The demographics of Toronto, Ontario, Canada make Toronto one of the most multicultural and multiracial cities in the world. In 2021, 57.0 percent of the residents of the metropolitan area belonged to a visible minority group, compared with 51.4 percent in 2016, and 13.6 percent in 1981.[1][2][3][4] Toronto also has established ethnic neighbourhoods such as the multiple Chinatowns, Corso Italia, Little Italy, Little India, Greektown, Koreatown, Little Tokyo, Little Jamaica, Little Portugal, Little Malta, Roncesvalles (Polish), Bloor West Village (Ukrainian), which celebrate the city's multiculturalism.[5] Data from the suburban municipalities are also included for some metrics as most of these municipalities are part of the Toronto CMA (not to be confused with the Greater Toronto Area).

Population

Toronto population by year, within present boundaries
Land Area 630.18 km2 1,829.05 km2 5,903.63 km2 7,124.74 km2 8,241.95 km2 10,105.03 km2 31,570.24 km2
Year City Urban CMA GTA GTHA GH GGH
1834 9,252[6] — — — — — —
1861 65,085[6] — 193,844[6] — — — —
1901 238,080[6] — 440,000[6] — — — —
1931 856,955 — 810,000[7] — — — —
1941 951,549 — 900,000[7] — — — —
1951 1,176,622 — 1,262,000[7] — — — —
1961 1,824,481 — 1,919,000[7] — — — —
1971 2,089,729[8] — 2,628,045[9] — — — —
1976 2,124,291[8] — 2,803,101[9] — — — —
1981 2,137,395[8] — 2,998,947[9] — — — —
1986 2,192,721[10] — 3,427,170[9] 3,733,085[10] — — —
1991 2,275,771[10] — 3,893,933[11] 4,235,756[10] — — —
1996 2,385,421[12] — 4,263,759[12] 4,628,883[13] 5,096,682[14] 5,500,186[14] 6,935,499[14]
2001 2,481,494[15] 4,375,899[16] 4,682,897[15] 5,081,826[13] 5,572,104[14] 5,982,678[14] 7,532,246[14]
2006 2,503,281[15] 4,732,361[17] 5,113,149[15] 5,555,912[18] 6,060,471 6,487,892 8,164,593
2011 2,615,060[19] 5,132,794[17] 5,583,064[19] 6,054,191[20] 6,574,140[20] 7,005,486[20] 8,759,312[20]
2016 2,731,571[21] 5,429,524[22] 5,928,040[23] 6,417,516[24] 6,954,433 7,402,321 9,245,438
2021 2,794,356[25] 5,647,656 6,202,225 6,712,341 7,281,694 7,759,635 9,765,188
For population figures for Toronto within its pre-1998 city limits, see Old Toronto.

The last complete census by Statistics Canada, which was taken in 2021, estimated there were 2,794,356 living in Toronto,[25] making it the most populous city in Canada[26] and the fourth most populous municipality in North America.[27]

Toronto's population grew by 2.3 percent from 2016 to 2021, with an annual growth rate of 0.46 percent.

2011 Census population data for the City of Toronto are found readily aggregated at a finer level than the city as a whole at i. the electoral district (riding) level (2003 redistribution)[28] and ii. the neighbourhood level.[29] The three ridings with the largest increase in population between 2006 and 2011 in the City of Toronto have been

  • Trinity-Spadina (25.5%),
  • Etobicoke-Lakeshore (7.3%), and
  • Toronto Centre (7.3%).

Age structure

As of 2016 census[30]

Age Groups Total Male Female
0 to 14 years398,135204,190193,933
0 to 4 years136,00069,89566,105
5 to 9 years135,02569,34565,680
10 to 14 years127,10564,94062,165
15 to 64 years1,906,495925,070981,420
15 to 19 years145,52574,24071,280
20 to 24 years194,75097,41597,330
25 to 29 years232,945113,905119,035
30 to 34 years224,580108,895115,680
35 to 39 years196,31094,065102,240
40 to 44 years182,39086,53595,860
45 to 49 years190,92590,860100,065
50 to 54 years202,40598,735103,670
55 to 59 years182,80588,14594,655
60 to 64 years153,86572,26581,600
65 to 85 years426,945184,325242,615
65 to 69 years130,54060,36070,185
70 to 74 years93,60042,31551,285
75 to 79 years76,16032,73043,430
80 to 84 years60,63025,67034,965
85 years and over66,00523,24542,750
85 to 89 years40,80015,66525,135
90 to 94 years19,6806,18013,500
95 to 99 years4,7501,2753,470
100 years and over770120650
Historical Populations[31]
YearPop.±%
18349,252—    
186165,085+603.5%
1901238,080+265.8%
1911381,383+60.2%
1921521,893+36.8%
1931856,955+64.2%
1941951,549+11.0%
19511,176,622+23.7%
19611,824,481+55.1%
19712,089,729+14.5%
19762,124,291+1.7%
19812,137,395+0.6%
19862,192,721+2.6%
19912,275,771+3.8%
19962,385,421+4.8%
20012,481,494+4.0%
20062,503,281+0.9%
20112,615,060+4.5%
20162,731,571+4.5%
20212,794,356+2.3%

Ethnic diversity

City of Toronto

Pie chart of the population group breakdown of Toronto from the 2021 census.[32]

  European (43.5%)
  South Asian (14.0%)
  Chinese (10.7%)
  Black (9.6%)
  Filipino (6.2%)
  Latin American (3.3%)
  West Asian (2.5%)
  Southeast Asian (2.0%)
  Korean (1.5%)
  Arab (1.5%)
  Aboriginal (0.8%)
  Japanese (0.5%)
  Multiple visible minorities (2.3%)
  Visible minority not included elsewhere (1.5%)

The 2021 Census indicates that 55.7 percent of Toronto's population is composed of visible minorities, compared with 51.5 percent in 2016.[32][33] According to the 2021 Canadian census, 1,537,285, or approximately 10.7 percent of Canada's visible minority population, live in the city of Toronto; of this, roughly 67 percent are of Asian ancestry. Approximately 34.81% of the city's population, or 961,325 individuals in The City of Toronto are Asian Canadians as of 2021.[32] Annually, almost half of all immigrants to Canada settle in the Greater Toronto Area. A study released by the Toronto District School Board (TDSB) in December 2012 found that 66 percent of students ages 4 through 18 came from visible minorities, with over 61% of students in 2012 identifying as Asian. East Asians made up the largest ethnic group (33 percent), with South Asians (28 percent) coming in second of the city of Toronto's overall population. 46,315 Aboriginals live in Toronto.[34] There is a Hungarian Roma community in Toronto. Many Romani refugees live in Toronto.[35] 61,000 Mexicans live in Toronto.[36]

Panethnic groups in the City of Toronto (2001−2021)
Panethnic
group		 2021[32] 2016[33] 2011[37] 2006[38] 2001[39]
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
European[lower-alpha 1] 1,201,075 43.5% 1,282,750 47.66% 1,292,365 50.17% 1,300,330 52.51% 1,394,310 56.75%
South Asian 385,440 13.96% 338,965 12.59% 317,100 12.31% 298,370 12.05% 253,920 10.34%
East Asian[lower-alpha 2] 351,625 12.73% 354,510 13.17% 327,930 12.73% 329,260 13.3% 301,060 12.25%
Black 265,005 9.6% 239,850 8.91% 218,160 8.47% 208,555 8.42% 204,075 8.31%
Southeast Asian[lower-alpha 3] 224,260 8.12% 194,360 7.22% 179,270 6.96% 140,050 5.66% 120,330 4.9%
Middle Eastern[lower-alpha 4] 111,360 4.03% 96,355 3.58% 79,155 3.07% 65,240 2.63% 59,560 2.42%
Latin American 92,455 3.35% 77,160 2.87% 71,205 2.76% 64,855 2.62% 54,350 2.21%
Indigenous 22,925 0.83% 23,065 0.86% 19,265 0.75% 13,605 0.55% 11,370 0.46%
Other/Multiracial[lower-alpha 5] 107,135 3.88% 84,650 3.14% 71,590 2.78% 56,295 2.27% 57,840 2.35%
Total: Visible minority 1,537,280 55.7% 1,385,850 51.5% 1,264,410 49.1% 1,162,625 47% 1,062,505 42.8%
Total responses 2,761,285 98.82% 2,691,665 98.54% 2,576,025 98.51% 2,476,565 98.93% 2,456,805 99.01%
Total population 2,794,356 100% 2,731,571 100% 2,615,060 100% 2,503,281 100% 2,481,494 100%
Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses

Change between 2011 and 2016:

Increase:

  • Filipino: +20,270 (+0.6%)
  • Black: +21,690 (+0.4%)
  • Chinese: +21,070 (+0.3%)
  • South Asian: +21,865 (+0.3%)
  • Multiple visible minorities: +9,755 (+0.3%)
  • Arab: +7,110 (+0.2%)
  • Latin American: +5,955 (+0.1%)
  • Korean: +4,415 (+0.1%)
  • Aboriginal: +3,800 (+0.2%)
  • Visible minority, n.i.e.: 3,305 (+0.1%)
  • Japanese: +1,095 (-)

Decrease:

  • White: -9,615 (-2.5%)
  • Southeast Asian: -5,180 (-0.3%)

The most prevalent ethnic origins in the City of Toronto are as follows:

