12]
Tokyo Metro 1927[276] 2020[277] 142[278] 9 195.1 km (121.2 mi)[279] 2,757.4 (2019*)[R 56][R 54][R Nb 12]
Rinkai Line 1996[263] 2002 8 1 12.2 km (7.6 mi)[263] 95 (2019*)[R 57][R Nb 12]
Yokohama  Japan[Nb 46] Yokohama Municipal Subway 1972[280] 2008[280] 40[280] 2 53.4 km (33.2 mi)[280] 243.2 (2019*)[R 54][R Nb 12]
Minatomirai Line 2004[263] 2008 6 1 4.1 km (2.5 mi)[263] 80.6 (2019*)[R 54][R Nb 12]
Almaty  Kazakhstan Almaty Metro 2011[281] 2022[281] 11 1 13.4 km (8.3 mi)[281] 17.1 (2022)[R 3]
Pyongyang  North Korea Pyongyang Metro 1973 1987[Nb 48] 17 2 22.5 km (14.0 mi) 36 (2009)[R 58]
Busan  South Korea Busan Metro 1985 2017[Nb 49] 114 4 115.2 km (71.6 mi)[282] 246.3 (2020)[R 59]
Daegu  South Korea Daegu Metro 1997 2015[Nb 50] 88[283] 3 82.9 km (51.5 mi)[283] 168 (2019)[R 60][R Nb 13]
Daejeon  South Korea Daejeon Metro 2006 2007[Nb 51] 22 1 22.6 km (14.0 mi)[284] 40 (2019)[R 60]
Gimhae  South Korea Busan-Gimhae LRT 2011 2011 21 1 23.9 km (14.9 mi) -
Gimpo  South Korea Gimpo Goldline 2019 2019 10 1 23.67 km (14.71 mi)[285] -
Gwangju  South Korea Gwangju Metro 2004 2008[Nb 52] 20 1 20.1 km (12.5 mi)[286] 19 (2019)[R 60]
Incheon  South Korea Incheon Subway 1999 2020[287] 56[288] 2 59.7 km (37.1 mi)[288] 199 (2022)[289]
Seoul  South Korea Seoul Metropolitan Subway[Nb 53][Nb 54] 1974[290] 2022[291] 337[292] 11[292] 357.46 km (222.12 mi)[292] 2,403 (2022)[R 61][R Nb 14][R Nb 15]
Korail metro lines[Nb 55][Nb 54] 1974[Nb 56] -[Nb 57] 276 7 606.5 km (376.9 mi)[293] -
Shinbundang Line[Nb 54] (Neo Trans) 2011 2022[294] 16 1 33.4 km (20.8 mi)[295] 122.5 (2019)[R 62][R Nb 16]
AREX 2007 2018 14 1 63.8 km (39.6 mi)[296] -
Uijeongbu  South Korea U Line 2012 2012 16 1 11.3 km (7.0 mi)[297] -
Yongin  South Korea EverLine 2013 2013 16 1 18.143 km (11.274 mi) -
Kuala Lumpur  Malaysia Rapid KL[Nb 58] 1996 2023[298] 138[Nb 59] 6 204.8 km (127.3 mi) 159.3 (2022)[R 63]
Guadalajara  Mexico Guadalajara Electric Rail System[Nb 60] 1994[Nb 61] 2020 28 1 30 km (19 mi) 114.5 (2021)[R 64]
Mexico City  Mexico Mexico City Metro 1969[299] 2012[Nb 62] 163[Nb 63] 12 200.9 km (124.8 mi)[300][Nb 64] 1057.5 (2022)[R 65]
Monterrey  Mexico Metrorrey 1991[301] 2021[302] 38[303] 3 40.2 km (25.0 mi)[303] 109.9 (2020)[R 66]
Amsterdam  Netherlands Amsterdam Metro 1977 2018[304] 39[305] 5 41.2 km (25.6 mi) 111.3 (2019)[R 67][R Nb 17]
Rotterdam  Netherlands Rotterdam Metro[Nb 65] 1968 2023 71 5 102.3 km (63.6 mi)[306] 99 (2019)[R 68]
Lagos  Nigeria Lagos Rail Mass Transit 2023 – 5[307] 1 13 km (8.1 mi) n/a
Oslo  Norway Oslo Metro[Nb 66] 1966[Nb 67] 2016[Nb 68] 101 5 85 km (53 mi)[308] 74 (2020)[R 69]
Lahore  Pakistan Lahore Metro 2020[309] – 26 1 27.1 km (16.8 mi)[309] 20 (2020-2021)[R 70]
Panama City  Panama Panama Metro 2014 2023[310] 32 2 37.8 km (23.5 mi) 49.9 (2020)[R 71]
Lima  Peru Lima Metro 2011 2023 31 2 39.4 km (24.5 mi)[311] 110.4 (2018)[R 72]
Manila  Philippines Manila Light Rail Transit System 1984[312] 2021[312] 33[313] 2 37.2 km (23.1 mi)[312][314] 218.2 (2019)[R 73][R Nb 18]
Manila Metro Rail Transit System 1999 2000 13 1 16.9 km (10.5 mi)[315] 96.9 (2019)[R 74]
Warsaw  Poland Warsaw Metro 1995 2022[316] 39 2 41.2 km (25.6 mi) 195.4 (2019)[R 75]
Lisbon  Portugal Lisbon Metro 1959[317] 2016[317] 50[317] 4 44.2 km (27.5 mi)[317] 184.6 (2019)[R 76]
Doha  Qatar Doha Metro 2019[318] 2019[319] 37[319] 3 76 km (47 mi)[Nb 69] n/a
Bucharest  Romania Bucharest Metro 1979[320] 2023[321] 64[322] 5 80.1 km (49.8 mi)[322] 179.2 (2019)[R 77]
Kazan  Russia Kazan Metro[323] 2005 2018[324] 11[325] 1 16.8 km (10.4 mi)[325] 30.5 (2022)[R 3]
Moscow  Russia Moscow Metro[326] 1935 2023 229[Nb 70][327] 15 514.5 km (319.7 mi)[327] 2,061.8 (2022)[R 3]
Nizhny Novgorod  Russia Nizhny Novgorod Metro 1985 2018[328] 15[328] 2 21.4 km (13.3 mi) 29.9 (2022)[R 3]
Novosibirsk  Russia Novosibirsk Metro 1986 2010[329] 14[325] 2 15.9 km (9.9 mi)[325] 77.3 (2022)[R 3]
Saint Petersburg  Russia Saint Petersburg Metro 1955 2019[330] 72[Nb 71][331] 5 124.8 km (77.5 mi)[331] 649 (2022)[R 3]
Samara  Russia Samara Metro 1987[332] 2015[333] 10[325] 1 11.6 km (7.2 mi)[325] 11.2 (2022)[R 3]
Yekaterinburg  Russia Yekaterinburg Metro 1991 2012[334] 9[325] 1 12.7 km (7.9 mi)[325] 38.9 (2022)[R 3]
Singapore  Singapore Singapore Mass Rapid Transit 1987 2022[335] 134[335] 6 230 km (140 mi) 1,001.9 (2022)[R 78][R Nb 19]
Barcelona  Spain Barcelona Metro[Nb 72] 1924 2021[336] 132[Nb 73][337] 12 128.3 km (79.7 mi)[337] 371.7 (2022)[R 79]
Bilbao  Spain Metro Bilbao[Nb 74] 1995[338] 2020[339][340] 42[341][340] 3 45.1 km (28.0 mi)[341] 80.3 (2022)[R 80]
Madrid  Spain Madrid Metro[Nb 75] 1919[342] 2019[343] 242[344] 13 293.9 km (182.6 mi)[344] 571.7 (2022)[R 81]
Stockholm  Sweden Stockholm Metro 1950[345][Nb 76] 1994[345] 100[346] 7 108 km (67 mi)[346] 462 (2019)[R 82][R Nb 20]
Lausanne   Switzerland Lausanne Métro[Nb 77] 2008[347] – 14 1 5.9 km (3.7 mi) 32.8 (2019)[R 83][R Nb 21]
Kaohsiung  Taiwan Kaohsiung Rapid Transit 2008 2012 37[348] 2 42.7 km (26.5 mi)[348] 65.4 (2019)[R 84]
New Taipei City  Taiwan New Taipei Mass Rapid Transit 2020 - 14 1 15.4 km (9.6 mi) n/a
Taipei  Taiwan Taipei Mass Rapid Transit 1996[349] 2020[350] 119[Nb 78] 5 152.9 km (95.0 mi)[351] 695.7 (2020)[R 85]
Taichung  Taiwan Taichung Mass Rail Transit[353] 2021[354] – 18[354] 1 16.7 km (10.4 mi)[354] n/a
Taoyuan  Taiwan Taoyuan Mass Rapid Transit 2017 2023 22[355] 1 53.1 km (33.0 mi) 28 (2019)[R 86]
Bangkok  Thailand BTS Skytrain 1999[356] 2021[357] 64[358] 3 70.05 km (43.53 mi)[358] 266.5 (2023)[R 87]
Metropolitan Rapid Transit 2004[359] 2023[360] 107[361] 4 135.9 km (84.4 mi)[361] 167.3 (2023)[R 87]
Adana  Turkey Adana Metro 2009 2010 13[362] 1 13.5 km (8.4 mi)[362] 14 (2011)[R 88]
Ankara  Turkey Ankara Metro 1997 2023[363][Nb 79] 57[364] 3 67.4 km (41.9 mi)[363][364] 67.4 (2020)[R 89]
Bursa  Turkey Bursaray 2002 2014[Nb 80] 39[365] 2 39 km (24 mi)[365] 91.3 (2010)[R 90]
Istanbul  Turkey Istanbul Metro 1989[366] 2023 128[Nb 81] 11 199.26 km (123.81 mi)[367] 542 (2022)[R 91]
İzmir  Turkey İzmir Metro 2000[369] 2014[369] 17[369] 1 19.8 km (12.3 mi)[369] 100 (2019)[R 92]
Dnipro  Ukraine Dnipro Metro 1995 – 6[370] 1 7.8 km (4.8 mi)[370] 7.5 (2018)[R 93]
Kharkiv  Ukraine Kharkiv Metro 1975 2016 30[370] 3 38.7 km (24.0 mi)[370] 231.1 (2018)[R 94]
Kyiv  Ukraine Kyiv Metro 1960 2013 52[370] 3 67.7 km (42.1 mi)[370] 496.1 (2018)[R 95]
Dubai  United Arab Emirates Dubai Metro 2009[371] 2021[372] 53 2 89.3 km (55.5 mi)[373] 113.6 (2020)[R 96]
Glasgow  United Kingdom Glasgow Subway 1896[374] – 15[374] 1 10.4 km (6.5 mi)[374] 11.9 (2022*)[R 97]
Newcastle  United Kingdom Tyne and Wear Metro 1980 2002 60 2 77.5 km (48.2 mi) 29.3 (2022*)[R 97]
London  United Kingdom London Underground[375] 1863[1][Nb 82] 2021[1] 272[376] 11 402 km (250 mi)[376] 1,026 (2022*)[R 98][R Nb 22]
Docklands Light Railway 1987[377] 2011[377] 45[377] 7 34 km (21 mi) 92.3 (2022*)[R 97]
Elizabeth Line 2022 2023 41 1 117 km (73 mi) 192.6 (2022/2023)[R 99]
Atlanta  United States MARTA 1979[378] 2000[378] 38[379] 4 76.6 km (47.6 mi)[379] 28.2 (2022)[R 17][R Nb 2]
Baltimore  United States Baltimore Metro SubwayLink 1983[380] 1995[381] 14[381] 2 24.9 km (15.5 mi)[381] 2 (2022)[R 17][R Nb 2]
Boston  United States MBTA subway[Nb 83] 1901[380][Nb 84] 2014[382] 51[383] 3 63.9 km (39.7 mi)[383] 81 (2022)[R 17][R Nb 2]
Chicago  United States Chicago "L"[Nb 66] 1892[384][Nb 85] 2017[385] 145[386] 8 165.4 km (102.8 mi)[386][Nb 86] 103.5 (2022)[R 17][R Nb 2]
Cleveland  United States Red Line (RTA Rapid Transit) 1955[387] 1968[387] 18[388] 1 31 km (19 mi)[388] 2.8 (2022)[R 17][R Nb 2]
Honolulu  United States Skyline 2023 – 9 1 17.4 km (10.8 mi) n/a
Los Angeles  United States Metro Rail[Nb 87] 1993[389] 2000[389][Nb 88] 16[389][Nb 87] 2 28 km (17 mi)[389] 25.8 (2022)[R 17][R Nb 2][R Nb 23]
Miami  United States Metrorail 1984[390] 2012 23[391] 2 39.3 km (24.4 mi)[391] 12 (2022)[R 17][R Nb 2]
New York City  United States New York City Subway 1904[392][Nb 89] 2017[393] 424[Nb 90] 28 399 km (248 mi)[394] 1,793.1 (2022)[R 17][R Nb 2]
Staten Island Railway 1925[380][Nb 91] 2017[395] 21[392][396] 1 22.5 km (14.0 mi)[394] 3.8 (2022)[R 17][R Nb 2]
PATH 1908[397] 1937[Nb 92] 13[398] 4 22.2 km (13.8 mi)[399] 45.5 (2022)[R 17][R Nb 2]
Philadelphia  United States SEPTA[400][Nb 93] 1907[380] 1973 72[400] 2 59.1 km (36.7 mi)[401][402] 41.2 (2022)[R 17][R Nb 2]
PATCO Speedline 1936[380][Nb 94] 1980[403] 13[403] 1 22.9 km (14.2 mi)[403] 4.9 (2022)[R 17][R Nb 2]
San Francisco (Bay Area)  United States BART[Nb 95] 1972[404] 2020[405] 47[404][Nb 96] 6 192 km (119 mi)[404][Nb 97] 39.6 (2022)[R 17][R Nb 2]
San Juan  United States Tren Urbano 2004[380] 2005 16 1 17.2 km (10.7 mi) 2.5 (2022)[R 17][R Nb 2]
Washington, D.C.  United States Washington Metro 1976[406] 2023[407] 98[406] 6 208 km (129 mi) 93 (2022)[R 17][R Nb 2]
Tashkent  Uzbekistan Tashkent Metro 1977 2023[Nb 98][408] 48[409] 4 66.5 km (41.3 mi)[409] 136.7 (2022)[R 3]
Caracas  Venezuela Caracas Metro[Nb 99] 1983[410] 2015[411] 49[Nb 100] 5 67.2 km (41.8 mi)[Nb 100] 358 (2017)[R 100]
Valencia  Venezuela Valencia Metro 2006 – 13 1 7.7 km (4.8 mi) 22.6
Hanoi  Vietnam Hanoi Metro 2021[413] – 12 1 13.1 km (8.1 mi) 10.7 (2023)[R 101][R 102]
Table notes

