Gil de Ferran
De Ferran in 2011
NationalityBrazilian
Born(1967-11-11)11 November 1967
Paris, France
Died29 December 2023(2023-12-29) (aged 56)
Opa-locka, Florida, U.S.
IRL IndyCar Series
Years active2001–2003
TeamsPenske Racing
Starts31
Wins5
Poles5
Best finish2nd in 2003
PPG IndyCar World Series/CART FedEx Championship Series
Years active1995–2001
TeamsHall/VDS Racing
Walker Racing
Penske Racing
Starts129
Wins7
Poles16
Best finish1st in 2000 & 2001
Previous series
1991–1992
1993–1994		British Formula Three
Formula 3000
Championship titles
1992
2000–2001
2003		British Formula Three Champion
CART World Series Champion
Indianapolis 500 winner
Awards
1995CART Rookie of the Year
De Ferran's car in 2001
De Ferran at the 2005 United States Grand Prix

Gil de Ferran (11 November 1967 – 29 December 2023) was a French-born Brazilian professional racing driver and team owner. De Ferran was the 2000 and 2001 Champ Car champion driving for Team Penske and the winner of the 2003 Indianapolis 500.[1] He also finished runner-up in the American Le Mans Series LMP1 class in 2009, with his own de Ferran Motorsports.

Early career

Inspired by the success of fellow Brazilian Emerson Fittipaldi,[2] de Ferran began his career in kart racing in the 1980s.[3] He won the Formula Ford championship in Brazil in 1987, and started racing in the Formula Three class in 1991.[4] Driving for Edenbridge Racing, de Ferran finished the 1991 British Formula Three season in third, only behind Rubens Barrichello and David Coulthard.[4][5] For the 1992 season, de Ferran moved to Paul Stewart Racing and won the title, scoring seven wins in the process.[5]

In 1993 and 1994, de Ferran drove for Paul Stewart Racing in the International Formula 3000.[5] De Ferran finished fifth in the series in 1993 and then took the championship down to the wire in 1994, ultimately finishing third.[6][7] In 1993, de Ferran tested for a day the Footwork Arrows Formula One team along with Dutch racer Jos Verstappen.[8][9] His day was seriously compromised after he bumped his head while walking near the motorhome, with de Ferran recalling the incident as follows: "I was walking between two of the trucks, looking down thinking, this is not going so well. And I hit my head on a swing-up locker door on the side of the truck. Split my head open, blood everywhere, game over."[9] His times also compared poorly to Verstappen's.[8]

IndyCar

In 1994, de Ferran was invited to test a CART IndyCar by Hall/VDS Racing.[10] Despite the worries of the team's sponsor Pennzoil that de Ferran was not a famous enough name for their car, the team was sufficiently impressed to offer de Ferran a drive for 1995.[11] With no top-line Formula One drive available, de Ferran took up the offer to drive in the United States.[12] After dominating the Cleveland CART PPG Indy Car World Series race he would be taken out while trying to lap Scott Pruett.[13] He would score his first win in the last race of the year at Laguna Seca Raceway.[14] After the win, De Ferran placed 14th in the 1995 PPG Indy Car World Series, and won the PPG Indy Car World Series Rookie Of The Year award.[13][14]

In 1996, de Ferran was a consistent challenger but only scored one win, at Cleveland's Burke Lakefront Airport street circuit, avenging the previous season's loss at the same race.[13][15] This win was also the last for veteran car owner and driver Jim Hall who retired from the sport at the end of 1996.[16] Hall's retirement also spelled the end of the Jim Hall owned Pennzoil/VDS IndyCar team.[5] Despite rumours that he would be a driver for the new Stewart Grand Prix Formula One team, de Ferran remained in the U.S. for 1997, joining Walker Racing.[5] De Ferran finished 1997 as runner-up to Alex Zanardi with twelve top-ten finishes but failed to score a single victory.[17][18] He looked on course to win the season opener at Homestead-Miami Speedway but was knocked out of the lead by Dennis Vitolo, who was a lap down from de Ferran.[19] At the Grand Prix of Portland he lost out to PacWest Racing's Mark Blundell in the closest finish in CART history.[20] The expected championship challenge never materialized in 1998. Unreliability, driver errors and the inferior performance of the Goodyear tires compared to the superior Firestone tires all combined to leave de Ferran 12th in the standings, again with no wins in the year.[21][22]