Top 20 Ethnic origins in the City of TorontoPopulation (2016)[40]Percentage Riding with Highest Concentration Percentage
China Chinese332,83012.5 Scarborough—Agincourt 47.0
England English331,89012.3 Beaches—East York 24.2
Canada Canadian323,17512.0 Beaches-East York 19.7
Republic of Ireland Irish262,9659.8 Parkdale—High Park 20.0
Scotland Scottish256,2509.5 Beaches—East York 18.9
India East Indian202,6757.5 Etobicoke North 22.2
Italy Italian182,4956.8 Etobicoke Centre 15.1
Philippines Filipino162,6056.0 York Centre 17.0
Germany German130,9004.9 Parkdale—High Park 9.8
France French122,6154.6 Parkdale—High Park 8.9
Poland Polish114,5304.3 Eglinton—Lawrence 12.0
Portugal Portuguese100,4203.7 Davenport 22.7
Jamaica Jamaican90,0653.3 Humber River—Black Creek 8.5
Russia Russian74,4652.8 York Centre 9.5
Ukraine Ukrainian72,3402.7 Etobicoke Centre 8.1
Sri Lanka Sri Lankan58,1802.2 Scarborough—Rouge Park 11.1
Greece Greek57,4252.1 Toronto—Danforth 7.3
Spain Spanish56,8152.1 < 5.0
United Kingdom British Isles origins (other)52,9002.0 < 5.0
Iran Iranian45,5401.7 Willowdale 12.1
Total population2,691,665100

Community Councils

The top visible-minority groups per Community Council (2016 Census) [41] are as follows:

  • Toronto & East York (847,045): White: 65.3%, Chinese: 8.9%, South Asian: 6.7%, Black: 5.6%
  • North York (638,100): White: 47.4%, Chinese: 14.0%, South Asian: 8.5%, Filipino: 8.0%, West Asian: 5.3%, Black: 5.2%
  • Scarborough (623,135): White: 26.5%, South Asian: 25.4%, Chinese: 19.0%, Black: 10.8%, Filipino: 8.4%
  • Etobicoke York (583,395): White: 48.9%, Black: 15.7%, South Asian: 11.9%, Latin American: 5.6%

The progression of the percentage of visible minorities in the aforementioned Community Councils (pre-1998-amalgamation municipalities or pairs thereof) has been far from uniform:

Community Council 1996 Percent change 2001 Percent change 2006 Percent change 2011 Total percent change

(1996-2011)

Toronto & East York 28.7% +3.9% 32.6% +0.5% 33.1% 0.0% 33.1% +4.4%
Etobicoke York 31.1% +6.0% 37.1% +3.4% 40.5% +2.8% 43.3% +12.2%
North York 39.7% +2.9% 42.6% +5.1% 47.7% +3.5% 51.2% +11.5%
Scarborough 51.9% +8.1% 60.0% +7.4% 67.4% +2.9% 70.3% +18.4%

Ridings

The finest granularity of visible minority data in Toronto readily available by the 2016 Census is that of the federal electoral district (riding; 2013 redistribution). The per-riding data based on the 2003 redistribution was available for the 2001 and 2006 censuses and the 2011 NHS, thus enabling useful comparisons. For instance, visible minorities as a percentage of the population only marginally increased, or even decreased (Toronto-Danforth, Parkdale-High Park, Toronto Centre, and, in the 2006–2011 period, Davenport) in the "Old" Toronto, East York and South Etobicoke ridings, while on the other hand increased significantly in Scarborough and North York. Since the 2016 Census used the then-new 2013 redistribution, such a direct comparison is no longer possible.

Visible Minorities as % of Population (2016 Census) & Top Ethnic Origins
Riding (2013 Redistribution)Percentage Most Populous

Ethnic Origin

 Percentage Top Riding for Ethnic Origin

(Percentage)

 Most Populous

Visible Minority

 Percentage Top Riding for Visible Minority

(Percentage)

Parkdale-High Park26.2 English 22.3 Irish (20.0); German (9.8); French (8.9) Black 5.3
Etobicoke Centre27.1 Italian 15.1 Italian (15.1); Ukrainian (8.1) South Asian 5.9
Etobicoke-Lakeshore27.7 English 17.1 South Asian 5.5
Toronto-St. Paul's28.3 English 18.5 Black 5.1
Eglinton-Lawrence31.8 Canadian 14.7 Polish (12.0) Filipino 10.7
Davenport31.9 Portuguese 22.7 Portuguese (22.7) Black 6.4
University-Rosedale32.7 English 20.6 Chinese 14.0
Toronto-Danforth32.8 English 22.9 Greek (7.3) Chinese 12.3
Beaches-East York33.6 English 24.2 English (24.2); Canadian (19.7); Scottish (18.9) South Asian 10.9
Don Valley West41.5 English 19.2 Pakistani (5.1) South Asian 13.3
Spadina-Fort York42.8 English 16.4 Chinese 14.8
York Centre46.5 Filipino 17.0 Filipino (17.0); Russian (9.5); Jewish (5.6) Filipino 16.5 Filipino (16.5)
Toronto Centre49.7 English 15.7 South Asian 11.8
York South-Weston54.9 Portuguese 14.5 Black 23.2
Scarborough Southwest56.5 Canadian 16.2 Bangladeshi (5.0) South Asian 21.6
Don Valley East58.4 East Indian 10.6 South Asian 17.1
Willowdale66.6 Chinese 25.9 Iranian (12.1); Korean (10.6) Chinese 25.3 West Asian (10.9); Korean (10.3)
Scarborough Centre69.8 Filipino 13.1 South Asian 25.6
Don Valley North70.4 Chinese 32.4 Chinese 31.3
Scarborough-Guildwood71.2 East Indian 18.0 South Asian 33.2 South Asian (33.2)
Scarborough-Rouge Park72.4 East Indian 16.7 Sri Lankan (11.1) South Asian 32.6
Humber River-Black Creek74.1 Italian 12.8 Jamaican (8.5); Vietnamese (8.0) Black 22.8 Latin American (9.5); Southeast Asian (8.9)
Etobicoke North75.7 East Indian 22.2 East Indian (22.2); Somali (5.4) South Asian 28.9 Black (23.4)
Scarborough-Agincourt80.6 Chinese 47.0 Chinese (47.0) Chinese 45.8 Chinese (45.8)
Scarborough North92.2 Chinese 46.6 Chinese 45.0
Visible Minorities as % of Population
Riding (2003 Redistribution)2011 NHS2006 Census2001 Census
Etobicoke-Lakeshore23.820.819.1
Parkdale-High Park25.626.126.8
St. Paul's25.823.322.4
Etobicoke Centre27.525.322.3
Eglinton-Lawrence28.924.721.1
Beaches-East York31.731.329.4
Toronto-Danforth32.733.936.3
Davenport33.033.231.6
Trinity-Spadina37.236.535.3
Toronto Centre40.841.041.3
York Centre41.037.130.9
Don Valley West46.043.139.4
Scarborough Southwest51.448.443.4
York South-Weston54.350.947.6
Don Valley East59.457.053.7
Willowdale63.759.850.8
Scarborough Centre65.061.251.8
Scarborough-Guildwood65.861.054.2
York West72.268.062.8
Etobicoke North72.971.063.2
Scarborough-Agincourt78.876.769.3
Scarborough-Rouge River91.089.784.6

Concentrations of ethnic groups per City of Toronto ridings (2016 Census) are as follows, with the largest proportion of each group in bold. For each of the federal electoral districts in the City of Toronto, the ethnic groups with 5 percent or more of population are shown, in a rough correspondence with community councils and pre-amalgamation municipalities (highest percentage for each ethnic group as well the most populous ethnic group in a riding, if a visible minority – are shown in bold):

TORONTO & EAST YORK

Riding Population Ethnic Group #1 % Ethnic Group #2 % Ethnic Group #3 % Ethnic Group #4 %
Spadina-Fort York 114,315 White 56.3 Chinese 14.8 South Asian 8.3 Black 5.1
Beaches-East York 108,435 White 64.5 South Asian 10.9 Black 6.6 Chinese 5.7
Davenport 107,395 White 66.9 Black 6.4 Chinese 5.9 Latin American 5.4
Parkdale-High Park 106,445 White 72.4 Black 5.3
Toronto-Danforth 105,395 White 65.5 Chinese 12.3 South Asian 5.4 Black 5.0
Toronto-St. Paul's 104,940 White 70.8 Black 5.1
University-Rosedale 100,520 White 66.5 Chinese 14.0
Toronto Centre 99,590 White 48.8 South Asian 11.8 Chinese 11.1 Black 9.1

NORTH YORK

Riding Population Ethnic Group #1 % Ethnic Group #2 % Ethnic Group #3 % Ethnic Group #4 % Ethnic Group #5 % Ethnic Group #6 %
Willowdale 117,405 White 33.1 Chinese 25.3 West Asian 10.9 Korean 10.3 South Asian 5.9 Filipino 5.4
Eglinton-Lawrence 112,925 White 67.7 Filipino 10.7 Black 5.5
Don Valley North 109,060 Chinese 31.3 White 29.4 South Asian 10.2 West Asian 7.6
Humber River-Black Creek 107,725 White 25.4 Black 22.8 Latin American 9.5 Southeast Asian 8.9 Filipino 5.5
York Centre 103,760 White 53.1 Filipino 16.5 Black 7.9 Latin American 5.1
Don Valley West 101,790 White 57.9 South Asian 13.3 Chinese 10.6
Don Valley East 93,170 White 40.9 South Asian 17.1 Black 9.3 Chinese 7.5 Filipino 7.4 West Asian 5.5