^* Indicates ridership figures based on the fiscal year rather than the calendar year.

List by country

Recent ridership figures, particularly for 2020, will have been affected by the COVID pandemic.

Country Systems Length Lines Stations Annual ridership / km
(millions)		 Inauguration
 Algeria 1 18.5 km (11.5 mi) 1 19 2.40 (2019) 2011
 Argentina 1 56.7 km (35.2 mi) 7 104 1.31 (2020) 1913
 Armenia 1 12.1 km (7.5 mi) 1 10 1.93 (2022) 1981
 Australia 1 36 km (22 mi) 1 13 0.35 (2020) 2019
 Austria 1 83.3 km (51.8 mi) 5 109 5.51 (2019) 1978
 Azerbaijan 1 40.7 km (25.3 mi) 3 27 4.98 (2022) 1967
 Bangladesh 1 20.1 km (12.5 mi) 1 16 n/a 2022
 Belarus 1 40.8 km (25.4 mi) 3 33 5.54 (2022) 1984
 Belgium 1 39.9 km (24.8 mi) 4 59 2.19 (2020) 1976
 Brazil 8 873.9 km (543.0 mi) 35 474 3.45 (2018–20) 1974
 Bulgaria 1 52 km (32 mi) 4 47 1.79 (2018) 1998
Canada Canada 4 243.3 km (151.2 mi) 12 201 2.64 (2022) 1954
 Chile 1 149 km (93 mi) 7 143 1.88 (2020) 1975
China China 46 9,781.3 km (6,077.8 mi) 279 5,348 2.10 (2020)[R Nb 24] 1971
 Colombia 1 31.3 km (19.4 mi) 2 27 3.68 (2020) 1995
 Czech Republic 1 65.4 km (40.6 mi) 3 61 3.85 (2020) 1974
 Denmark 1 38.2 km (23.7 mi) 4 39 1.66 (2020) 2002
 Dominican Republic 1 31 km (19 mi) 2 34 1.60 (2020) 2009
 Ecuador 1 22.6 km (14.0 mi) 1 15 n/a 2023
 Egypt 1 93.4 km (58.0 mi) 3 74 n/a 1987
 Finland 1 43 km (27 mi) 2 30 1.63 (2022) 1982
 France 7 386.9 km (240.4 mi) 29 507 3.70 (2019–20) 1900
 Georgia 1 27.3 km (17.0 mi) 2 23 2.74 (2022) 1966
 Germany 4 386.8 km (240.3 mi) 24 413 3.59 (2019) 1902
 Greece 1 91.7 km (57.0 mi) 3 72 2.92 (2018) 1904
 Hungary 1 39.4 km (24.5 mi) 4 48 6.09 (2020) 1896
 India 16 895 km (556 mi)[414] 38 666 3.70 (2021)[R Nb 25] 1984[415]
 Indonesia 4 89.4 km (55.6 mi) 5 50 0.63 (2020) 2018
 Iran 6 408.7 km (254.0 mi) 17 262 4.08 (2018)[R Nb 26] 1999
 Italy 7 239.6 km (148.9 mi) 15 280 3.73 (2018–19) 1955
 Japan 13 792.8 km (492.6 mi) 45 747 8.19 (2019) 1927
 Kazakhstan 1 13.4 km (8.3 mi) 1 11 1.27 (2022) 2011
 Malaysia 1 210.8 km (131.0 mi) 6 137 0.79 (2020) 1996
 Mexico 3 287.5 km (178.6 mi) 18 283 4.37 (2020)[R Nb 27] 1969
 Netherlands 2 143.5 km (89.2 mi) 10 109 1.48 (2019) 1968
 Nigeria 1 13 km (8.1 mi) 1 5 n/a 2023
 North Korea 1 22 km (14 mi) 2 16 1.63 (2009) 1973
 Norway 1 85 km (53 mi) 5 101 0.87 (2020) 1966
 Pakistan 1 27.1 km (16.8 mi) 1 26 0.74 (2020–2021) 2020
 Panama 1 37.8 km (23.5 mi) 2 29 1.38 (2020) 2014
 Peru 1 39.4 km (24.5 mi) 2 31 3.19 (2018) 2011
 Philippines 2 54.1 km (33.6 mi) 3 46 5.82 (2019) 1984
 Poland 1 41.2 km (25.6 mi) 2 34 5.50 (2019) 1995
 Portugal 1 44.2 km (27.5 mi) 4 56 1.93 (2020) 1959
 Qatar 1 76 km (47 mi) 3 37 n/a 2019
 Romania 1 80.1 km (49.8 mi) 5 64 1.6 (2023) 1979
 Russia 7 663.7 km (412.4 mi) 29 426 4.62 (2022) 1935
 Singapore 1 230.6 km (143.3 mi) 6 134 3.41 (2020) 1987
 Spain 3 467.3 km (290.4 mi) 28 539 1.43 (2019) 1919
 South Korea 8 883.4 km (548.9 mi) 34 695 3.87 (2019) 1974
 Sweden 1 108 km (67 mi) 7 100 3.10 (2018) 1950
  Switzerland 1 5.9 km (3.7 mi) 1[R Nb 28] 14 5.55 (2019) 2008
 Taiwan 5 258.7 km (160.7 mi) 11 231 3.26 (2019–20)[R Nb 29] 1996
 Thailand 2 205.95 km (127.97 mi) 7 171 2.11 (2023) 1999
 Turkey 5 338.96 km (210.62 mi) 17 256 1.94 (2019–20)[R Nb 30] 1989
 Ukraine 3 114.2 km (71.0 mi) 7 88 6.43 (2022) 1960
 United Arab Emirates 1 89.5 km (55.6 mi) 3 53 1.26 (2020) 2009
 United Kingdom 5 640.9 km (398.2 mi) 22 433 2.11 (2022) 1863
 United States 16 1,386.2 km (861.3 mi) 87 1,237 1.66 (2022) 1892
 Uzbekistan 1 66.5 km (41.3 mi) 4 43 2.32 (2022) 1977
 Venezuela 4 92.6 km (57.5 mi) 9 73 5.32 (2017) 1983
 Vietnam 1 13.1 km (8.1 mi) 1 12 n/a 2021