In 1999, the long-awaited breakthrough finally came as de Ferran beat Juan Pablo Montoya at Portland International Raceway to take his first win since 1996 and the Walker Racing team's first since early 1995. However, after that victory, both Goodyear and Valvoline left CART as major sponsors and suppliers.[23][24] Toward the end of that season, de Ferran and Greg Moore were signed to Marlboro Team Penske to replace Al Unser Jr.[25] However, Moore was killed in a crash during the season finale at California Speedway and de Ferran's fellow countryman Hélio Castroneves was announced as the replacement for Moore shortly afterwards.[26]

On 28 October 2000, during CART qualifying at California Speedway in Fontana, de Ferran set both the track record and closed course record for fastest lap at 241.428 mph (388.541 km/h).[27] As of December 2022, this stands as the fastest qualifying lap speed ever recorded at an official race meeting.[28] He would follow the record speed by winning the series championship at Fontana on 30 October (The season finale started on 29 October but was forced to finish on 30 October due to rain).[29]

With Team Penske, de Ferran won two CART titles and an Indy 500 victory.[30] His analytical approach earned him comparisons with Penske's first driver, Mark Donohue.[9] In 2003, de Ferran was injured during a race at Phoenix, suffering a broken back.[31] Despite the injury, de Ferran passed his teammate, Castroneves with 31 laps left to win the 2003 Indianapolis 500.[32] It also was the second 1–2 finish for Penske Racing in the Indianapolis 500.[33][34]

Following his Indianapolis triumph de Ferran decided to retire at the end of 2003.[35] He won his final race at Texas Motor Speedway,[36] although the moment was soured by a crash during the race that left fellow Indy 500 winner and Rahal-Letterman Racing driver Kenny Bräck seriously injured.[37] De Ferran would finish second in the championship standings, runner-up to Scott Dixon.[36]

Formula One managerial career

In 2005, he moved to the BAR-Honda Formula One team as their Sports Director.[38] He resigned from this position in July 2007 after becoming "increasingly uncomfortable" with the team.[39]

In July 2018, de Ferran was made sporting director for McLaren following Eric Boullier's resignation.[40] He left the team in early 2021.[41]

In May 2023, McLaren had brought back de Ferran in a consultant advisory role as part of their restructure process.[42]

de Ferran Motorsports

On 29 January 2008, de Ferran announced that he would return to the cockpit and field a factory-backed LMP2 class Acura ARX-01b prototype in the American Le Mans Series, under the team name de Ferran Motorsports.[43] The team began competing around the mid-way point of the 2008 season, with de Ferran running the team and sharing driving duties with Simon Pagenaud.[44]

In its debut season, de Ferran Motorsports took four front row grid positions, led six races and scored three podium finishes in just eight starts.[45]

In 2009, de Ferran Motorsports was chosen by Honda to develop the Acura ARX-02a for competition in the LMP1 division of the American Le Mans Series.[46][47] The team scored five outright wins, seven poles, and finished runners up in the ALMS LMP1 class.[48][49]

Return to IndyCar

In August 2009, de Ferran announced his retirement at the end of the racing season, expressing his intention to concentrate all his resources on expanding his team, making public his desire to return to IndyCar racing as a front running team owner.[50][51] Prior to the start of the 2010 IZOD IndyCar season, de Ferran merged his team with Luczo Dragon Racing, a team started by Jay Penske, the son of de Ferran's former boss Roger Penske, and Steve Luczo, a successful technology leader and racing enthusiast.[52] The new team was named de Ferran Dragon Racing and was the realization of de Ferran's ambition to return to IndyCar.[53][54]

De Ferran Dragon Racing, with driver Raphael Matos, earned four Top Ten finishes in its debut campaign and finished seventeenth in the season finale at Homestead-Miami Speedway.[9][55]

In 2010, IndyCar also began planning for a completely new car concept, to debut during the 2012 season.[56] De Ferran was part of the ICONIC committee in the development of the future IndyCar.[57]

In 2011 de Ferran Dragon racing closed its doors after lacking sponsorships, having attempted to stay operational for the new season.[58]

Recognition

In July 2013, Autosport magazine named de Ferran one of the 50 greatest drivers to have never raced in Formula One.[59][11]