SCARBOROUGH

Riding Population Ethnic Group #1 % Ethnic Group #2 % Ethnic Group #3 % Ethnic Group #4 % Ethnic Group #5 %
Scarborough Centre 110,450 White 29.4 South Asian 25.6 Filipino 12.5 Black 9.6 Chinese 9.3
Scarborough Southwest 108,295 White 42.0 South Asian 21.6 Black 11.2 Filipino 9.0 Chinese 5.8
Scarborough-Agincourt 104,225 Chinese 45.8 White 19.1 South Asian 14.0 Black 6.3 Filipino 5.4
Scarborough-Rouge Park 101,445 South Asian 32.6 White 26.8 Black 15.9 Filipino 8.7
Scarborough-Guildwood 101,115 South Asian 33.2 White 27.6 Black 14.3 Filipino 7.9 Chinese 5.4
Scarborough North 97,610 Chinese 45.0 South Asian 26.1 Black 7.6 White 7.6 Filipino 6.4

ETOBICOKE & YORK

Riding Population Ethnic Group #1 % Ethnic Group #2 % Ethnic Group #3 % Ethnic Group #4 % Ethnic Group #5 %
Etobicoke-Lakeshore 127,520 White 71.3 South Asian 5.5 Black 5.0
Etobicoke North 116,960 South Asian 28.9 White 23.8 Black 23.4
Etobicoke Centre 116,055 White 72.3 South Asian 5.9 Black 5.9
York South-Weston 115,130 White 44.2 Black 23.2 Latin American 8.5 Filipino 5.9 South Asian 5.7

For each of the federal electoral districts in the City of Toronto, the ethnic origin groups with 7% of more of population are shown, in a rough correspondence with community councils and pre-amalgamation municipalities (highest % for each ethnic group as well the most populous ethnic group in a riding – if not Canadian or English, which are the most frequent ones - are shown in bold):

TORONTO & EAST YORK

Riding Population Ethnic Origin #1 % Ethnic Origin #2 % Ethnic Origin #3 % Ethnic Origin #4 % Ethnic Origin #5 % Ethnic Origin #6 % Ethnic Origin #7 % Ethnic Origin #8 % Ethnic Origin #9 %
Spadina-Fort York 114,315 English 16.4 Chinese 16.0 Irish 14.6 Canadian 14.0 Scottish 13.2 French 7.7 German 7.6
Beaches-East York 108,435 English 24.2 Irish 19.9 Canadian 19.7 Scottish 18.9 French 8.7 German 8.4
Davenport 107,395 Portuguese 22.7 English 13.6 Canadian 12.8 Irish 11.5 Italian 11.1 Scottish 11.0
Parkdale-High Park 106,445 English 22.3 Irish 20.0 Scottish 18.7 Canadian 16.1 German 9.8 French 8.88 Polish 8.5
Toronto-Danforth 105,395 English 22.9 Irish 19.5 Scottish 18.7 Canadian 18.4 Chinese 13.8 French 8.86 German 8.8 Greek 7.3
Toronto-St. Paul's 104,940 English 18.5 Canadian 16.1 Irish 15.2 Scottish 14.8 Polish 10.3 German 7.9 Russian 7.7 Italian 7.3 French 7.2
University-Rosedale 100,520 English 20.6 Irish 16.6 Scottish 16.3 Canadian 15.2 Chinese 14.7 German 8.7 French 7.7 Italian 7.4
Toronto Centre 99,590 English 15.7 Canadian 13.7 Irish 13.4 Scottish 12.6 Chinese 12.5 French 7.2

NORTH YORK

Riding Population Ethnic Origin #1 % Ethnic Origin #2 % Ethnic Origin #3 % Ethnic Origin #4 % Ethnic Origin #5 % Ethnic Origin #6 % Ethnic Origin #7 % Ethnic Origin #8 %
Willowdale 117,405 Chinese 25.9 Iranian 12.1 Korean 10.6
Eglinton-Lawrence 112,925 Canadian 14.7 English 12.6 Polish 12.0 Filipino 11.0 Scottish 9.7 Italian 9.5 Irish 9.2 Russian 8.4
Don Valley North 109,060 Chinese 32.4 East Indian 7.3 Iranian 7.3
Humber River-Black Creek 107,725 Italian 12.8 East Indian 9.2 Jamaican 8.5 Vietnamese 8.0 Canadian 7.4
York Centre 103,760 Filipino 17.0 Italian 13.4 Russian 9.5 Canadian 8.6
Don Valley West 101,790 English 19.2 Canadian 15.1 Scottish 14.9 Irish 14.2 Chinese 11.2
Don Valley East 93,170 East Indian 10.6 Canadian 10.4 English 10.1 Chinese 8.9 Irish 8.1 Scottish 8.0 Filipino 7.8

SCARBOROUGH

Riding Population Ethnic Origin #1 % Ethnic Origin #2 % Ethnic Origin #3 % Ethnic Origin #4 % Ethnic Origin #5 % Ethnic Origin #6 % Ethnic Origin #7 % Ethnic Origin #8 %
Scarborough Centre 110,450 Filipino 13.1 East Indian 12.2 Canadian 11.2 Chinese 10.7 English 7.8 Sri Lankan 7.0
Scarborough Southwest 108,295 Canadian 16.2 English 14.3 Irish 11.5 Scottish 10.9 Filipino 9.5 East Indian 8.2 Chinese 7.2
Scarborough-Agincourt 104,225 Chinese 47.0 East Indian 7.4
Scarborough-Rouge Park 101,445 East Indian 16.7 Canadian 11.8 Sri Lankan 11.1 English 9.8 Filipino 9.3 Jamaican 8.4 Scottish 7.2 Irish 7.0
Scarborough-Guildwood 101,115 East Indian 18.0 Canadian 11.6 English 9.7 Filipino 8.5 Sri Lankan 7.8 Chinese 7.1 Scottish 7.0
Scarborough North 97,610 Chinese 46.6 East Indian 11.8 Sri Lankan 9.4

ETOBICOKE & YORK

Riding Population Ethnic Origin #1 % Ethnic Origin #2 % Ethnic Origin #3 % Ethnic Origin #4 % Ethnic Origin #5 % Ethnic Origin #6 % Ethnic Origin #7 % Ethnic Origin #8 %
Etobicoke-Lakeshore 127,520 English 17.1 Canadian 15.9 Irish 14.4 Scottish 13.5 Polish 9.2 Italian 9.1 Ukrainian 7.6 German 7.1
Etobicoke North 116,960 East Indian 22.2 Canadian 7.9
Etobicoke Centre 116,055 Italian 15.1 English 14.3 Canadian 12.1 Irish 10.8 Scottish 10.4 Ukrainian 8.1 Polish 7.4
York South-Weston 115,130 Portuguese 14.5 Italian 12.8 Canadian 8.7 Jamaican 8.4

Wards

Top ethnic origin per Toronto ward (as designated by the City of Toronto; 2011 Census data - total responses)

  • English (18): Ward 32 - Beaches-East York (15.2%), Ward 13 - Parkdale-High Park (12.9%), Ward 22 - St. Paul's (12.9%), Ward 36 - Scarborough Southwest (12.8%), [...]
  • Chinese (7): Ward 41 - Scarborough-Rouge Park (52.0%), Ward 39 - Scarborough-Agincourt (49.0%), Ward 24 - Willowdale (27.0%), Ward 40 - Scarborough-Agincourt (22.6%)
  • East Indian (7): Ward 1 - Etobicoke North (23.4%), Ward 42 - Scarborough-Rouge Park (15.9%), Ward 38 - Scarborough Centre (13.1%), Ward 2 - Etobicoke North (11.8%)
  • Italian (4): Ward 9 - York Centre (21.9%), Ward 12 - York South-Weston (15.1%), Ward 7 - York West (14.3%), Ward 4 - Etobicoke Centre (11.8%)
  • Portuguese (2): Ward 17 - Davenport (19.7%), Ward 18 - Davenport (16.4%)
  • Jewish (2): Ward 10 - York Centre (15.0%), Ward 21 - St. Paul's (10.6%)
  • Filipino (2): Ward 15 - Eglinton-Lawrence (10.0%), Ward 35 - Scarborough Southwest (8.7%)
  • Canadian (2): Ward 37 - Scarborough Centre (8.6%), Ward 11 - York South-Weston (7.4%)

Neighbourhoods

Top ethnic origin per Toronto neighbourhood (as designated by the City of Toronto; 2006 Census data - total responses)

  • English (59): Leaside-Bennington (40%), The Beaches (39%), Rosedale-Moore Park (36%), Kingsway South (35%), [...]
  • Chinese (23): Steeles (70%), Milliken (65%), Agincourt North (56%), Agincourt South-Malvern West (47.1%), [...]
  • Italian (15): Maple Leaf (45%), Humber Summit (34.5%), Pelmo Park-Humberlea (34.2%), Yorkdale-Glen Park (33.6%), [...]
  • Indian (15): West Humber-Clairville (33%), Mount Olive-Silverstone-Jamestown (30%), Thorncliffe Park (24%), Woburn (22%), [...]
  • Jewish (10): Forest Hill North (32%), Westminster-Branson (31%), Forest Hill South (29%), Bedford Park-Nortown (28%), [...]
  • Portuguese (9): Little Portugal (38%), Caledonia-Fairbank (37%), Weston-Pellam Park (34%), Keelesdale-Eglinton West (32%), [...]
  • Filipino (3): North St. James Town (17%), Ionview (16%), Kennedy Park (13%)
  • Jamaican (3): Beechborough-Greenbrook (15%), Black Creek (10.0%), Mount Dennis (9.7%)
  • Canadian (2): New Toronto (21%), Alderwood (19%)
  • Greek (1): Broadview North (15%)