List by continent

North America

Country Systems Length Lines Stations Annual ridership / km
(millions)		 Inauguration
Canada Canada 4 243.3 km (151.2 mi) 12 201 2.64 (2022) 1954
 Dominican Republic 1 31 km (19 mi) 2 34 1.60 (2020) 2009
 Mexico 3 287.5 km (178.6 mi) 18 283 4.37 (2020)[R Nb 31] 1969
 Panama 1 36.8 km (22.9 mi) 2 29 1.38 (2020) 2014
 United States 16 1,386.2 km (861.3 mi) 86 1,228 1.66 (2022) 1892

South America

Country Systems Length Lines Stations Annual ridership / km
(millions)		 Inauguration
 Argentina 1 56.7 km (35.2 mi) 7 104 1.31 (2020) 1913
 Brazil 8 374.3 km (232.6 mi) 28 389 3.45 (2018–20) 1974
 Chile 1 140 km (87 mi) 7 136 1.88 (2020) 1975
 Colombia 1 31.3 km (19.4 mi) 2 27 3.68 (2020) 1995
 Ecuador 1 22.6 km (14.0 mi) 1 15 n/a 2023
 Peru 1 34.6 km (21.5 mi) 2 31 3.19 (2018) 2011
 Venezuela 4 67.2 km (41.8 mi) 9 73 5.32 (2017) 1983

Europe

Country Systems Length Lines Stations Annual ridership / km
(millions)		 Inauguration
 Austria 1 83.3 km (51.8 mi) 5 109 5.51 (2019) 1978
 Belarus 1 40.8 km (25.4 mi) 3 33 5.54 (2022) 1984
 Belgium 1 39.9 km (24.8 mi) 4 59 2.19 (2020) 1976
 Bulgaria 1 52 km (32 mi) 4 47 1.79 (2018) 1998
 Czech Republic 1 65.4 km (40.6 mi) 3 61 3.85 (2020) 1974
 Denmark 1 38.2 km (23.7 mi) 4 39 1.66 (2020) 2002
 Finland 1 43 km (27 mi) 2 30 1.63 (2022) 1982
 France 7 386.9 km (240.4 mi) 29 507 3.70 (2019–20) 1900
 Germany 4 386.8 km (240.3 mi) 24 413 3.59 (2019) 1902
 Greece 1 91.7 km (57.0 mi) 3 72 2.92 (2018) 1904
 Hungary 1 39.4 km (24.5 mi) 4 48 6.09 (2020) 1896
 Italy 7 239.6 km (148.9 mi) 15 280 3.73 (2018–19) 1955
 Netherlands 2 143.5 km (89.2 mi) 10 109 1.48 (2019) 1968
 Norway 1 85 km (53 mi) 5 101 0.87 (2020) 1966
 Poland 1 41.2 km (25.6 mi) 2 34 5.50 (2019) 1995
 Portugal 1 44.2 km (27.5 mi) 4 56 1.93 (2020) 1959
 Romania 1 79.1 km (49.2 mi) 5 64 2.28 (2019) 1979
 Russia 7 663.7 km (412.4 mi) 29 426 4.62 (2022) 1935
 Spain 3 457.3 km (284.2 mi) 28 539 1.43 (2019) 1919
 Sweden 1 108 km (67 mi) 7 100 3.10 (2018) 1950
  Switzerland 1 5.9 km (3.7 mi) 1[R Nb 32] 14 5.55 (2019) 2008
 Turkey 5 338.96 km (210.62 mi) 17 256 1.94 (2019–20)[R Nb 33] 1989
 Ukraine 3 114.2 km (71.0 mi) 7 88 6.43 (2022) 1960
 United Kingdom 5 640.9 km (398.2 mi) 22 433 2.11 (2022) 1863

Asia and Oceania

Country Systems Length Lines Stations Annual ridership / km
(millions)		 Inauguration
 Armenia 1 12.1 km (7.5 mi) 1 10 1.93 (2022) 1981
 Australia 1 36 km (22 mi) 1 13 0.55 (2023) 2019
 Azerbaijan 1 40.7 km (25.3 mi) 3 27 4.98 (2022) 1967
 Bangladesh 1 20.1 km (12.5 mi) 1 16 n/a 2022
China China 46 9,781.3 km (6,077.8 mi) 279 5,348 2.10 (2020)[R Nb 34] 1971
 Georgia 1 27.3 km (17.0 mi) 2 23 2.74 (2022) 1966
 India 16 895 km (556 mi)[416][414] 37 655 3.70 (2021)[R Nb 35] 1984
 Indonesia 4 89.4 km (55.6 mi) 5 50 0.63 (2020) 2018
 Iran 6 407.8 km (253.4 mi) 18 262 4.08 (2018)[R Nb 36] 1999
 Japan 13 792.8 km (492.6 mi) 45 747 8.19 (2019) 1927
 Kazakhstan 1 13.4 km (8.3 mi) 1 11 1.27 (2022) 2011
 Malaysia 1 210.8 km (131.0 mi) 6 137 0.79 (2020) 1996
 North Korea 1 22 km (14 mi) 2 16 1.63 (2009) 1973
 Pakistan 1 27.1 km (16.8 mi) 1 26 0.74 (2020-2021) 2020
 Qatar 1 76 km (47 mi) 3 37 n/a 2019
 Philippines 2 54.1 km (33.6 mi) 3 46 5.82 (2019) 1984
 Singapore 1 230.6 km (143.3 mi) 6 134 3.41 (2020) 1987
 South Korea 8 883.4 km (548.9 mi) 34 695 3.87 (2019) 1974
 Taiwan 5 258.7 km (160.7 mi) 11 231 3.26 (2019–20)[R Nb 37] 1996
 Thailand 2 205.95 km (127.97 mi) 7 171 2.11 (202) 1999
 United Arab Emirates 1 89.5 km (55.6 mi) 3 53 1.26 (2020) 2009
 Uzbekistan 1 66.5 km (41.3 mi) 4 43 2.32 (2022) 1977
 Vietnam 1 13.1 km (8.1 mi) 1 12 n/a 2021

Africa

Country Systems Length Lines Stations Annual ridership / km
(millions)		 Inauguration
 Algeria 1 18.5 km (11.5 mi) 1 19 2.40 (2019) 2011
 Egypt 1 93.4 km (58.0 mi) 3 74 n/a 1987
 Nigeria 1 13 km (8.1 mi) 1 5 n/a 2023

Under construction

The following is a list of new worldwide metro systems that are currently actively under construction. Note that in some cases it is not clear if the system will be considered a full metro system once it begins operational service. Only metro systems under construction are listed where there are no metro systems currently in operation in the same city.

The countries of Ivory Coast, Mongolia, Iraq, Saudi Arabia and Serbia are currently constructing their first ever metro systems.