Personal life and death

De Ferran was born on 11 November 1967 in Paris, France.[60] He lived in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, with his English wife Angela (who worked for Paul Stewart Racing)[61] and their two children.[5]

De Ferran died on 29 December 2023, at age 56. He suffered a heart attack while driving at a private event with his son at The Concours Club in Opa-locka, Florida.[30][62]

Motorsports career results

Complete British Formula Three results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

Year Entrant Engine 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 DC Pts
1991 Edenbridge Racing Mugen-Honda SIL
8		 THR DON
7		 BRH
5		 BRH
1		 THR
8		 SIL
7		 DON
2		 SIL
1		 SIL
1		 SNE
5		 SIL
2		 BRH
2		 DON
5		 SIL
6		 THR
11		 3rd 54
1992 Paul Stewart Racing Mugen-Honda DON
3		 SIL
1		 THR
1		 BRH
2		 THR
2		 BRH
2		 SIL
1		 SIL
2		 DON
1		 SNE
5		 SIL
Ret		 PEM
1		 SIL
2		 DON
3		 THR
1		 SIL
1		 1st 102

Complete International Formula 3000 results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

Year Entrant 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 DC Points
1993 Paul Stewart Racing DON
Ret		 SIL
1		 PAU
Ret		 PER
Ret		 HOC
9†		 NÜR
2		 SPA
2		 MAG
Ret		 NOG
7		 4th 21
1994 Paul Stewart Racing SIL
3		 PAU
1		 CAT
Ret		 PER
1		 HOC
3		 SPA
5		 EST
Ret		 MAG
Ret		 3rd 28
Sources:[63][64]

Complete American Open Wheel Racing results

(key)

CART

Year Team Chassis Engine 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Rank Points Ref
1995 Hall/VDS Racing Reynard 95i Mercedes-Benz IC108B V8 t MIA
25		 SRF
16		 PHX
11		 LBH
27		 NZR
19		 INDY
29		 MIL
8		 DET
16		 POR
10		 ROA
21		 TOR
16		 CLE
14		 MIS
12		 MDO
24		 NHM
7		 VAN
2		 LS
1		 14th 56 [65]
1996 Hall/VDS Racing Reynard 96i Honda HRH V8 t MIA
2		 RIO
10		 SRF
11		 LBH
5		 NZR
23		 MIS1
9		 MIL
9		 DET
3		 POR
2		 CLE
1		 TOR
18		 MIS2
19		 MDO
17		 ROA
25		 VAN
4		 LS
25		 6th 104 [66]
1997 Walker Racing Reynard 97i Honda HRR V8 t MIA
22		 SRF
5		 LBH
21		 NZR
4		 RIO
11		 STL
3		 MIL
7		 DET
3		 POR
2		 CLE
2		 TOR
25		 MIS
3		 MDO
6		 ROA
3		 VAN
3		 LS
5		 FON
6		 2nd 162 [17]
1998 Walker Racing Reynard 98i Honda HRK V8 t MIA
7		 MOT
3		 LBH
20		 NZR
4		 RIO
26		 STL
6		 MIL
22		 DET
3		 POR
20		 CLE
6		 TOR
27		 MIS
16		 MDO
9		 ROA
16		 VAN
13		 LS
19		 HOU
21		 SRF
14		 FON
17		 12th 67 [67]
1999 Walker Racing Reynard 99i Honda HRS V8 t MIA
6		 MOT
2		 LBH
6		 NZR
15		 RIO
10		 STL
25		 MIL
3		 POR
1		 CLE
2		 ROA
14		 TOR
19		 MIS
24		 DET
22		 MDO
6		 CHI
13		 VAN
26		 LS
6		 HOU
17		 SRF
27		 FON
9		 8th 108 [68]
2000 Penske Racing Reynard 2Ki Honda HR-0 V8 t MIA
6		 LBH
7		 RIO
17		 MOT
9		 NZR
1		 MIL
12		 DET
9		 POR
1		 CLE
14		 TOR
6		 MIS
18		 CHI
3		 MDO
2		 ROA
25		 VAN
5		 LS
2		 STL
8		 HOU
3		 SRF
23		 FON
3		 1st 168 [69]
2001 Penske Racing Reynard 01i Honda HR-1 V8 t MTY
2		 LBH
3		 TXS
NH		 NZR
23		 MOT
13		 MIL
7		 DET
6		 POR
13		 CLE
4		 TOR
14		 MIS
24		 CHI
3		 MDO
2		 ROA
5		 VAN
2		 LAU
8		 ROC
1		 HOU
1		 LS
3		 SRF
4		 FON
6		 1st 199 [70]