The neighbourhoods with the highest percentage of visible minorities (2016 data) are as follows:

  • Milliken: 97% (top ethnic origin: Chinese)
  • Steeles: 91% (top ethnic origin: Chinese)
  • Agincourt North: 91% (top ethnic origin: Chinese)
  • Malvern: 90% (top ethnic origin: East Indian)
  • West Humber-Clairville: 87% (top ethnic origin: East Indian)
  • Mount Olive-Silverstone-Jamestown: 87% (top ethnic origin: East Indian)
  • Agincourt South-Malvern West: 86% (top ethnic origin: Chinese)
  • Black Creek: 81% (top ethnic origin: Vietnamese)
  • Rouge: 81% (top ethnic origin: East Indian)
  • Flemingdon Park: 79% (top ethnic origin: East Indian)
  • Thorncliffe Park: 79% (top ethnic origin: Pakistani)

Those with the lowest percentage of visible minorities (2016 data) are:

  • Kingsway South: 12% (top ethnic origin: English)
  • Markland Wood: 13% (top ethnic origin: English)
  • The Beaches: 14% (top ethnic origin: English)
  • Runnymede-Bloor West Village: 16% (top ethnic origin: English)
  • Casa Loma: 17% (top ethnic origin: English)
  • Forest Hill South: 17% (top ethnic origin: Polish)
  • Lawrence Park South: 17% (top ethnic origin: English)
  • Stonegate-Queensway: 18% (top ethnic origin: English)
  • Leaside-Bennington: 18% (top ethnic origin: English)
  • Rosedale-Moore Park: 18% (top ethnic origin: English)

Toronto CMA

Panethnic groups in Toronto CMA (1981−2021)
Panethnic group 2021[42][1] 2016[2] 2011[43] 2006[44] 2001[45][3] 1996[3][46] 1981[3][46]
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
European[lower-alpha 6] 2,598,670 42.3% 2,804,630 47.84% 2,887,825 52.3% 2,871,430 56.61% 2,915,125 62.72% — — — —
South Asian 1,182,485 19.25% 973,225 16.6% 833,085 15.09% 684,070 13.49% 473,810 10.19% — — — —
East Asian[lower-alpha 2] 774,145 12.6% 721,375 12.3% 612,950 11.1% 560,605 11.05% 469,575 10.1% — — — —
African 488,155 7.95% 442,020 7.54% 397,175 7.19% 352,220 6.94% 310,500 6.68% — — — —
Southeast Asian[lower-alpha 3] 383,480 6.24% 338,010 5.77% 321,065 5.82% 242,195 4.78% 187,240 4.03% — — — —
Middle Eastern[lower-alpha 4] 289,645 4.72% 229,370 3.91% 171,640 3.11% 128,905 2.54% 95,810 2.06% — — — —
Latin American 156,460 2.55% 132,945 2.27% 117,005 2.12% 99,295 1.96% 75,915 1.63% — — — —
Indigenous 44,635 0.73% 46,320 0.79% 36,990 0.67% 26,575 0.52% 20,300 0.44% — — — —
Other/Multiracial[lower-alpha 5] 226,910 3.69% 174,970 2.98% 143,500 2.6% 106,780 2.11% 99,695 2.14% — — — —
Total: Visible minority 3,501,280 57% 3,011,915 51.37% 2,596,420 47.03% 2,174,070 42.86% 1,712,545 36.85% 1,338,095 31.61% 404,790 13.6%
Total responses 6,142,885 99.04% 5,862,855 98.9% 5,521,235 98.89% 5,072,075 99.2% 4,647,955 99.25% — — — —
Total population 6,202,225 100% 5,928,040 100% 5,583,064 100% 5,113,149 100% 4,682,897 100% — — — —
Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses
Visible minority population in the Toronto CMA
Year Pop. %
2021[1] 3,501,275 57%
2016[2] 3,011,905 51.4%
2011[43] 2,596,420 47%
2006[44] 2,174,070 42.9%
2001[3][45] 1,712,530 36.8%
1996[3] 1,338,095 31.6%
1991[3] 997,500 25.8%
1986[3] 586,500 17.3%
1981[3] 404,790 13.6%

The following are the twenty (20) more common ethnic origins in the Toronto CMA:

Top 20 Ethnic Origins in the Toronto
CMA, 2016[47]		Population (2016)Percentage City/Town with

Highest Concentration

 Percentage Riding with

Highest Concentration

 Percentage
Canada Canadian746,96012.7 Georgina 36.3 Simcoe--Grey [New Tecumseth only] 31.7
England English732,55512.5 Uxbridge 40.3 Simcoe--Grey [New Tecumseth only] 33.1
China Chinese700,70512.0 Markham 46.5 Markham--Unionville 65.6
India East Indian643,37011.0 Brampton 33.4 Brampton East 51.4
Republic of Ireland Irish544,3809.3 New Tecumseth 24.8 Simcoe--Grey [New Tecumseth only] 24.8
Scotland Scottish543,7609.3 Uxbridge 26.4 Wellington--Halton Hills [Halton Hills only] 24.1
Italy Italian484,3608.3 King 34.5 Vaughan--Woodbridge 53.5
Philippines Filipino274,6754.7 Toronto 6.0 York Centre 17.0
Germany German271,8154.6 Uxbridge 12.9 Wellington--Halton Hills [Halton Hills only] 10.4
France French247,7904.2 Georgina 10.3 Wellington--Halton Hills [Halton Hills only] 9.4
Poland Polish237,2404.0 Mississauga 6.1 Thornhill 12.6
Portugal Portuguese210,4203.6 Bradford West Gwillimbury 11.8 Davenport 22.7
Jamaica Jamaican200,3353.4 Ajax 9.2 Brampton West 11.3
Ukraine Ukrainian144,3352.4 Oakville 3.6 Etobicoke Centre 8.1
Russia Russian139,9102.4 Vaughan 8.4 Thornhill 16.4
Pakistan Pakistani122,9502.1 Milton 7.2 Milton 7.2
Sri Lanka Sri Lankan114,4002.0 Ajax 4.4 Scarborough-Rouge Park 11.1
United Kingdom British Isles origins (other)107,9001.8 Uxbridge 5.8 < 5.0
Spain Spanish106,6851.8 Oakville 2.0 < 5.0
Greece Greek99,1451.7 Whitchurch-Stoufville 3.8 Toronto-Danforth 7.3
Total population5,862,855100

The top 20 ethnic origins in the Toronto CMA, from 1996 to 2016 are as follows:

Top 20 Ethnic Origins in the Toronto
CMA, 2016[47]		Population %2011[48]Population %2006Population %2001[49]Population %1996[50]Population %
Canada Canadian746,96012.7English777,11014.1English804,10015.9Canadian861,94518.5English891,73521.1
England English732,55512.5Canadian728,74513.2Canadian651,63512.8English783,77016.9Canadian710,75516.8
China Chinese700,70512.0Chinese594,73510.8Scottish561,05011.1Scottish517,11511.1Scottish534,59512.6
India East Indian643,37011.0East Indian572,25010.4Chinese537,06010.6Irish487,21510.4Irish480,98011.4
Republic of Ireland Irish544,3809.3Scottish545,3659.9Irish531,86510.5Chinese435,6859.4Italian414,3109.8
Scotland Scottish543,7609.3Irish543,6009.8East Indian484,6559.6Italian429,3859.2Chinese359,4508.5
Italy Italian484,3608.3Italian475,0908.6Italian466,1559.2East Indian345,8557.4East Indian255,6856.0
Philippines Filipino274,6754.7German262,8304.8German259,0155.1French220,5354.7French236,3155.6
Germany German271,8154.6French249,3754.5French241,3954.8German220,1404.7German224,5255.3
France French247,7904.2Filipino246,3454.5Polish207,4954.1Portuguese171,5453.7Portuguese161,6853.8
Poland Polish237,2404.0Polish214,4553.9Portuguese188,1103.7Polish166,6953.6Polish161,0053.8
Portugal Portuguese210,4203.6Portuguese196,9753.6Filipino181,3303.6Jewish161,2153.5Jewish156,3003.7
Jamaica Jamaican200,3353.4Jamaican177,3053.2Jamaican160,2053.2Jamaican150,8403.2Jamaican133,6903.2
Ukraine Ukrainian144,3352.4Jewish137,1652.5Jewish141,6852.8Filipino140,4053.0Filipino102,5252.4
Russia Russian139,9102.4Ukrainian130,3502.4Ukrainian122,5102.4Ukrainian104,4852.2Ukrainian95,5002.3
Pakistan Pakistani122,9502.1Russian118,0902.1Russian102,8152.0Dutch (Netherlands)85,8601.8Dutch (Netherlands)85,2502.0
Sri Lanka Sri Lankan114,4002.0Spanish105,7401.9Spanish97,2551.9Greek85,3751.8Greek80,3301.9
United Kingdom British Isles origins (other)107,9001.8Sri Lankan104,9801.9Dutch (Netherlands)95,5601.9Spanish65,6001.4Spanish62,5201.5
Spain Spanish106,6851.8British Isles origins (other)104,0701.9Greek90,5851.8Russian62,5401.3Hungarian (Magyar)44,1601.1
Greece Greek99,1451.7Dutch (Netherlands)98,9251.8Sri Lankan80,6101.6Hungarian (Magyar)46,7901.0Welsh44,0151.0
Total population5,862,855100Total population5,521,235100Total population5,072,075100 Total population4,647,955100Total population4,232,905100