City Country Name Construction started Projected
opening		 Lines Stations Length by first opening
Brisbane  Australia Cross River Rail 2017 2026 1 6 10.9 km (6.8 mi)
Melbourne  Australia Metro Tunnel
(including Sunbury-Dandenong Line Corridor)		 2017 2025 1 5 9 km (5.6 mi)
Suburban Rail Loop 2022 2035 1 6 26 km (16 mi)
Liuzhou  China Liuzhou Rail Transit 2016 2024 4 97 150 km (93 mi)
Bogotá  Colombia Bogotá Metro 2020[UC 1] 2028 1 16 24 km (15 mi)
Thessaloniki  Greece Thessaloniki Metro 2006[UC 2] 2024[UC 3] 2 18 14.3 km (8.9 mi)
Agra  India Agra Metro 2020 2024[UC 4] 2 30 29.6 km (18.4 mi)
Bhopal  India Bhopal Metro 2018 2024[UC 5] 2 29 27.9 km (17.3 mi)
Indore  India Indore Metro 2018 2024[UC 6] 1 29 33.5 km (20.8 mi)
Patna  India Patna Metro 2020 2027 2 26 32.9 km (20.5 mi)
Surat  India Surat Metro 2021 2027 2 38 40.3 km (25 mi)
Medan  Indonesia Medan LRT 2020 2024 3 17 41.3 km (25.7 mi)
Ahvaz  Iran Ahvaz Metro 2004 2024[UC 7] 1 24 23 km (14.3 mi)
Qom[UC 8]  Iran Qom Metro 2009 2024[UC 9] 1 14 14 km (8.7 mi)
Baghdad  Iraq Baghdad Metro 2023 2027 4 34 31 km (19 mi)
Abidjan  Ivory Coast Abidjan Metro 2017 2025[UC 10] 1 20 37.5 km (23.3 mi)
Johor Bahru
Woodlands		  Malaysia
 Singapore		 Rapid Transit System Link 2020[UC 11] 2026 1 2 4 km (2.5 mi)
George Town  Malaysia
 Penang Light Rapid Transit 2023[417][418] 2028 1 19 26.8 km (16.7 mi)
Ulaanbaatar  Mongolia Ulaanbaatar Metro 2024 2028 1 14 17.7 km (11.0 mi)
Manila  Philippines Metro Manila Subway 2021 2025 1 15 36 km (22 mi)
Cluj-Napoca  Romania Cluj-Napoca Metro 2023 2026 1 9 9.2 km (5.7 mi)
Krasnoyarsk  Russia Krasnoyarsk Metro 1995 2026 [UC 12] 1 9 10.6 km (6.6 mi)
Chelyabinsk  Russia Chelyabinsk Metro 1992 2026 1 4 5.7 km (3.5 mi)
Astana  Kazakhstan Astana Metro 1988 2024 1 18 21.5 km (13.4 mi)
Jeddah  Saudi Arabia Jeddah Metro 2014 2025 3 46 108 km (67 mi)
Riyadh[UC 13]  Saudi Arabia Riyadh Metro 2014[UC 13] 2024[UC 14] 6 84 176 km (109 mi)
Belgrade  Serbia Belgrade Metro 2021[UC 15] 2028[UC 16] 2 43 40.5 km (25.2 mi)
Gebze  Turkey Gebze Metro 2018 2024 1 12 15.4 km (9.6 mi)
Konya  Turkey Konya Metro 2020[UC 17] 2025[UC 18] 1 22 21.1 km (13.1 mi)
Mersin  Turkey Mersin Metro 2022[UC 19] 2026 1 11 13.4 km (8.3 mi)
Guarenas - Guatire  Venezuela Guarenas/Guatire Metro 2007 – 1 7 _
Ho Chi Minh City[UC 20][UC 21]  Vietnam Ho Chi Minh City Metro 2012[UC 20] 2024[UC 22] 1 14 19.7 km (12.2 mi)

Planned metro systems

The following is a list of worldwide metro systems that are proposed, approved or cancelled. Note that in some cases it is not clear if the system will be considered a full metro system once it starts construction. Only metro systems planned are listed where there are no metro systems currently in operation or under construction in the same city.

City Country Name
Oran  Algeria Oran Metro
Cordoba  Argentina Cordoba Metro
Brisbane  Australia Brisbane Subway[419]
Graz  Austria Graz U-Bahn[420]
Bandar Seri Begawan  Brunei Brunei Metro
Phnom Penh  Cambodia Phnom Penh Mass Rapid Transit
Anqing  China Anqing Metro
Haikou  China Haikou Metro
Jiaxing  China Jiaxing Metro
Jilin  China Jilin Metro
Nanyang  China Nanyang Metro
Yangzhou  China Yangzhou Metro
Zhuhai  China Zhuhai Metro
Zagreb  Croatia Zagreb Metro
Tallinn  Estonia Tallinn Metro
Copenhagen
Malmö		  Denmark
 Sweden		 Öresund Metro
Alexandria  Egypt Alexandria Metro
Accra  Ghana Accra Skytrain
Bhubaneswar  India Bhubaneswar Metro
Chandigarh  India Chandigarh Metro
Coimbatore  India Kovai Metro
Thane  India Thane Metro
Guwahati  India Guwahati Metro
Thiruvananthapuram  India Thiruvananthapuram Light Metro
Vadodara  India Vadodara Metro
Bandung  Indonesia Bandung Light Rail Transit
Batam City  Indonesia Batam Light Rail Transit
Denpasar Bali  Indonesia Bali Light Rail Transit
Makassar  Indonesia Makassar Light Rail Transit
Surabaya  Indonesia Surabaya Mass Rapid Transit
Kerman  Iran Kerman Metro
Dublin  Ireland Dublin MetroLink
Tel Aviv  Israel Tel Aviv Metro
Kuwait City  Kuwait Kuwait City Metro
Riga  Latvia Riga Metro
Vilnius  Lithuania Vilnius Metro
Ipoh  Malaysia Ipoh Light Rapid Transit
Johor Bahru  Malaysia Johor Bahru Light Rapid Transit
Kota Kinabalu  Malaysia Kota Kinabalu Line
Kuala Terengganu  Malaysia Kuala Terengganu Light Rapid Transit
Malacca City  Malaysia Malacca City Light Rapid Transit
Valetta  Malta Malta Metro
Casablanca  Morocco Casablanca Metro
Yangon  Myanmar Yangon Urban Mass Rapid Transit
Kathmandu    Nepal Kathmandu Metro
Quetta  Pakistan Quetta Mass Transit
Arequipa  Peru Arequipa Metro
Krakow  Poland Krakow Metro [421]
Cebu City  Philippines Cebu Monorail Transit System
Omsk  Russia Omsk Metro
Dammam  Saudi Arabia Dammam Metro
Mecca  Saudi Arabia Mecca Metro
Medina  Saudi Arabia Medina Metro
Bratislava  Slovakia Bratislava Metro
Damascus  Syria Damascus Metro
Changhua  Taiwan Changhua Mass Rapid Transit
Keelung City  Taiwan Keelung Mass Rapid Transit
Tainan  Taiwan Tainan Mass Rapid Transit
Hat Yai  Thailand Hat Yai Monorail
Phuket Island  Thailand Phuket Island LRT
Gaziantep  Turkey Gaziantep Metro
Ashgabat  Turkmenistan Ashgabat Metro
Donetsk  Ukraine Donetsk Metro
Abu Dhabi  United Arab Emirates Abu Dhabi Metro
Sharjah  United Arab Emirates Sharjah Metro
Greater Bristol  United Kingdom Bristol Underground
Cambridge  United Kingdom Cambridgeshire Autonomous Metro
Detroit  United States Detroit Metro Rail
Montevideo  Uruguay Montevideo Metro
Binh Duong  Vietnam Binh Duong Metro
Can Tho  Vietnam Can Tho Metro
Da Nang  Vietnam Da Nang Metro
Ha Long  Vietnam Quang Ninh Metro
Haiphong  Vietnam Haiphong Metro