IndyCar Series

Year Team Chassis No. Engine 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Rank Points Ref
2001 Team Penske Dallara IR-01 66 Oldsmobile Aurora V8 PHX
24		 HMS ATL INDY
2		 TXS PPIR RIR KAN NSH KTY STL CHI TX2 28th 46 [71]
2002 Marlboro Team Penske Dallara IR-02 6 Chevrolet Indy V8 HMS
2		 PHX
2		 FON
4		 NZR
3		 INDY
10		 TXS
16		 PPIR
1		 RIR
2		 KAN
5		 NSH
2		 MIS
5		 KTY
21		 STL
1		 CHI
23		 TX2
INJ		 3rd 443 [72]
2003 Penske Racing Dallara IR-03 Toyota Indy V8 HMS
2		 PHX
14		 MOT
INJ		 PPIR
3		 RIR
3		 KAN
3		 NSH
1		 MIS
7		 STL
3		 KTY
9		 NZR
4		 CHI
12		 TX2
1		 2nd 489 [73]
G-Force GF09 INDY
1		 TXS
8		 FON
15

Indianapolis 500 results

Year Chassis Engine Start Finish Team
1995 Reynard 95i Mercedes-Benz IC108B V8 t 19 29 Hall/VDS Racing
2001 Dallara IR-01 Oldsmobile Aurora V8 5 2 Penske Racing
2002 Dallara IR-02 Chevrolet Indy V8 14 10 Penske Racing
2003 G-Force GF09 Toyota Indy V8 10 1 Penske Racing
Source:[74]

CART career results

Year Team Wins Points Championship Finish
1995 Hall/VDS Racing 1 56 14th
1996 Hall/VDS Racing 1 104 6th
1997 Walker Racing 0 162 2nd
1998 Walker Racing 0 67 12th
1999 Walker Racing 1 108 8th
2000 Penske Racing 2 168 1st
2001 Penske Racing 2 199 1st
Source:[64]

Indy Racing League career results

Year Team Wins Points Championship Finish
2001 Penske Racing 0 46 28th
2002 Penske Racing 2 443 3rd
2003 Penske Racing 3 489 2nd
Sources:[63][64]

Complete American Le Mans Series results

Year Entrant Class Chassis Engine Tyres 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Rank Points Ref
2008 de Ferran Motorsports LMP2 Acura ARX-01b Acura 3.4L V8 M SEB STP LNB UTA
3
 LIM
14/7
 MID
Ret
 AME
18/8
 MOS
7/5
 DET
3
 PET
8/5
 MON
4/2
 9th 85 [75]
2009 de Ferran Motorsports LMP1 Acura ARX-02a Acura 4.0L V8 M SEB
Ret
 STP
Ret
 LNB
1
 UTA
1
 LIM
1
 MID
1
 AME
2
 MOS
2
 PET
24/7
 MON
1
 2nd 162 [76]