Change between 2011 and 2016:

Largest increases:

  1. Chinese: +105,970 (+1.2%)
  2. East Indian: +71,120 (+0.6%)
  3. Pakistani: +32,340 (+0.5%)
  4. Filipino: +28,330 (+0.2%)
  5. Jamaican: +23,030 (+0.2%)
  6. Polish: +22,785 (+0.1%)
  7. Russian: +21,820 (+0.3%)
  8. Iranian: +20,845 (+0.3%)
  9. Canadian: +18,215 (−0.5%)
  10. Ukrainian: +13,985 (-)

Largest decreases:

  1. Jewish: −77,970 (−1.5%)
  2. English: −44,555 (−1.6%)
  3. Yugoslavian, n.o.s.: −1,900 (−0.4%)
  4. Scottish: −1,605 (−0.6%)
  5. French: −1,585 (−0.3%)

Cities

Concentrations of ethnic groups per Toronto CMA municipality are as follows, with the largest proportion of each group in bold (only percentages higher than 5% are included):

City/Town Population Ethnic Group #1 % Ethnic Group #2 % Ethnic Group #3 % Ethnic Group #4 % Ethnic Group #5 % Ethnic Group #6 %
Toronto 2,691,665 White 47.7 South Asian 12.6 Chinese 11.1 Black 8.9 Filipino 5.7
Mississauga 715,475 White 42.3 South Asian 23.2 Chinese 7.6 Black 6.6 Filipino 5.1 Arab 5.1
Brampton 590,950 South Asian 44.3 White 26.0 Black 13.9
Markham 327,400 Chinese 45.1 White 21.8 South Asian 17.8
Vaughan 304,145 White 64.4 South Asian 10.1 Chinese 6.8
Richmond Hill 193,800 White 39.8 Chinese 29.4 West Asian 10.4 South Asian 7.7
Oakville 191,720 White 68.4 South Asian 8.9 Chinese 7.0
Ajax 119,180 White 42.3 South Asian 20.9 Black 16.7
Milton 108,935 White 56.3 South Asian 21.0
Pickering 90,995 White 55.9 South Asian 15.2 Black 10.8
Newmarket 82,730 White 72.6 Chinese 6.8
Caledon 66,215 White 80.3 South Asian 10.0
Halton Hills 60,195 White 90.9
Aurora 54,705 White 72.4 Chinese 10.2
Whitchurch-Stouffville 45,345 White 62.3 Chinese 13.1 South Asian 12.4
Georgina 44,765 White 91.8
Bradford West Gwillimbury 34,965 White 77.9 South Asian 5.5
New Tecumseth 33,735 White 90.4
King 24,365 White 86.7
East Gwillimbury 23,435 White 87.2
Uxbridge 20,975 White 92.5

Most common ethnic origins (only percentages higher than 7% are included) per Toronto CMA municipality are as follows, with the largest proportion of each ethnic origin in bold (as well the most populous ethnic group in a riding, if not English or Canadian) :

City/Town Population Ethnic Origin #1 % Ethnic Group #2 % Ethnic Group #3 % Ethnic Group #4 % Ethnic Group #5 % Ethnic Group #6 % Ethnic Group #7 % Ethnic Group #8 %
Toronto 2,691,665 Chinese 12.5 English 12.3 Canadian 12.0 Irish 9.8 Scottish 9.5 East Indian 7.5
Mississauga 715,475 East Indian 15.4 Canadian 10.2 English 9.3 Chinese 9.1
Brampton 590,950 East Indian 33.4 Canadian 10.8 Jamaican 7.8 English 7.4
Markham 327,400 Chinese 46.5 East Indian 10.1
Vaughan 304,145 Italian 31.1 Russian 8.4 Canadian 8.0 Chinese 7.9
Richmond Hill 193,800 Chinese 30.2 Iranian 11.0 Italian 9.9 Canadian 7.3
Oakville 191,720 English 22.1 Canadian 16.7 Scottish 16.4 Irish 16.1 Italian 8.8 German 8.1 Chinese 7.7 French 7.4
Ajax 119,180 Canadian 17.7 English 16.9 East Indian 13.0 Scottish 12.8 Irish 11.8 Jamaican 9.2
Milton 108,935 Canadian 18.6 English 17.4 Scottish 14.1 Irish 12.8 East Indian 11.7 Italian 7.7 Pakistani 7.2
Pickering 90,995 English 20.5 Canadian 19.8 Scottish 15.4 Irish 14.7 East Indian 11.6
Newmarket 82,730 English 26.3 Canadian 23.0 Scottish 19.1 Irish 17.3 Italian 9.7 German 8.0 Chinese 7.7 French 7.7
Caledon 66,215 Italian 27.3 English 21.1 Canadian 19.7 Scottish 15.2 Irish 14.3 East Indian 8.3 German 7.3
Halton Hills 60,195 English 32.5 Canadian 30.0 Scottish 24.1 Irish 22.2 German 10.4 French 9.4 Italian 8.7
Aurora 54,705 English 23.6 Canadian 19.8 Scottish 16.9 Irish 16.7 Italian 12.5 Chinese 11.1 German 8.6
Whitchurch-Stouffville 45,345 English 20.1 Canadian 18.6 Chinese 14.8 Scottish 14.3 Irish 13.7 Italian 11.7
Georgina 44,765 Canadian 36.3 English 35.4 Scottish 24.3 Irish 23.4 German 10.4 French 10.3
Bradford West Gwillimbury 34,965 Canadian 23.3 English 20.6 Italian 15.2 Irish 13.9 Scottish 13.3 Portuguese 11.8
New Tecumseth 33,735 English 33.1 Canadian 31.7 Irish 24.8 Scottish 23.3 German 10.3 Italian 10.2 French 8.6
King 24,365 Italian 34.5 English 18.3 Canadian 16.8 Scottish 13.0 Irish 12.6 German 7.4
East Gwillimbury 23,435 English 34.3 Canadian 30.3 Scottish 22.4 Irish 22.2 German 11.1 Italian 8.7 French 8.6
Uxbridge 20,975 English 40.3 Canadian 32.2 Scottish 26.4 Irish 24.5 German 12.9 French 8.5

Ridings

Visible minorities as percentage of population and top ethnic origins per riding, in the GTA outside the City of Toronto are as follows:

Visible Minorities as % of Population (2016 Census) & Top Ethnic Origins [GTA outside City of Toronto]
Riding (2013 Redistribution)Percentage Most Populous

Ethnic Origin

 Percentage Most Populous

Visible Minority

 Percentage
Simcoe—Grey [New Tecumseth only] 7.37 English 33.1 South Asian 1.8
Wellington—Halton Hills [Halton Hills only] 7.43 English 32.5 South Asian 2.3
York—Simcoe 12.5 Canadian 30.6 South Asian 2.9
Dufferin—Caledon [Caledon only] 18.7 Italian 27.3 South Asian 10.0
Oakville 25.5 English 25.3 South Asian 6.8
Newmarket—Aurora 27.7 English 24.5 Chinese 8.7
Mississauga—Lakeshore 28.8 English 19.2 South Asian 8.7
Vaughan—Woodbridge 28.9 Italian 53.5 South Asian 9.4
Oakville North--Burlington [incl. part of Burlington] 33.1 English 20.7 South Asian 11.0
Pickering—Uxbridge 36.0 English 24.2 South Asian 12.5
Thornhill 37.1 Russian 16.4 Chinese 10.5
King—Vaughan 37.3 Italian 31.2 South Asian 12.2
Milton [Town of Milton only] 42.8 Canadian 18.6 South Asian 21.0
Mississauga East—Cooksville47.8 Polish 10.6 South Asian 15.8
Aurora—Oak Ridges—Richmond Hill 51.7 Chinese 25.0 Chinese 24.1
Mississauga—Streetsville 52.2 East Indian 15.5 South Asian 21.5
Markham—Stouffville 54.9 Chinese 24.5 Chinese 22.5
Ajax 56.7 Canadian 17.7 South Asian 20.9
Brampton Centre 59.8 East Indian 19.9 South Asian 26.2
Richmond Hill 61.6 Chinese 32.3 Chinese 31.5
Mississauga—Erin Mills64.1 East Indian 15.1 South Asian 24.6
Brampton South 66.6 East Indian 31.4 South Asian 41.5
Brampton North 68.0 East Indian 31.1 South Asian 41.5
Mississauga Centre70.6 East Indian 18.0 South Asian 26.6
Mississauga—Malton 78.1 East Indian 28.3 South Asian 41.3
Brampton West 78.8 East Indian 31.2 South Asian 43.4
Markham—Unionville 84.6 Chinese 65.6 Chinese 64.5
Markham—Thornhill 84.8 Chinese 41.6 Chinese 40.7
Brampton East90.6 East Indian 51.4 South Asian 65.9