See also

Notes

System notes

  1. ↑ Line A opened in stages between 1913 and 1914 by the Anglo-Argentine Tramways Company. Line A services continued as above-ground tram services through an access ramp at Primera Junta Station. Subway-surface services into Line A ceased in 1926, with the line and its rolling stock transitioned into pure rapid transit operation by 1927.[14][15]
  2. ↑ The number is 78 if interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted as one station, or 90 if all stations on all lines are counted multiple times for each line.
  3. ↑ Vienna's Metropolitan Railway (Wiener Stadtbahn) first opened for service in 1898, operating steam locomotive trains on mostly elevated or underground ROWs. From 1976 onwards, part of it was integrated into the newly established Vienna U-Bahn system (lines U4 and U6), operating as a modern metro.
  4. ↑ Line 2's loop was completed in 2009.
  5. ↑ Not including stations of premetro Lines T3, T4, and T7.
  6. ↑ Includes Metrofor's rapid transit line only: Linha Sul (South Line).
  7. ↑ Includes Metrorec's rapid transit lines only: Linha Centro (Center Line) and Linha Sul (South Line).
  8. ↑ Does not include São Paulo Metropolitan Trains system.
  9. ↑ The Beijing Subway's first line began trial operations on 1 October 1969. It opened to revenue service under trial operations on 15 January 1971. Initially, only members of the public with credential letters from their work units could purchase tickets, but this restriction was removed on 27 December 1972. The subway line passed its final inspections and ended trial operations on 15 September 1981. During the trial operations period, annual ridership rose from 8.28 million in 1971 to 55.2 million in 1980. See the history section of the Beijing Subway for details and references.
  10. ↑ The number of stations is 381 if the 80 (71 2-line, 9 3-line) interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted as one station, or 470 if all stations on all lines are counted multiple times for each line. Both counts exclude the 20 stations of the Xijiao and Line T1 tram lines.[70]
  11. ↑ Length excludes the Xijiao and Line T1 tram lines, which combined are 20.7 km long.
  12. ↑ Opening of metro Line 1 and not light rail Line 3, which opened in 2002.
  13. ↑ There are 100 stations if the station on 3 light rail line are counted
  14. ↑ There are 111.2 km (69.1 mi) of rail length if 3 light rail line are counted
  15. ↑ There are 291 stations if the 51 (46 2-line, 5 3-line) interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted as one station. There are 347 stations if all stations on all lines are counted multiple times for each line. Excludes light rail line T2.
  16. ↑ There are 256 stations if the 42 (36 2-line, 6 3-line) interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted as one station. There are 304 stations if all stations on all lines are counted multiple times for each line.
  17. ↑ First line of Foshan Metro serves two cities – Foshan and Guangzhou
  18. ↑ The 9 station, 4.0-km long APM line is not included here, because it is a people mover.
  19. ↑ There are 265 stations if the 43 (40 2-line, 3 3-line) interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted as one station. There are 311 stations if all stations on all lines are counted multiple times for each line.
  20. ↑ There are 254 stations if the 44 (40 2-line, 4 3-line) interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted as one station. There are 302 stations if all stations on all lines are counted multiple times for each line.
  21. ↑ The first MTR route to offer metro service was the Modified Initial System in 1979, which consists of portions of the later Tsuen Wan Line and Kwun Tong Line. Though the eventual East Rail Line opened as a conventional railway in 1910, it did not offer metro service until at least in 1982 when it was electrified.
  22. ↑ As of December 2021, the number of stations is 500 if the 82 interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) (69 2-line, 11 3-line, and 2 4-line) are counted multiple times, once for each line, while there are 403 stations if they are combined; shared tracks/platforms on Lines 3 and 4 are anyway counted as a single stations (nine in all between Hongqiao Road and Baoshan Road).[120]
  23. ↑ This figure excludes Pujiang line, Maglev line and Jinshan Railway, all of which often included in Shanghai Metro maps but not considered part of the system.
  24. ↑ As of 28 December 2022, there are 373 stations if the 56 interchange stations (48 2-line, 6 3-line, 2 4-line) (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted multiple times, while there are 307 stations if they are counted as one station.
  25. ↑ There are 262 stations if the 35 (32 2-line, 3 3-line) interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted as one station. There are 300 stations if all stations on all lines are counted multiple times for each line.
  26. ↑ Extension of Line A from Itagüí south to La Estrella.
  27. ↑ Line A was extended in April 2015.
  28. ↑ Opening of the Länsimetro extension on 3 December 2022.
  29. ↑ Opening of Toulouse Metro Line B.
  30. ↑ Opening of State University Station on Saburtalo Line.
  31. ↑ The U3 extension from Olympia-Einkaufszentrum (OEZ) to Moosach.
  32. ↑ The Blue Line (Line 3) also has a 20.7 km (12.9 mi) section (with 4 stations) to the airport that is owned by the Hellenic Railways Organisation and is mainly used by the suburban railway system.[184][185]
  33. ↑ The Green Line (Line 1), operated until 2011 by Athens–Piraeus Electric Railways, was opened in 1869 as a steam train railway line. It was electrified in 1904, extended with underground sections through the city in 1948, and extended to its full length to Kifissia in 1957 using the right-of-way of a former metre gauge suburban line. Full metro operation since 1904 between Piraeus and Athens and 1957 to Kifissia. In 2011, it was integrated with Athens Metro under the company STASY S.A.[184]
  34. ↑ The network consists of 256 stations if transfer stations are counted more than once. If transfer stations are counted only once, the result will be 231 stations. Ashok Park Main station, where the two diverging branches of Green Line share tracks/platforms, is anyway counted as a single station. Stations of Noida Metro and Gurgaon Metro are not counted. If they were counted, then there would be 288 total stations.[205][206]
  35. ↑ The lengths of the Noida Metro and Gurgaon Metro are not counted with the Delhi Metro. If they were counted, the total length of the three systems would be 392.44 km (243.85 mi).
  36. ↑ Adelabad station opened
  37. ↑ Opening of metro-standards Line 2.
  38. ↑ Opening of RajaeeiShahr station.
  39. 1 2 The 43 km (27 mi) Line 1 of Karaj Metro (part of line 5 of Tehran metro) is a commuter rail line, and so is not included in the statistics here. If Line 1 is included, there would be 10 stations.
  40. ↑ Opening of metro-standards Line 2.
  41. 1 2 There are 162 stations if interchange stations are counted once, and 191 stations if they are counted multiple times. The 109.5 km (68.0 mi) Line 5 of the Tehran Metro is a commuter rail line, and so is not included in the statistics here – only metro Lines 1–4 and 6–7 are. If Line 5 is included, the total length of the system would be 279.1 km (173.4 mi), and there would be 162 unique stations, and 191 total stations.
  42. ↑ Opening of Cibali station in July
  43. ↑ As of July 2023, the number is 121 if the 8 interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted multiple times, once for each line, while it is 113 if they are combined.[251][252]
  44. ↑ Lines 1, 6, and Naples-Aversa railway only, not line 2, which is commuter rail.
  45. ↑ Opening of Duomo station in August
  46. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 In general, the majority of urban rail service in Japanese metropolitan areas is provided by systems not included in this list. For a complete list of urban rail systems in Japan, see List of urban rail systems in Japan.
  47. ↑ As of October 2018, the number is 106 if the 7 interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted multiple times, once for each line, while it is 99 if they are combined; Higashi-nihombashi station and Bakuro-yokoyama station, where an out-of-system transfer between Asakusa Line and Shinjuku Line is possible, are anyway counted as two stations.[273][274][275]
  48. ↑ Yŏnggwang and Puhŭng opened in 1987.
  49. ↑ Line 1
  50. ↑ Daegu Metro Line 3 opened in 2015.
  51. ↑ Second phase of line 1
  52. ↑ Line 1 fully opened
  53. ↑ The Seoul Subway Lines 1-9 and Seoul Light Rapid Transit is actually operated by several different operators – Seoul Metro and Seoul Metro Line 9 Corporation (SLM9), plus through-operation services from Korail – but because all of these lines are owned by the City Government of Seoul, here in the table they are counted together as one system.
  54. 1 2 3 Seoul's Metropolitan Subway system can also be viewed as a comprehensive metro network made up of multiple owned/operated metro systems. If viewed as such, the combined route length of Seoul's comprehensive metro-standards network would be 564.2 km (350.6 mi).
  55. ↑ Includes Korail portions of Seoul Subway Line 1, Seoul Subway Line 3 (Ilsan Line: 19.2 km, 10 stations) and Seoul Subway Line 4 (Gwacheon, Ansan, Jinjeop Lines: 55.3 km, 27 stations), and the Suin–Bundang Line (108.1 km, 63 stations in part shared with the Ansan Line).
  56. ↑ Seoul Metro Line 1 began through-operations with Korail from the first day of operation, thus this year is the same as the year above.
  57. ↑ Although the latest extension of Korail-operated Line 1 was in 2023, it is debatable whether this section should be considered a metro. The same applies to several extensions prior. Thus, no true "last extended" date exists.
  58. ↑ Statistics presented include rapid transit lines only: Ampang Line, Sri Petaling Line, Kelana Jaya Line Kajang Line, Putrajaya line and KL Monorail .KLIA Ekspres and KLIA Transit Line are not included.
  59. ↑ The number is 138 if interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted as one, or 149 if stations are counted multiple times for each line.
  60. ↑ Line 1 of the SITEUR system has some level crossings (with priority) and can be therefore be considered "light rail" instead of "metro".
  61. ↑ Line 1 was opened in 1989.
  62. ↑ Line 12 opened 2012.
  63. ↑ The number is 163 if interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted as one, or 195 if stations are counted multiple times for each line.[300]
  64. ↑ Note that:
    • "Operación": route length in active revenue and non-revenue service
    • "Servicio": route length in active revenue service
    • "Vuelta": track length in active revenue service
    • "Total": all track length in active revenue, maintenance and non-revenue service
    System length value derived from "RED Servicio" or net route length in active revenue service.
  65. ↑ Some sections of the Rotterdam Metro (portions of Lines A, B, E) have some level crossings (with priority) and so could therefore be considered "light rail" instead of "metro".
  66. 1 2 These systems have similarities to light rail systems, because of the existence of a few road level crossings, but are listed since they are almost entirely separated from roads.
  67. ↑ The first underground portion was opened in 1928, but that was a tram line. One surface line has origins from 1898. System opened as a full Metro in 1966.
  68. ↑ Opening of the Løren station in 2016.
  69. ↑ Combined lengths of the Red, Green, and Gold lines.
  70. ↑ The number of stations is 229 if interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms in a single complex) are counted as one station, or 294 if all stations on all lines are counted multiple times for each line.
  71. ↑ The number is 64 if interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted as one station, or 72 if all stations on all lines are counted multiple times for each line.
  72. ↑ TMB-operated lines L1-L5 and L9-L11 only. FGC-operated lines L6-L8 share track with other FGC commuter lines, and thus do not qualify as metro-standards lines.
  73. ↑ There are 132 stations in the Barcelona Metro if interchange stations are counted once, while there are 163 if they are counted multiple times.
  74. ↑ CTB-owned and "Metro Bilbao S.A."-operated line 1 and Line 2 only.
  75. ↑ Including TFM, MetroSur and other suburban lines, but not the three Metro Ligero de Madrid lines which are light rail.
  76. ↑ The first line, later known as Green Line, was opened by stages during the 1950s, partly converting to metro operations prior rapid tram alignments. These included the oldest tunnel, built in 1933, which name (Tunnelbana) and symbol were bequeathed to the new system.
  77. ↑ The Lausanne Metro has two lines: Line M1 is light rail, while Line M2 is rapid transit. The stats listed are for Line M2 only.
  78. ↑ As of January 2020, the number is 131 if the 12 interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted multiple times, once for each line, while it's 119 if they are combined. Out-of-station transfers at Banqiao and Xinpu - Xinpu Minsheng, which require leaving paid area, are counted as 2 stations each; transfer stations that provide cross-platform interchange are anyway counted as a single stations (four in all: Ximen, CKS Memorial Hall, Guting and Dongmen stations).[351][352]
  79. ↑ Opening of line M4 extension to Kızılay station.
  80. ↑ Extension to Gürsu.
  81. ↑ As of April 2023, the number is 128 if the 9 interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted multiple times, once for each line, while it is 137 if they are combined.[367][368]
  82. ↑ London's Metropolitan Railway first opened for service in 1863, operating steam locomotive trains in cut and cover tunnels. It began operating as a modern metro when electric-propulsion trains began operating on the system's first deep-level tube line in 1890.
  83. ↑ Includes MBTA's rapid transit lines only: Red Line, Orange Line and Blue Line.
  84. ↑ The originally-elevated Orange Line opened in 1901, sharing the Tremont Street Subway that had opened in 1897 as an underground streetcar tunnel (for the light rail Green Line).
  85. ↑ Dated from the opening of "The Loop", when the system became unified and electrified. However, the L first was electrified in 1895, when the Metropolitan West Side Elevated opened. The South Side Main Line opened on June 6th, 1892
  86. ↑ This figure comes from the sum of the following figures from the accompanying reference (i.e. "Facts at a Glance". Chicago Transit Authority. December 2012. Retrieved 21 July 2013.): 35.8 miles of elevated route, 35.0 miles at grade level, 20.6 miles on embankments, and 11.4 miles of subway.
  87. 1 2 Rapid transit B and D lines only. All other L.A. Metro Rail lines are light rail, and are not included here.
  88. ↑ This was the date of the last extension to the B Line in the rapid transit portion of Los Angeles' Metro Rail.
  89. ↑ First regular elevated railway service, originally cable hauled, began in 1868. Elevateds converted to steam power in 1870, electrified by 1903. The first section of electrified subway opened in 1904.
  90. ↑ The number is 423 if interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted as one station, or 472 if all stations on all lines are counted multiple times for each line.[392]
  91. ↑ While the line opened as a railroad in 1860, it was not until 1925 that rapid transit equipment would be operated here.
  92. ↑ The last completely new stations were the current Newark and Harrison stations, which respectively replaced the Park Place and Harrison stations on a different alignment in 1937. According to PATH, its newest station is World Trade Center, which was completed in 2015 but replaced a previous station on the same site.
  93. ↑ Includes SEPTA's rapid transit lines only: Broad Street Line (Orange Line), Market–Frankford Line (Blue Line) and Norristown High Speed Line.
  94. ↑ Opening of the Bridge Line, the precursor rapid transit line to PATCO's, which ran between 8th Street in Philadelphia and Broadway in Camden. The current PATCO Speedline, with service through to Lindenwold, opened in 1969.[403]
  95. ↑ BART's rapid transit lines only; the eBART line to Antioch and the Oakland International Airport (OAK) APM are excluded.
  96. ↑ 47 rapid transit stations, plus three additional stations (two eBART and one AGT) within the system.
  97. ↑ This figure excludes the eBART extension from Pittsburg/Bay Point to Antioch (9.2 miles) and the "BART to Oakland International Airport (OAK) elevated guideway" (3.2 miles).
  98. ↑ Extension of Circle line to Quruvchilar
  99. ↑ Statistics presented here include the Los Teques Metro which functions as effectively a subsidiary and extension of the Caracas Metro.
  100. 1 2 By the end of 2014, Caracas Metro had a length of 54.03 km and 47 stations;[410] further 1.3 km was added with the single-station extension to Bello Monte in the following year.[411] Los Teques Metro contributes to the system's total with 11.9 km in length and four stations.[412]