References

  1. ↑ Parkes, Ian (31 August 2018). "After Years of Dismal Results, a Reorganization at McLaren". The New York Times. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
  2. ↑ Spurgeon, Brad (24 July 2015). "A Racing Life, on Track and Off". The New York Times. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
  3. ↑ Mason, Oliver (30 December 2023). "Brazilian Racing Legend Gil de Ferran Passes Away at 56". The Rio Times. Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  4. 1 2 Gascoigne, Roger (30 December 2023). "F3 and IndyCar champion Gil de Ferran dies aged 56". Formula Scout. Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Kelly, Paul (29 December 2023). "2003 Indianapolis 500 Winner De Ferran Dies at 56". IndyCar.com. Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  6. ↑ "F3000 International Championship Standings 1993". Motorsport Stats. Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  7. ↑ "Article clipped from The Indianapolis Star". The Indianapolis Star. 22 May 1995. p. 32. Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  8. 1 2 Hallbery, Andy (6 June 2021). "Archive: How a standout test launched the Verstappen name into F1". Autosport. Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  9. 1 2 3 4 "Lunch with... Gil de Ferran". Motor Sport Magazine. 7 July 2014. Retrieved 10 August 2022.
  10. ↑ Pruett, Marshall (29 December 2023). "Gil de Ferran 1967-2023". Racer.com. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
  11. 1 2 Neal, David J. (30 December 2023). "Fort Lauderdale's Gil de Ferran, an Indy 500 winner who 'defined class,' dies at age 56". The Miami Herald. Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  12. ↑ Newbold, James (1 January 2024). "The attributes that made de Ferran a potent force". Motorsport.com. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  13. 1 2 3 Blackburn, Tom (30 December 2023). "Gil de Ferran Brought Winning Back to Penske". Frontstretch. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  14. 1 2 Martin, Bruce (10 September 1995). "De Ferran wins race, Villeneuve wins title". United Press International. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  15. ↑ "De Ferran rolls in Cleveland". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  16. ↑ Glick, Shav (8 August 1996). "Indy Car Owner Jim Hall Retiring, but Impact Continues". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  17. 1 2 "Gil de Ferran – 1997 CART Results". Racing-Reference. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
  18. ↑ Glick, Shav (24 October 1997). "No 'Doughnuts,' but Plenty of Dough for Zanardi". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 3 January 2024.
  19. ↑ "Logansport Pharos-Tribune from Logansport, Indiana". Logansport Pharos-Tribune. 3 March 1997. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  20. ↑ "CHAMPCAR/CART: Portland preview". Motorsport.com. 27 March 2008. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  21. ↑ Miller, Robin. "Class, dignity and skill define de Ferran". ESPN. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  22. ↑ "De Ferran seeks happy ending". South Florida Sun Sentinel. 20 March 1999. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  23. ↑ "July 1999 News Archives". Jayski's Silly Season Website. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
  24. ↑ "Gil de Ferran". www.historicracing.com. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
  25. ↑ "De Ferran ends Penske win drought". Autosport. 27 May 2000. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
  26. ↑ Cavin, Curt (29 October 2009). "10 Years Later: Remembering Greg Moore". Autoweek. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  27. ↑ "De Ferran wins pole, sets record". Las Vegas Sun. 28 October 2000. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013.
  28. ↑ Webster, George (16 May 2009). "Who holds the world's closed course record? A.J. Foyt". PRN Motorsport Magazine. Archived from the original on 10 August 2018.
  29. ↑ "CHAMPCAR/CART: Fontana race Monday summary". Motorsport.com. 31 October 2000. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  30. 1 2 Freyer, Jenna (29 December 2023). "Gil de Ferran, Indianapolis 500 winner and Brazilian icon, dies at 56". apnews.com. The Associated Press.
  31. ↑ "De Ferran suffers back injury in crash". Autosport. 24 March 2003. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
  32. ↑ "Brazil's Gil de Ferran wins Indy 500". WTHR. 25 May 2003. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
  33. ↑ Frank, Evan (29 December 2023). "2003 Indianapolis 500 winner Gil de Ferran has died. See photos of him through the years". The Indianapolis Star. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
  34. ↑ "Penske Racing Indianapolis 500 Fast Facts". www.teampenske.com. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
  35. ↑ Taranto, Steven (29 December 2023). "Gil de Ferran, 2003 Indianapolis 500 champion, dies of heart attack at 56". CBS Sports. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
  36. 1 2 D'Angelo, Bob (30 December 2023). "Gil de Ferran, who won Indianapolis 500 in 2003, dead at 56". KIRO-TV. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
  37. ↑ Glick, Shav (14 October 2003). "Brack Stable After Crash". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