Future projections

Panethnic origin projections (2041)
2041[51][52][53][54]
Population %
South Asian 2,768,000 27.62%
European[lower-alpha 7] 2,759,500 27.53%
East Asian[lower-alpha 2] 1,360,000 13.57%
African 925,000 9.23%
Middle Eastern[lower-alpha 4] 744,000 7.42%
Southeast Asian[lower-alpha 3] 742,000 7.4%
Latin American 299,000 2.98%
Indigenous 95,500 0.95%
Other/multiracial 330,000 3.29%
Projected Metro Toronto Population 10,023,000 100%

Ethnic groups

Black-Canadians

Cambodians

Chinese

Filipinos

Greeks

Italians

Japanese

Jews

South Asians

Vietnamese

Religion

City of Toronto

Religion in the City of Toronto (2021)[55]

  Christianity (46.2%)
  Irreligious (30.6%)
  Islam (9.6%)
  Hinduism (6.2%)
  Judaism (3.6%)
  Buddhism (2.3%)
  Sikhism (0.8%)
  Other (0.8%)

Roman Catholics accounted for 33.4% of the population of the city of Toronto in 2001, followed by Protestants with 21.2%. Members of Christian Orthodox churches accounted for 4.9%, and other Christians (those not specifically identifying as Catholic, Protestant or Orthodox) formed 3.9%. The city's religious makeup also includes Islam with 5.5%, Hinduism (4.1%), Judaism (3.5%), Buddhism (2.1%), Sikhism (1%), and other communities; 16.6% reported no religious affiliation.[56]

In particular, the 2001 Census data showed the following data per pre-amalgamation municipality:

  • Toronto (667,320) : Catholic 31.1%, No religious affiliation 26.2%, Protestant 20.8%, Jewish 5.0%, Muslim 4.0%, Christian Orthodox 3.7%, Buddhist 3.4%
  • North York (603,060) : Catholic 30.2%, Protestant 18.0%, No religious affiliation 15.8%, Jewish 10.1%, Muslim 7.8%, Christian Orthodox 5.2%, Christian, not included elsewhere 4.6%, Hindu 4.1%
  • Scarborough (588,675) : Catholic 26.2%, Protestant 22.8%, No religious affiliation 19.7%, Hindu 9.7%, Muslim 7.8%, Christian Orthodox 5.1%, Christian, not included elsewhere 4.7%,
  • Etobicoke (334,570) : Catholic 39.6%, Protestant 24.6%, No religious affiliation 11.3%, Muslim 6.9%, Hindu 4.9%, Christian Orthodox 4.3%, Christian, not included elsewhere 3.5%, Sikh 3.3%
  • York (148,940) : Catholic 45.6%, Protestant 18.8%, No religious affiliation 12.8%, Muslim 5.0%, Christian, not included elsewhere 4.4%, Christian Orthodox 3.9%, Jewish 3.7%
  • East York (114,245) : Protestant 25.3%, Catholic 23.6%, No religious affiliation 17.1%, Muslim 12.5%, Christian Orthodox 12.0%, Hindu 3.7%

The 2011 National Household Survey found that Roman Catholics accounted for 28.2% of the population in the city of Toronto in 2011, followed by those of no religious affiliation at 24.1%, "Other Christian" at 9.7%, and Muslims at 8.2%. Besides those registered in the "other Christian" category there were other Christian denominations who were also registered in the census, including Anglicans (3.8%), Baptists (1.4%), Christian Orthodox (4.3%), Lutheran (0.6%), Pentecostal (1.6%), Presbyterian (1.5%), and United Church (3%). Buddhists (2.7%), Hindu (5.6%), Judaism(3.8%), Sikh (0.8%), Aboriginal spirituality (0.03%) and "Other religions" (0.5%) were also included.[57]

Toronto CMA

Religious groups in the Toronto CMA (1981−2021)
Religious group 2021[58] 2011[59] 2001[60] 1991[61][62] 1981[63][64]
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
Christianity 2,851,285 46.42% 3,128,565 56.66% 3,049,050 65.6% 2,851,655 73.82% 2,480,885 83.38%
Irreligion 1,636,860 26.65% 1,165,010 21.1% 784,700 16.88% 562,265 14.55% 272,570 9.16%
Islam 626,010 10.19% 424,935 7.7% 254,115 5.47% 105,965 2.74% 36,695 1.23%
Hinduism 457,825 7.45% 325,420 5.89% 191,305 4.12% 90,140 2.33% 31,090 1.04%
Sikhism 244,240 3.98% 159,905 2.9% 90,590 1.95% 41,450 1.07% 11,620 0.39%
Judaism 165,765 2.7% 167,765 3.04% 164,510 3.54% 151,115 3.91% 123,730 4.16%
Buddhism 120,865 1.97% 124,215 2.25% 97,165 2.09% 48,385 1.25% 11,780 0.4%
Indigenous spirituality 1,290 0.02% 1,110 0.02% — — — — — —
Other 38,745 0.63% 24,305 0.44% 16,525 0.36% 12,120 0.31% 7,125 0.24%
Total responses 6,142,880 99.04% 5,521,235 98.89% 4,647,955 99.25% 3,863,110 99.23% 2,975,495 99.22%
Total population 6,202,225 100% 5,583,064 100% 4,682,897 100% 3,893,046 100% 2,998,947 100%

Languages

Mother tongue by population

City of Toronto

Languages with more than 10,000 speakers, 2021[65]Population %
English1,391,68550.2
Mandarin112,6204.1
Cantonese103,5303.7
Tagalog (Filipino)82,1853.0
Spanish78,5752.8
Portuguese60,3602.2
Tamil52,9051.9
Italian50,9951.8
Persian (includes Dari)50,4901.8
Urdu34,4601.2
French34,1151.2
Russian33,7701.2
Arabic32,9851.2
Korean32,8051.2
Bengali31,3351.1
Vietnamese27,4451.0
Gujarati27,0901.0
Greek23,5400.8
Hindi22,3000.8
Panjabi (Punjabi)21,2300.8
Polish20,7950.8
Ukrainian13,7400.5
Serbian12,6300.5
Turkish11,2250.4
Somali11,0200.4
German10,7000.4
Romanian10,5100.4

The finest granularity of mother tongue and language spoken in Toronto yet provided by the 2011 Census is that of the federal electoral district (riding; 2003 redistribution).[66] Census tracts (and hence ward and neighbourhood) data is not yet available. For each of the federal electoral districts in the City of Toronto, the top three (or more if having more than 3% of native speakers; single responses are used - it is indicated by way of using bold whether English is the mother tongue of more than 60% of the population or if another language exceeds 10% of native speakers) are as follows:

TORONTO & EAST YORK

  • Trinity-Spadina (137,865): 1. English (60.2%), 2. Cantonese (4.7%), 3. Portuguese (4.5%), 4. Chinese, not otherwise specified (4.5%), 5. Mandarin (3.8%)
  • Toronto Centre (123,430): 1. English (61.7%), 2. Spanish (2.5%), 3. Chinese, not otherwise specified (2.4%)
  • St. Paul's (112,470): 1. English (69.4%), 2. Spanish (3.0%), 3. Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) (2.6%)
  • Beaches-East York (103,625): 1. English (70.0%), 2. Bengali (3.7%), 3. Greek (2.0%)
  • Parkdale-High Park (100,595) : 1. English (63.0%), 2. Polish (4.3%), 3. Spanish (2.3%)
  • Toronto-Danforth (100,420): 1. English (63.7%), 2. Cantonese (5.8%), 3. Greek (5.0%), 4. Chinese, not otherwise specified (3.6%)
  • Davenport (98,425): 1. English (47.5%), 2. Portuguese (21.4%), 3. Italian (5.9%), 4. Spanish (5.6%)

NORTH YORK

  • Willowdale (135,455): 1. English (35.1%), 2. Chinese, not otherwise specified (9.4%), 3. Persian (9.3%), 4. Korean (7.9%), 5. Mandarin (7.7%)
  • Don Valley West (118,545): 1. English (54.4%), 2. Urdu (5.9%), 3. Persian (4.0%)
  • York Centre (112,950): 1. English (40.5%), 2. Russian (11.9%), 3. Italian (7.6%), 4. Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) (7.4%) 5. Spanish (5.0%)
  • Eglinton-Lawrence (108,730): 1. English (63.1%), 2. Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) (5.3%), 3. Italian (4.9%)
  • Don Valley East (106,115): 1. English (42.1%), 2. Mandarin (6.5%), 3. Chinese, not otherwise specified (6.1%) 4. Persian (4.6%), 5. Arabic (3.5%), 6. Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) (3.2%), 7. Cantonese (3.2%)
  • York West (103,395): 1. English (44.0%), 2. Italian (9.6%), 3. Spanish (8.5%), 4. Vietnamese (5.3%), 5. Urdu (3.0%)

SCARBOROUGH

  • Scarborough-Rouge River (128,905): 1. English (37.4%), 2. Tamil (13.8%), 3. Cantonese (13.1%), 4. Mandarin (4.6%), 5. Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) (4.3%), 6. Urdu (3.2%)
  • Scarborough-Agincourt (107,465): 1. English (30.2%), 2. Chinese, not otherwise specified (15.8%), 3. Cantonese (14.4%), 4. Mandarin (12.0%), 5. Tamil (5.0%)
  • Scarborough-Guildwood (105,900): 1. English (57.6%), 2. Tamil (8.0%), 3. Gujarati (6.0%), 4 Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) (3.9%), 5. Urdu (3.2%)
  • Scarborough Centre (105,880): 1. English (47.7%), 2. Tamil (8.5%), 3. Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) (6.1%) 4. Chinese, not otherwise specified (3.8%), 5. Cantonese (3.5%)
  • Scarborough Southwest (103,270): 1. English (59.3%), 2. Bengali (6.1%), 3. Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) (5.0%), 4. Tamil (3.4%)