Ridership notes

  1. ↑ This patronage figure is derived from OPAL trips (i.e. a tap-on/tap-off pair of the same OPAL card, including isolated tap-on or tap-off), non-OPAL ridership, as the users of some concessional cards or integrated tickets for events, is excluded.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 All American Public Transportation Association (APTA) figures are derived from unlinked transit passenger trips (i.e. a transfer between two lines counts as two passenger trips, transferring twice counts as three trips, etc.).
  3. ↑ This ridership figure is the sum of the "Heavy Rail (HR)" and "Intermediate Rail (IR)" figures for Toronto from the APTA Ridership report – in other words, this figure includes ridership on the Line 3 Scarborough (RT) line which APTA considers to be "Intermediate Rail (IR)".
  4. ↑ Counted in with Guangzhou's ridership figures.
  5. ↑ Note that:
    1. the ridership includes "Domestic Service", "Airport Express" and "Cross-boundary";
    2. "Intercity, Light Rail & Bus" and "High Speed Rail (HSR)" are excluded from the counts.
  6. ↑ Figure extrapolated from 3.6 million average daily boardings
  7. ↑ Does not include ridership on the RER/Transilien (941 million in 2021) and the Tramways (266 million).
  8. ↑ This ridership figure is the sum of the two "Μετρό" figures (Γ1 line, or "Ηλεκτρικός", formerly ran by IASA and Γ2 - Γ3 lines, formerly ran by AMEL) from the OAΣA's 2018 Activity Report.
  9. ↑ Figure extrapolated from 50 000 average daily boardings.
  10. ↑ Figure extrapolated from 42 000 average daily boardings
  11. ↑ 56.4 million including 4 Funicular lines
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Compared to European or North American systems, Japanese rapid transit systems are generally neither thought of as metros nor as completely subterranean "subways" complicating whether only using the municipal subway statistic is accurate when comparing with other Metros around the world. As example Tokyo Metro and the Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation's Toei Subway constitute only 22% of the 14.6 billion metropolitan railway ridership in Greater Tokyo (MLIT Yearly Statistics). In addition, when one considers intracity lines of JR East and private railway companies, Greater Tokyo (130 lines) has higher daily ridership than any other metropolitan area in the world with 14.6 billion passengers annually. The Osaka Municipal Subway also has only a minority share of all metropolitan railway ridership in Greater Osaka, constituting only 17.6% of Greater Osaka's 4.745 billion rail passengers annually in 2010. Including the municipal subway systems in both Kobe and Kyoto, the result still only comprises 22% of all rail travel in the Greater Osaka area with 1065.8 million passengers yearly (MLIT Yearly Statistics). For Greater Nagoya, the Nagoya Municipal Subway has only a minority share of all metropolitan railway ridership in Greater Nagoya constituting only 38% of Greater Nagoya's 1.095 billion rail passengers annually in 2010 (MLIT Yearly Statistics). For a complete list of urban rail systems in Japan with ridership statistics, see List of urban rail systems in Japan.
  13. ↑ This ridership figure includes the Busan-Gimhae Light Rail Transit ridership in the total.
  14. ↑ This figure counts only gate-passers, so it only includes Seoul Metro and Seoul Subway Line 9 riders. Other lines that function as separate systems within the greater Seoul urban rail network are excluded.
  15. ↑ Ridership is based on unlinked passenger trips (i.e. a transfer between two lines counts as two trips, transferring between three lines counts as three trips, etc.).
  16. ↑ This ridership figure is the sum of the total annual trips (수송인원, boarding and transfer passengers) on the two sections (Phase 1 and Phase 2) of the line, from the accompanying reference.
  17. ↑ This figure includes in full the ridership on Amstelveen Line until March 2019, when route 51 was curtailed at Zuid Station.
  18. ↑ This figure is the sum of the passenger ridership on the two LRTA lines, L1 and L2, from the accompanying reference; it is based on unlinked passenger trips (i.e. a transfer between two lines counts as two trips, etc.).
  19. ↑ Figure extrapolated from 2,745,000 average daily ridership.
  20. ↑ Figure extrapolated from 1 265 900 average daily boardings.
  21. ↑ Ridership figure is for rapid transit Line M2 only; ridership on the light rail M1 line is excluded.
  22. ↑ Does not include ridership on the separate Docklands Light Railway (39.9 million), London Overground (53.8 million), Tramlink or National Rail systems within Greater London.
  23. ↑ L.A. Metro's heavy rail lines, B and D lines, only.
  24. ↑ Excluding Shaoxing, Taiyuan, and Luoyang systems, which had no data.
  25. ↑ Excluding Kanpur and Pune systems which had no data.
  26. ↑ Excluding Isfahan, Karaj and Tabriz systems which had no data.
  27. ↑ Excluding Guadalajara system which had no data.
  28. ↑ Lausanne Métro Line M1 (with 28 stations), is considered light rail
  29. ↑ Excluding Taichung system which had no data.
  30. ↑ Excluding Adana and Bursa systems which had very old data.
  31. ↑ Excluding Guadalajara system which had no data.
  32. ↑ Lausanne Métro Line M1 (with 28 stations), is considered light rail
  33. ↑ Excluding Adana and Bursa systems which had very old data.
  34. ↑ Excluding Shaoxing, Taiyuan, and Luoyang systems, which had no data.
  35. ↑ Excluding Kanpur and Pune systems which had no data.
  36. ↑ Excluding Isfahan, Karaj and Tabriz systems which had no data.
  37. ↑ Excluding Taichung system which had no data.