  38. ↑ Frank, Evan; Brown, Nathan (29 December 2023). "Gil de Ferran, the 2003 Indianapolis 500 champion, has died at 56". The Indianapolis Star. Retrieved 3 January 2024.
  39. ↑ "De Ferran quits role with Honda". BBC Sport. 16 July 2007. Retrieved 16 July 2007.
  40. ↑ Mitchell, Scott (4 July 2018). "Eric Boullier resigns from McLaren Formula 1 team". www.autosport.com. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
  41. ↑ Brown, Nathan (21 January 2021). "Gil de Ferran leaving McLaren after helping integrate Arrow McLaren SP IndyCar program". The Indianapolis Star. Retrieved 3 January 2024.
  42. ↑ Benson, Andrew (6 May 2023). "Gil de Ferran: McLaren bring back former IndyCar champion as part of restructure plans". www.bbc.com. Retrieved 2 June 2023.
  43. ↑ English, Steven (29 January 2008). "De Ferran to race again with own team". Autosport. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
  44. ↑ Olson, Jeff. De Ferran to Become Acura Owner/Driver Archived 1 February 2008 at the Wayback Machine, SpeedTV.com, 29 January 2008
  45. ↑ "Sebring: de Ferran Motorsports preview". Motorsport.com. 19 June 2009. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
  46. ↑ "de Ferran Motorsports re-sign Pagenaud". Motorsport.com. 30 November 2008. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
  47. ↑ "Acura To Enter LMP1 Prototype Competition In 2009". Autoweek. 28 August 2008. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
  48. ↑ "De Ferran Wins ALMS Finale In Final Drive". Autoweek. 10 October 2009. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
  49. ↑ "Acura Motorsports 2009 season review". Motorsport.com. 15 October 2009. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
  50. ↑ "Gil de Ferran announces his retirement". Motorsport.com. 2 October 2009. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
  51. ↑ "Gil De Ferran Announces Retirement, Again". Autoweek. 6 August 2009. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
  52. ↑ Jenkins, Chris (16 February 2010). "De Ferran, Luczo Dragon Indy teams to merge". San Diego Union-Tribune. Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  53. ↑ "de Ferran Dragon Racing new team name". Motorsport.com. 14 May 2010. Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  54. ↑ "Gil de Ferran returns to IndyCar as owner". www.sportsnet.ca. 17 February 2010. Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  55. ↑ "Homestead: Series race report". Motorsport.com. 2 October 2010. Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  56. ↑ Martin, Bruce (11 January 2010). "This debate has wings; more notes". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
  57. ↑ Lewandowski, Dave (13 July 2012). "Future car strategy is well-received reality". IndyCar.com. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
  58. ↑ Cavin, Curt (23 March 2011). "IndyCar Preview: Stability Should Provide Fierce Competition Once Again". Autoweek. Retrieved 5 January 2024.
  59. ↑ "The top 50 drivers who never raced in F1". Autosport. 26 July 2013. Archived from the original on 21 December 2018. Retrieved 10 March 2023.
  60. ↑ Tinoco, Armando (31 December 2023). "Gil De Ferran Dies: Brazilian-French Indy 500 Champion Was 56". Deadline.com. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
  61. ↑ Stewart, Jackie (2009). Winning is not enough : the autobiography. London: Headline. ISBN 978-0-7553-1539-0. OCLC 277068852.
  62. ↑ DeGroot, Nick (30 December 2023). "2003 Indy 500 winner Gil de Ferran dead at 56". www.motorsport.com. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
  63. 1 2 "Gil de Ferran Results". Motorsport Stats. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
  64. 1 2 3 "Gil de Ferran". Motor Sport. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
  65. ↑ "Gil de Ferran – 1995 CART Results". Racing-Reference. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
  66. ↑ "Gil de Ferran – 1996 CART Results". Racing-Reference. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
  67. ↑ "Gil de Ferran – 1998 CART Results". Racing-Reference. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
  68. ↑ "Gil de Ferran – 1999 CART Results". Racing-Reference. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
  69. ↑ "Gil de Ferran – 2000 CART Results". Racing-Reference. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
  70. ↑ "Gil de Ferran – 2001 CART Results". Racing-Reference. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
  71. ↑ "Gil de Ferran – 2001 Indy Racing Northern Lights Series Results". Racing-Reference. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
  72. ↑ "Gil de Ferran – 2002 Indy Racing League Results". Racing-Reference. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
  73. ↑ "Gil de Ferran – 2003 IndyCar Series Results". Racing-Reference. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
  74. ↑ "Gil de Ferrran Indianapolis 500 Stats". Indianapolis Motor Speedway. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
  75. ↑ "Gil de Ferran – 2008 American Le Mans Series Results". Racing-Reference. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
  76. ↑ "Gil de Ferran – 2009 American Le Mans Series Results". Racing-Reference. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. Retrieved 30 December 2023.
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