ETOBICOKE YORK

  • Etobicoke-Lakeshore (119,120): 1. English (59.7%), 2. Polish (5.6%), 3. Ukrainian (3.5%)
  • York South-Weston (111,710): 1. English (49.9%), 2. Portuguese (9.0%), 3. Spanish (8.2%), 4. Italian (7.6%), 5. Vietnamese (3.6%)
  • Etobicoke Centre (109,250): 1. English (54.1%), 2. Italian (5.5%), 3. Ukrainian (4.1%), 4. Spanish (3.2%)
  • Etobicoke North (105,620): 1. English (45.4%), 2. Panjabi (Punjabi) (10.1%), 3. Gujarati (4.8%), 4. Italian (3.8%), 5. Urdu (3.1%), 6. Somali (3.0%)

Toronto CMA

Top 20 languages Toronto CMA, 2016[67]Population %
English3,061,82052.0
Cantonese247,7104.2
Mandarin227,0853.9
Panjabi (Punjabi)171,2302.9
Italian151,4152.6
Tagalog (Filipino)136,1152.3
Urdu128,8452.2
Spanish126,5002.2
Tamil109,5801.9
Portuguese104,3051.8
Persian100,6401.7
Arabic85,1751.5
Russian83,1051.4
Polish69,8601.2
French65,5351.1
Gujarati64,1151.1
Korean55,0050.9
Hindi48,1400.8
Vietnamese48,0050.8
Greek41,2250.7

Following are the corresponding data for the GTA ridings neighbouring the City of Toronto:

IN YORK REGION

  • Oak Ridges-Markham (220,005): 1. English (52.2%), 2. Cantonese (10.9%), 3. Chinese, not otherwise specified (6.6%), 4. Italian (3.5%), 5. Mandarin (3.2%)
  • Vaughan (187,340): 1. English (47.5%), 2. Italian (20.0%), 3. Spanish (3.1%)
  • Thornhill (136,120): 1. English (47.6%), 2. Russian (10.9%), 3. Cantonese (4.5%), 4. Persian (4.1%) 5. Chinese, not otherwise specified (3.9%), 6. Korean (3.2%) 7. Hebrew (3.1%)
  • Markham-Unionville (131,250): 1. English (34.2%), 2. Cantonese (18.1%), 3. Chinese, not otherwise specified (12.7%), 4. Tamil (7.5%), 5. Mandarin (6.0%), 6. Urdu (3.2%)
  • Newmarket-Aurora (129,460): 1. English (77.4%), 2. Italian (2.1%), 3. Russian (1.7%)
  • Richmond Hill (124,865): 1. English (40.4%), 2. Cantonese (10.1%), 3. Persian (9.2%), 4. Russian (7.8%), 5. Mandarin (5.7%), 6. Italian (5.7%), 7. Korean (3.4%)

IN PEEL REGION

  • Bramalea-Gore-Malton (182,545): 1. English (49.3%), 2. Panjabi (Punjabi) (22.2%), 3. Urdu (3.0%)
  • Mississauga-Brampton South (138,495): 1. English (41.6%), 2. Panjabi (Punjabi) (8.0%), 3. Urdu (5.2%), 4. Polish (3.8%), 5. Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) (3.5%)
  • Mississauga East-Cooksville (131,915): 1. English (40.0%), 2. Polish (6.7%), 3. Urdu (5.0%), 4. Arabic (4.8%), 5. Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) (4.1%), 6. Spanish (3.2%)
  • Mississauga South (108,685): 1. English (66.0%), 2. Polish (4.9%), 3. Portuguese (2.4%)

IN DURHAM REGION

  • Ajax-Pickering (133,135): 1. English (78.2%), 2. Urdu (2.3%), 3. Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) (2.1%)
  • Pickering-Scarborough East (104,495): 1. English (76.6%), 2. Tamil (2.4%), 3. Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) (2.4%)

Immigration

City of Toronto

According to the 2006 census, the immigrant proportion in the City of Toronto stood at 50.0%[68] The percentage and breakdown of immigrants per place of birth for each City of Toronto Community Council is as follows:[69]

  • Toronto & East York (642,940): 39.0% (Eastern Asia 6.7%; Southern Europe 6.5%; Southeast Asia 4.1%; Southern Asia 3.7%; Eastern Europe 3.3%; Northern Europe 3.2%)
  • North York (635,265): 54.4% (Eastern Asia 11.3%; Eastern Europe 6.5%; West Central Asia & Middle East 6.1%; Southern Europe 6.0%; Southeast Asia 5.5%; Southern Asia 5.5%)
  • Scarborough (602,610): 57.4% (Eastern Asia 14.3%; Southern Asia 13.9%; Southeast Asia 6.6%; Caribbean & Bermuda 5.1%; South America 3.4%; Southern Europe 3.2%)
  • Etobicoke York (595,370): 49.6% (Southern Europe 11.4%; Southern Asia 7.0%; Eastern Europe 5.8%; Caribbean & Bermuda 4.6%; Southeast Asia 4.2%; South America 4.1%)

The City of Toronto ward with the highest percentage of total immigrants is Ward 41 Scarborough-Rouge River where 71.4% of the total population are immigrants (Eastern Asia 41.4%, Southern Asia 10.7%, Southeast Asia 6.0%, Caribbean & Bermuda 3.8%). At the other end of the spectrum is Ward 16 Eglinton-Lawrence having the lowest percentage of immigrants, 24.7% in particular (Eastern Europe 4.1%, Northern Europe 3.4%, Southern Europe 3.3%).

Toronto CMA

According to the Canadian government, Toronto has one of the highest per capita immigration rates in the world.[70] Within Canada itself, 43% of all new immigrants to Canada settle in the Greater Toronto Area adding significantly to Toronto's population.

The 2021 census reported that immigrants (individuals born outside Canada) comprise 2,862,850 persons or 46.6 percent of the total population of the Toronto CMA.[71]

Immigrants in Toronto CMA by country of birth (1921-2021)
Country of Birth 2021[71][72] 2016[73] [74] 2011[75][76] 2006[77][78] 2001[79][80] 1996[81][80] 1941[82]: 346–347  1921[83]: 328–334 [lower-alpha 8]
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
 India 394,620 13.8% 307,275 11.4% 268,915 10.6% 221,935 9.6% 147,165 7.2% 99,930 5.6% 492 0.2% 413 0.2%
 China 296,630 10.4% 266,840 9.9% 224,915 8.9% 191,120 8.2% 136,135 6.7% 87,615 4.9% 2,345 0.8% 2,172 0.9%
 Philippines 212,655 7.4% 192,265 7.1% 173,495 6.8% 130,315 5.6% 103,170 5.1% 80,855 4.6% — — — —
 Pakistan 128,305 4.5% 119,085 4.4% 97,065 3.8% 85,630 3.7% 51,185 2.5% 22,870 1.3% — — — —
 Hong Kong 99,510 3.5% 100,065 3.7% 97,660 3.8% 103,090 4.4% 110,735 5.4% 110,990 6.3% — — — —
 Sri Lanka 99,280 3.5% 101,545 3.8% 103,580 4.1% 84,225 3.6% 68,790 3.4% 54,000 3% — — — —
 Jamaica 95,900 3.3% 99,660 3.7% 96,160 3.8% 93,845 4% 92,190 4.5% 86,910 4.9% 1,354[lower-alpha 9] 0.5% 1,348[lower-alpha 9] 0.5%
 Italy 87,870 3.1% 103,615 3.8% 115,060 4.5% 130,685 5.6% 138,990 6.8% 146,515 8.3% 6,090 2.2% 4,511 1.8%
 Iran 87,105 3% 74,525 2.8% 59,750 2.4% 45,435 2% 34,930 1.7% 21,785 1.2% — — — —
 United Kingdom 85,895 3% 99,170 3.7% 112,580 4.4% 125,975 5.4% 142,990 7% 158,070 8.9% 165,682 59.4% 174,658 68.5%
 Guyana 64,885 2.3% 69,020 2.6% 71,360 2.8% 68,905 3% 66,980 3.3% 60,700 3.4% —[lower-alpha 10] — —[lower-alpha 10] —
 Portugal 63,460 2.2% 71,045 2.6% 72,680 2.9% 76,300 3.3% 78,895 3.9% 82,105 4.6% — — — —
 Vietnam 62,105 2.2% 59,365 2.2% 59,495 2.3% 58,975 2.5% 52,600 2.6% 50,075 2.8% — — — —
 Poland 50,405 1.8% 57,450 2.1% 63,065 2.5% 66,790 2.9% 70,490 3.5% 74,225 4.2% 23,368 8.4% 7,461 2.9%
 South Korea 48,770 1.7% 45,700 1.7% 43,675 1.7% 39,820 1.7% 31,080 1.5% 20,545 1.2% — — — —
 United States of America 48,265 1.7% 46,700 1.7% 47,310 1.9% 41,280 1.8% 37,795 1.9% 36,360 2.1% 18,185 6.5% 17,696 6.9%
 Trinidad and Tobago 40,855 1.4% 43,135 1.6% 45,925 1.8% 44,335 1.9% 43,700 2.1% 41,055 2.3% —[lower-alpha 10] — —[lower-alpha 10] —
 Bangladesh 36,745 1.3% 32,385 1.2% 25,090 1% 18,905 0.8% 11,890 0.6% 4,360 0.2% — — — —
 Iraq 34,575 1.2% 29,230 1.1% 21,530 0.8% 14,910 0.6% 11,080 0.5% 7,400 0.4% — — — —
 Russia 33,760 1.2% 34,380 1.3% 34,330 1.4% 30,145 1.3% 23,200 1.1% 11,520 0.6% 10,068 3.6% 11,299 4.4%
Total immigrants 2,862,850 46.6% 2,705,550 46.1% 2,537,410 46% 2,320,160 45.7% 2,032,960 43.7% 1,772,905 41.9% 278,841 31% 254,820 35.3%
Total responses 6,142,880 99% 5,862,855 98.9% 5,521,235 98.9% 5,072,075 99.2% 4,647,960 99.3% 4,232,905 99.3% 900,491 100% 721,089 100%
Total population 6,202,225 100% 5,928,040 100% 5,583,064 100% 5,113,149 100% 4,682,897 100% 4,263,759 100% 900,491 100% 721,089[lower-alpha 8] 100%