References

System references

  1. 1 2 3 "Woohoo! The Northern Line Extension Opens On 20 September". Londonist. 3 September 2021. Retrieved 3 September 2021.
  2. ↑ "The Metro: an opportunity for sustainable development in large cities" (PDF). Union Internationale des Transports Publics (UITP) (International Association of Public Transport). November 2003. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 16 June 2014.
  3. ↑ Chen, Huizhi (26 December 2020). "Shanghai adds 7,000th train to Metro fleet". shine.cn. Shanghai Daily. Retrieved 26 December 2020.
  4. ↑ "What is the largest metro system in the world?". CityMetric. 5 September 2015. Archived from the original on 6 September 2015. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
  5. ↑ "Beijing subway trips top 10 million a day: official". ecns.cn. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
  6. 1 2 "Recommended basic reference for developing a minimum set of standards for voluntary use in the field of urban rail, according to mandate M/486" (PDF). UITP (L'Union internationale des transports publics/International Association of Public Transport). 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 15 February 2014.
  7. ↑ Schwandl, Robert (2007). "What is a metro?". UrbanRail.net. Retrieved 14 January 2008.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 "Fact Book Glossary – Mode of Service Definitions". American Public Transportation Association. Retrieved 12 November 2013.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 "National Transit Database Glossary". U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Transit Administration. 18 October 2013. Archived from the original on 13 November 2013. Retrieved 12 November 2013.
  10. ↑ Balcombe, R., ed. (2004). "The demand for public transport: a practical guide" (PDF). Transport Research Laboratory. p. 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 July 2018. Retrieved 27 March 2008.
  11. ↑ "Algiers metro dual extensions enter service". RATP Dev. 2 May 2018. Retrieved 17 September 2018.
  12. 1 2 "Métro d'Alger: une grande part des études de réalisation des futures extensions livrées" [Algiers Metro: many of the feasibility studies of the future extensions delivered] (in French). Algérie Presse Service. 13 November 2018. Retrieved 17 November 2018.
  13. ↑ "Alger metro extensions open". Metro Report International. DVV Media International Ltd. 17 April 2018. Retrieved 6 October 2019.
  14. ↑ Barreiro, Ricardo (2015). 100 años bajo Buenos Aires – Historia de la Línea A [100 years under Buenos Aires – History of Line A] (in Spanish). Editorial Dunken. pp. 16, 30–31. ISBN 978-987-02-8141-2.
  15. ↑ Solsona, Justo; Hunter, Carlos (December 1990). "El proyecto "subterraneo" de la Avenida de Mayo". La Avenida de Mayo: un proyecto inconcluso [Avenida de Mayo: an unfinished project] (in Spanish). Nobuko S.A. p. 254. ISBN 950-9575-34-8. Retrieved 24 December 2020.
  16. ↑ "Inauguramos las estaciones Correo Central, Catalinas y Retiro de la Línea E". Buenos Aires Ciudad - Gobierno de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (in Spanish). Retrieved 16 June 2019.
  17. 1 2 "Próximamente tres nuevas estaciones en la Línea E". Buenos Aires Ciudad - Gobierno de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (in Spanish). Retrieved 16 June 2019.
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Ridership references

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  2. ↑ "Por la pandemia, la cantidad de pasajeros del Subte cayó un 77% en 2020". 8 February 2021.
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  12. ↑ This ridership figure is the sum of those quoted for the two metro lines: via GOAPO (Gerência Operacional de Apoio) – Demanda de usuários transportados Archived 27 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine
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  14. ↑ This annual ridership figure is the difference of those quoted as the system's overall ridership from the start of operations in June 2014:
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    This ridership figure includes the ViaQuatro Line 4 and Via Mobilidade Line 5 ridership in the total.

  16. ↑ Ilkova, A., ed. (9 June 2021). "Statistical Yearbook 2020" (PDF). www.nsi.bg. National Statistical Institute. p. 348. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
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    This ridership figure is the sum of those quoted for the rapid transit lines

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  42. ↑ "BEST Strike Pushes daily metro ridership over 5 lakh for first time". The Times of India. 15 January 2019.
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  45. ↑ "کدام شهرهای کشور مترو دارند؟ (Jan 29 2019)". www.isna.ir. 29 January 2019. Retrieved 18 July 2019.
  46. ↑ کارنامه 28ماه متروی تهران.
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  48. ↑ https://catania.mobilita.org/opere/metropolitana-di-catania-storia-e-sviluppi-futuri/
  49. ↑ "La metropolitana più affollata d'Italia, ecco la classifica con tutti i numeri delle principali città". 17 October 2017.
  50. ↑ "Bilancio Consolidato del Gruppo ATM e Bilancio di Esercizio di ATM S.p.A. 2019" (PDF) (in Italian). Azienda Trasporti Milanesi (ATM) SpA. April 2020. p. 32. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  51. ↑ "Carta della Mobilità 2020" (PDF) (in Italian). ANM - Azienda Napoletana Mobilità SpA. pp. 10–11. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
  52. ↑ Filippi, Pier Paolo (25 August 2019). "L'Atac perde passeggeri, via uno su 5 in dieci anni: "Troppi guasti e incendi"" [Atac loses passengers, one in five in ten years: «Too many breakdowns and fires»]. Il Messaggero (in Italian). Caltagirone Editore. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
  53. ↑ Ricca, Jacopo (13 March 2019). "Due minuti e 17 secondi, torna alla normalità la metropolitana di Torino" [Two minutes and 17 seconds, Turin Metro goes back to normal]. la Repubblica (in Italian). GEDI Gruppo Editoriale S.p.A. Retrieved 13 June 2019.
  54. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 令和２年度 地下鉄事業の現況 [FY2020 Current status of subway business] (PDF). Chikatetsu Jigyo No Genkyo (in Japanese). 一般社団法人 日本地下鉄協会 [Japan Subway Association]. October 2020. ISSN 2188-0786. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
  55. ↑ 交通局の予算・決算について [About accounting and budget of Transportation Bureau] (in Japanese). 大阪市営交通局 [Osaka Municipal Transportation Bureau]. Archived from the original on 18 December 2014. Retrieved 6 December 2017.

    Annual ridership figure is calculated from the 2378229 passenger daily average quoted for metro lines (高速鉄道) only.

  56. 1 2 "関東交通広告協議会 各社・各駅・乗降人員・通貨人員・輸送人員（2019年度1日平均）" (PDF). 関東交通広告協議会. October 2020.
  57. ↑ 令和元年度決算の概要 [Summary of FY2019 financial results] (PDF). www.twr.co.jp (in Japanese). Tokyo Waterfront Area Rapid Transit .Inc. 12 June 2020. p. 1. Retrieved 24 November 2020.

    Annual ridership figure is calculated from the 259468 passenger daily average quoted.

  58. ↑ Michael Rohde. "Pyongyang – metrobits.org". Mic-ro.com. Retrieved 14 October 2010.
  59. ↑ 도시철도 통계/현황 [Urban railway statistics/status]. www2.humetro.busan.kr (in Korean). Retrieved 15 January 2024.
  60. 1 2 3 연도별 도시철도 수송실적 [Urban railway yearly transportation performance]. www.index.go.kr (in Korean). 1 September 2020. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
  61. ↑ "Seoul Metropolitan Subway Transportation Statistics" (in Korean). City of Seoul. 14 July 2020. Retrieved 1 September 2020. (You can select English from the language dropdown that reads "한국어")
  62. ↑ 2019 Statistical Yearbook of Railroad (Report) (in Korean). Vol. II 지역간철도 [Urban railway] (57 ed.). Korea Railroad corp. (KORAIL). 31 August 2020. pp. 534–535. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 October 2021. Retrieved 1 September 2020.
  63. ↑ "Prasarana's Ridership". Prasarana Malaysia Berhad. 2023. Archived from the original on 9 September 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2023.

    This ridership figure is the sum of those quoted for the rapid transit lines

  64. ↑ "Instituto de Información, Estadística y Geografía de Jalisco > Usuarios en el Sistema de Transporte Urbano de Pasajeros de Guadalajara > Enero a diciembre de 2021" (in Spanish). Instituto de Información, Estadística y Geografía de Jalisco (IIEG). 16 February 2022. Retrieved 28 November 2022.

    The ridership figure includes system-wide ridership.

  65. ↑ "Afluencia de estación por línea". Gobierno de la Ciudad de México, Sistema de Transporte Colectivo (in Spanish). Metro CDMX. Retrieved 22 June 2023.
  66. ↑ "Banco de Información Económica – Comunicaciones y transportes > Principales características del sistema de transporte colectivo Metrorrey > Pasajeros transportados" (in Spanish). Instituto Nacional De Estadística Y Geografía (INEGI). 15 February 2021. Retrieved 22 February 2021.

    This ridership figure is derived from the sum of the twelve monthly subtotals for 2020

  67. ↑ "Jaarverslag 2019" [2019 Annual Report] (PDF) (in Dutch). GVB Holding NV. p. 42. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
  68. ↑ "Nog meer metro's in spits op Randstadrail" [Even more metro trains in rush hour on Randstadrail]. RTV Rijnmond (in Dutch). 30 March 2020. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
  69. ↑ "Nøkkeltall" [Key figures] (in Norwegian). Ruter As. March 2021. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
  70. ↑ "Orange Line Metro Train marks its 1st anniversary with a milestone of 20 million riders". Daily Pakistan. 25 October 2021. Retrieved 26 January 2022.
  71. ↑ "Demanda Mensual Red de Metro" [Monthly Demand for the Metro Network] (in Spanish). El Metro de Panamá, S.A. January 2021. Retrieved 22 February 2021.