According to the 2006 Census,[84] 45.7% of the residents of Toronto CMA were immigrants.

The 2006 Census data[85] show the following temporal patterns in the sources of immigration to Toronto (and retention of immigrants per source country):

  • Recent immigrants (2001–2006, 447,930): India 17.4%, China 14.3%, Pakistan 8.3%, Philippines 7.4%, Sri Lanka 3.9%, Iran 3.2%
  • Period of immigration: 1996–2000 (362,320): India 13.5%, China 13.1%, Pakistan 7.8%, Philippines 5.9%, Sri Lanka 5.2%, Hong Kong 4.3%, Iran 3.4%, Russia 3.2%
  • Period of immigration: 1991–1995 (357,865): Hong Kong 9.1%, India 8.7%, Philippines 8.7%, Sri Lanka 8.3%, China 8.1%, Poland 4.5%, Jamaica 4.1%, Guyana 3.5%, Vietnam 3.3%
  • Period of immigration: Before 1991 (1,152,050): Italy 11.1%, United Kingdom 9.7%, Portugal 5.9%, India 5.6%, Jamaica 5.5%, Hong Kong 4.5%, China 4.4%, Philippines 3.9%, Poland 3.8%, Guyana 3.8%, Vietnam 3.4%

Highs and lows (2011 Census)

Wards

  • Largest area (hectares):[86] Ward 42 - Scarborough-Rouge River: 3,928
  • Smallest area (hectares): Ward 18 - Davenport: 474
  • Most populous: Ward 23 - Willowdale: 79,435
  • Least populous: Ward 19 - Toronto-Danforth: 44,420
  • Highest % recent immigrants: Ward 33 - Don Valley East: 24.1%
  • Lowest % recent immigrants: Ward 16 - Eglinton Lawrence: 3.7%
  • Highest % visible minorities: Ward 42 - Scarborough-Rouge River: 88.7%
  • Lowest % visible minorities: Ward 16 - Eglinton Lawrence: 12.6%
  • Highest median household income: Ward 25 - Don Valley West: $86,901
  • Lowest median household income: Ward 14 - Parkdale-High Park: $38,352

Ethnocultural

Mother tongue

(highest %)

  • English:[87] Ward 32 - Beaches-East York: 77.7% (Lowest %: Ward 39 - Scarborough-Agincourt: 24.9%)
  • Portuguese: Ward 18 - Davenport: 25.3%
  • Cantonese: Ward 41 - Scarborough-Rouge River: 23.5%
  • Chinese, not otherwise specified: Ward 39 - Scarborough-Agincourt: 22.2%
  • Italian: Ward 9 - York Centre: 20.4%
  • Russian: Ward 10 - York Centre: 19.5%
  • Tamil: Ward 42 - Scarborough-Rouge River: 15.1%
  • Panjabi (Punjabi): Ward 1 - Etobicoke North: 13.3%
  • Urdu: Ward 26 - Don Valley West: 11.2%
  • Greek: Ward 29 - Toronto-Danforth: 10.7%

Home language

(highest %)

  • English: Ward 16 - Eglinton-Lawrence: 89.9% (Lowest %: Ward 39 - Scarborough-Agincourt: 36.1%)
  • Cantonese: Ward 41 - Scarborough-Rouge River: 22.5%
  • Chinese, not otherwise specified: Ward 39 - Scarborough-Agincourt: 18.3%
  • Portuguese: Ward 18 - Davenport: 17.8%
  • Russian: Ward 10 - York Centre: 17.6%
  • Italian: Ward 9 - York Centre: 12.7%
  • Tamil: Ward 42 - Scarborough-Rouge River: 12.7%
  • Panjabi (Punjabi): Ward 1 - Etobicoke North: 11.0%

Ethnic origin

(highest %; single responses)

  • Chinese: Ward 41 - Scarborough-Rouge River: 56.1%
  • Portuguese: Ward 17 - Davenport: 28.0%
  • Italian: Ward 9 - York Centre: 27.2%
  • East Indian: Ward 1 - Etobicoke North: 26.0%
  • Jewish: Ward 10 - York Centre: 17.3%
  • Greek: Ward 29 - Toronto-Danforth: 13.0%

Visible minority

(highest %)

  • Not a visible minority: Ward 16 - Eglinton-Lawrence: 87.4%
  • Chinese: Ward 41 - Scarborough-Rouge River: 57.3%
  • South Asian: Ward 1 - Etobicoke North: 37.9%
  • Black: Ward 8 - York West: 21.8%
  • Filipino: Ward 25 - Scarborough Southwest: 10.4%
  • Latin American: Ward 7 - York West: 9.6%
  • Korean: Ward 23 - Willowdale: 9.4%
  • Southeast Asian: Ward 8 - York West: 7.2%
  • West Asian: Ward 23 - Willowdale: 6.9%
  • Arab: Ward 34 - Don Valley East: 3.0%
  • Japanese: Ward 27 - Toronto Centre-Rosedale: 1.2%

Education

(highest %)

  • Earned doctorate: Ward 20 - Trinity-Spadina: 3.3%
  • Master's degree: Ward 27 - Toronto Centre-Rosedale: 13.0%
  • Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine: Ward 25 - Don Valley West: 3.5%
  • University certificate above bachelor level: Ward 22 - St. Paul's: 5.5%
  • Bachelor's degree: Ward 22 - St. Paul's: 31.5%
  • University certificate or degree: Ward 22 - St. Paul's: 54.1%

References

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  77. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (March 23, 2009). "Place of birth for the immigrant population by period of immigration, 2006 counts and percentage distribution, for Canada, provinces and territories - 20% sample data". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved November 4, 2023.
  78. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (May 1, 2020). "2006 Census Topic-based tabulations Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (8) and Place of Birth (261) for the Immigrants and Non-permanent Residents of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2006 Census - 20% Sample Data". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved November 4, 2023.
  79. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (December 23, 2013). "2001 Census Topic-based tabulations Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (10A) and Place of Birth of Respondent (260) for Immigrants and Non-permanent Residents, for Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2001 Census - 20% Sample Data". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved November 4, 2023.
  80. 1 2 Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (December 23, 2013). "2001 Census Topic-based tabulations Selected Places of Birth (85) for the Immigrant Population, for Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 1996 and 2001 Censuses - 20% Sample Data". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved November 4, 2023.
  81. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (June 4, 2019). "Data tables, 1996 Census Immigrant Population by Place of Birth (260A) and Sex (3), Showing Period of Immigration (6), for Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 1996 Census (20% Sample Data)". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved November 26, 2023.
  82. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (April 3, 2013). "Eighth census of Canada,1941 = Huitième recensement du Canada Vol. 3. Ages of the population classified by sex, conjugal condition, racial origin, religious denomination, birthplace, etc." www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved December 3, 2023.
  83. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (April 3, 2013). "Sixth census of Canada,1921 . v. 2. Population: age, conjugal condition, birthplace, immigration, citizenship, language, educational status, school attendance, blindness and deaf mutism". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved December 2, 2023.
  84. ↑ "Population by immigrant status and period of immigration, 2006 counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations - 20% sample data". 12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved May 27, 2018.
  85. ↑ "File Not Found | Fichier non trouvé". Archived from the original on May 24, 2012. Retrieved November 4, 2012.
  86. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 5, 2012. Retrieved November 15, 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  87. ↑ "City of Toronto: Ward Profiles". Archived from the original on June 21, 2009. Retrieved July 17, 2009.
    1. ↑ Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.
    2. 1 2 3 Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.
    3. 1 2 3 Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.
    4. 1 2 3 Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.
    5. 1 2 Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, n.i.e." and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.
    6. ↑ 2001–2016: Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.

      2021: Statistic includes all persons belonging to the non-indigenous and non-visible minority “White” population group.
    7. ↑ Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an aboriginal identity.
    8. 1 2 Combined population of York County, Peel County, Durham County, and Halton County, which approximately represents the geographical extent of the contemporary Greater Toronto Area.
    9. 1 2 All individuals born in the British West Indies
    10. 1 2 3 4 Totals included as part of British West Indies, represented by Jamaica in the column.
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