    This ridership figure is derived from the sum of the twelve monthly subtotals for 2020

  72. ↑ "Pasajeros Transportados en la Línea 1" (in Spanish). Autoridad Autónoma del Sistema Eléctrico de Transporte. Retrieved 7 September 2019.
  73. ↑ "2019 Annual Report" (PDF). www.lrta.gov.ph. Light Rail Transit Authority (LRTA). August 2020. p. 43. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 February 2021. Retrieved 19 December 2020.
  74. ↑ Balinbin, Arjay L. (24 January 2020). "MRT-3 ticket sales, rider count further fall as repairs continue". BusinessWorld. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
  75. ↑ "Raport Roczny 2019" [Annual report 2019] (PDF). Metro Warszawskie Sp. z o.o. 2020. p. 13. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 November 2021. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
  76. ↑ "Metro em números" [Metro in numbers] (in Portuguese). Metropolitano de Lisboa E.P.E. Archived from the original on 28 August 2020. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  77. ↑ "Activity Report 2019" (PDF). Metrorex S.A. p. 36. Retrieved 19 December 2020.
  78. ↑ Land Transport Authority (12 March 2021). "Public Transport Operation And Ridership". SingStat Table Builder. Singapore Department of Statistics. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
  79. ↑ "Basic data 2022" (PDF). Transports Metropolitans de Barcelona (TMB). Retrieved 13 July 2023.
  80. ↑ "Metro in figures › Demand". Metro Bilbao S.A. Retrieved 1 July 2023.
  81. ↑ "Evolución de la demanda - Informe 2022" (PDF) (in European Spanish). Metro de Madrid. 2022. Retrieved 13 June 2023.
  82. ↑ p.67
  83. ↑ "Rapport d'activité 2019" [2019 activity report] (PDF) (in French). Transports publics de la région lausannoise (tl). May 2020. p. 23. Retrieved 27 June 2020.
  84. ↑ 統計資料 高雄捷運 [Statistics – Kaohsiung MRT] (in Chinese). Kaohsiung Rapid Transit Corp. 8 January 2020. Retrieved 10 February 2020.

    This ridership figure is derived from the sum of the twelve monthly subtotals for 2019

  85. ↑ "Ridership Counts". Taipei Rapid Transit Corporation. 15 August 2021. Retrieved 14 September 2021.

    This ridership figure is derived from the sum of the twelve monthly subtotals for 2020.

  86. ↑ 統計資料 [Statistics] (in Chinese). Taoyuan Metro Corporation. 17 January 2020. Retrieved 22 January 2020.

    This ridership figure is derived from the sum of the twelve monthly subtotals for 2019

  87. 1 2 Department of Rail Transport (5 January 2024), ปริมาณผู้ใช้บริการรถไฟโดยสารประเทศไทย พ.ศ. 2566 (Facebook post) (in Thai), retrieved 12 January 2024
  88. ↑ "Loading..." www.rayturk.net. Archived from the original on 31 December 2018. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  89. ↑ Yilmaz, Murat (17 February 2021). "Toplu taşımada salgın etkisi" [Epidemic effect in public transport]. Ankara Haberleri [Ankara News]. Hürriyet (in Turkish). Demirören Group. Retrieved 22 February 2021.
  90. ↑ Bursa Büyükşehir Belediyesi Basın Koordinasyon Merkezi. "ÜnıversıteEtabinda Seferler Başliyor". bursa.bel.tr. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 8 July 2014.
  91. ↑ "Istanbul Metro Passenger Statistics". www.metro.istanbul (in Turkish). Retrieved 9 April 2023.
  92. ↑ "İzmir'de metro ve tramvay 2019'da 140 milyon yolcu taşıdı" [Metro and tram in İzmir carried 140 million passengers in 2019]. www.izmir.bel.tr (in Turkish). İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi [İzmir Metropolitan Municipality]. 10 January 2020. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  93. ↑ Кількість перевезених пасажирів за видами транспорту [Number of passengers carried by transport mode] (PDF). www.dneprstat.gov.ua (in Ukrainian). Державна служба статистики України [State statistic service of Ukraine]. 2021. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
  94. ↑ Кількість перевезених пасажирів за видами транспорту [Number of passengers carried by transport mode]. kh.ukrstat.gov.ua (in Ukrainian). Державна служба статистики України [State statistic service of Ukraine]. Archived from the original on 4 April 2020. Retrieved 14 September 2021. (You can select English from the language dropdown)
  95. ↑ Кількість перевезених пасажирів за видами транспорту [Number of passengers carried by transport mode]. kyiv.ukrstat.gov.ua (in Ukrainian). Державна служба статистики України [State statistic service of Ukraine]. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
  96. ↑ "Over 340 million riders used mass transit means, shared transport, taxis in 2020 despite COVID-19 challenges". Emirates News Agency (WAM). 17 February 2021. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  97. 1 2 3 Department for Transport (5 September 2023), Light rail and tram statistics (LRT), archived from the original on 29 September 2023, retrieved 12 January 2024
  98. ↑ Transport for London (4 February 2023). "Public Transport Journeys by Type of Transport". London Datastore. Retrieved 22 March 2023.
  99. ↑ Office of Rail and Road (19 December 2023), Passenger rail usage, archived from the original on 21 December 2023, retrieved 12 January 2024
  100. ↑ "Metro de Caracas". Archived from the original on 29 September 2021. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
  101. ↑ Đinh, Luyện (9 January 2024). "Đường sắt đô thị Cát Linh - Hà Đông vận chuyển được 10,7 triệu lượt khách". Lao động thủ đô. Archived from the original on 11 January 2024. Retrieved 11 January 2024.
  102. ↑ Bích Phương (9 January 2024). "Hà Nội đặt mục tiêu kiềm chế, kéo giảm tai nạn giao thông năm 2024". Vietnam Government Portal. Archived from the original on 11 January 2024. Retrieved 11 January 2024.

Under construction system references

  1. ↑ "China Harbour Engineering begins work on US$4 billion Bogota metro". www.theasset.com.
  2. ↑ "Construction of Thessaloniki Metro". Attiko Metro SA. 3 July 2013. Archived from the original on 27 August 2013. Retrieved 21 August 2013.
  3. ↑ "Τον Απρίλιο του 2023 έτοιμο το Μετρό Θεσσαλονίκης | Η ΚΑΘΗΜΕΡΙΝΗ". www.kathimerini.gr. 3 December 2019.
  4. ↑ "Agra Metro services to be operational by early 2024, check list of stations in 6 km priority corridor". DNA. 7 February 2023. Retrieved 28 June 2023.
  5. ↑ https://www.metrorailnews.in/good-news-indore-metro-flagged-off-commercial-operations-to-begin-soon/
  6. ↑ https://www.business-standard.com/india-news/commercial-operations-of-indore-metro-rail-to-begin-in-next-five-month-123100201154_1.html
  7. ↑ "نمی‌توان پیش‌بینی کرد متروی اهواز کی افتتاح می‌شود". ایسنا (in Persian). 25 June 2019. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  8. ↑ "Untitled Page". www7.irna.ir. Archived from the original on 3 June 2017. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
  9. ↑ "Qom's mayor announced completion of 1st phase of metro by early next year". Qom news. 9 December 2020. Retrieved 2 February 2021.
  10. ↑ "Ivory Coast launches construction of metro project". www.africanews.com. 20 December 2022. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
  11. ↑ "Johor Bahru – Singapore Rapid Transit System Link". lta.gov.sg. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
  12. ↑ "Construction of the Krasnoyarsk metro has started". akm.ru. 25 May 2023. Retrieved 2 November 2023.
  13. 1 2 "Groundbreaking ceremony launches construction of Riyadh metro". Railway Gazette International. DVV Media Group Ltd. 4 April 2014. Retrieved 11 January 2015.
  14. ↑ "Riyadh Metro testing progresses with first lines on course to open in 2021". 10 December 2020.
  15. ↑ "Belgrade opens 60 mln euro metro project supervision tender". Seenews.com. 21 December 2021. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
  16. ↑ https://www.politika.rs/sr/clanak/485825/Beograd/Depo-za-metro-na-Bezanijskoj-kosi
  17. ↑ "Metro için ilk kazma vuruldu". 14 May 2020.
  18. ↑ "Sino-Turkish consortium to build Konya metro".
  19. ↑ "Mersin'e Metro Geliyor". Archived from the original on 3 January 2022. Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  20. 1 2 "Ho Chi Minh City selects underground contractors". Railway Gazette International. 26 July 2014. Archived from the original on 12 January 2015. Retrieved 11 January 2015.
  21. ↑ Hosomi, Akira (20 April 2012). "Vietnam's first metro projects take shape". International Railway Journal. Retrieved 11 January 2015.
  22. ↑ "Completion of first HCMC metro line delayed again". VnExpress.

Sources

Bibliography

  • Vuchic, Vukan R. (2007). Urban Transit Systems and Technology. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-75823-5.
  • Ovenden, Mark (2005). Metro Maps Of The World. Capital Transport. ISBN 1-85414-288-7.
  • Hinkel, W.; Treiber, K.; Valenta, G.; Liebsch, H. (2004). Underground Railways Yesterday – Today – Tomorrow. Schmid Verlag. ISBN 3-900607-44-3.
  • Fischler, Stan (2000). Subways Of The World. MBI. ISBN 0-7603-0752-0.
  • Garbutt, Paul (1997). World Metro Systems. Capital Transport. ISBN 1-85414-191-0.

Online resources

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